Among the patients who die of diseases in China every year, patients who die of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases account for 43% of the total number of deaths!
The so-called cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease refers to the damage to brain tissue or myocardium caused by lesions in the blood vessels that supply blood to the heart and brain.
For example, the "stroke" that everyone hears about in daily life is actually a kind of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, which is clinically called "stroke", and because of the different causes of stroke, it is divided into two major types.
The first type is ischemic stroke caused by blockage and narrowing of blood vessels supplying blood to the brain, which is commonly known as cerebral infarction.
The second type is hemorrhagic stroke caused by the sudden rupture of cerebral blood vessels, that is, cerebral hemorrhage.
According to the current clinical data, the incidence rate of cerebral infarction is significantly higher than that of the latter, accounting for about 60 to 70% of all patients.
However, the mortality rate of cerebral hemorrhage is higher than the former, and its mortality rate in the acute stage reaches about 30 to 40%!
Relevant studies have pointed out that stroke has become the first major factor in the death of mainland residents due to illness, and it is also the main cause of disability caused by illness in Chinese adults.
Whether it is cerebral infarction or cerebral hemorrhage, it has three high characteristics, such as high recurrence rate, high disability rate and high mortality rate.
So the question is, stroke is so dangerous, what should be done to minimize the risk?
First, on the prevention of cerebral infarction
1, physical exercise: physical exercise has two main roles, the first is to consume excess fat in the body through active exercise, reduce the probability of obesity-related diseases, and play a role in preventing atherosclerosis.
The second is that exercise promotes blood circulation in the body and reduces the likelihood of lipids sticking to the walls of arteries. Therefore, it is clinically recommended that adults should perform physical exercise at least 3-5 times a week for more than 30 minutes each time;
2, diet adjustment: there are two main points of dietary adjustment, the first is to control the intake of salt, adults daily intake of sodium salt is best not more than 6 grams.
If excessive intake, not only increases the burden of sodium metabolism on the kidneys, but also may cause water and sodium retention, plasma osmolality imbalance, and then lead to hypertension.
The second point is to control the intake of saturated fatty acids, and everyone should reduce the intake of foods with high fat, high calories and high sugar on the basis of a balanced diet;
3. Life adjustment: In addition to the two major ones mentioned above, everyone should avoid all risk factors that may cause atherosclerosis and stroke in daily life.
The key thing to mention here is to quit smoking and alcohol, maintain regular and scientific sleep, and maintain a cheerful and optimistic attitude.
Second, on the prevention of cerebral hemorrhage
1. Control of primary disease: The most important factor in the occurrence of cerebral hemorrhage is actually cerebrovascular lesions. In clinical view, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes are all high-risk factors for cerebral hemorrhage.
Therefore, after the diagnosis of such a disease, the patient should actively treat the drug according to the doctor's recommendation, and regular physical examination to observe the control of the disease;
2, exercise to be vigilant: a large number of research surveys show that the sudden onset of cerebral hemorrhage patients is often sudden after emotional overexcitement and high-intensity physical activity.
Therefore, patients with primary diseases, although they need to carry out physical activity, should avoid high-intensity exercise and pay attention to the combination of work and leisure;
3. Quit bad habits: cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction are actually lesions based on arteriosclerosis. The causes of arteriosclerosis involve genetics, age growth, acquired bad habits and other aspects.
When we can't change our genes and age, all we can do is adjust from habit, and it is necessary to stay away from smoking and alcohol and maintain adequate sleep.
Finally, we should remind everyone that the onset of stroke is often sudden, and the more timely the rescue, the better the prognosis of the patient.
Therefore, for high-risk groups, if there is a sudden severe and unbearable headache, unengulatement of one limb, facial paralysis and other symptoms, it is necessary to seek medical examination at the first time.