The onset of this disease is slow and there are no obvious symptoms, but the consequences are serious, and parents should be more vigilant

Regarding tuberculosis, the most common routine in TV dramas is for actors to cover their mouths with handkerchiefs, then cough up a pool of blood, and then say that they have an incurable disease.

In ancient times, tuberculosis was indeed not ruled by law, but with the development of modern medicine, in the minds of most people, tuberculosis is already a disease that is about to disappear.

And in fact, it never left our lives. To this day, tb remains the second most deadly of all infectious diseases in China.

Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by infection with the mycobacterium tuberculosis and can damage almost all organs except hair and nails, most commonly the lungs! Tb patients who are born to 14 years of age are called children's TB patients!

Nearly 800,000 tuberculosis patients are reported in the mainland every year, of which less than 10,000 are tuberculosis patients in children aged 0 to 14 years old, most of which occur under 5 years old, and 70 to 80% are tuberculosis!

Because most of them are slow and the symptoms are not obvious, they are often misdiagnosed as colds or other lung infections, and it is difficult to find tuberculosis bacteria by conventional examination methods, which leads to delayed detection of tuberculosis in children!

Childhood TB can cause malnutrition, slow growth and development, and predispose to blood group spread and tuberculous meningitis.

If it cannot be diagnosed and treated in time, it can cause various complications, such as respiratory failure, blood cough, pneumothorax, chest obstruction, etc., which may endanger life! Tuberculous meningitis, osteoarticular tuberculosis, and renal tuberculosis are the main causes of disability in children.

How tuberculosis occurs in children and the main symptoms

Tuberculosis is mainly transmitted by droplets, and if the air does not circulate, it becomes a hotbed for its transmission.

Children are infected by inhaling TB bacteria that are airborne by active TB patients, and the source of infection is mainly from two possibilities: an adult with TB in the family, and a child who is infected in a public place, such as school.

When a child is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, there are two stages: latent tuberculosis infection and active tuberculosis.

Some children will form a specific immune response after the primary infection, thereby preventing the further reproduction and growth of tuberculosis bacteria, and tuberculosis bacteria become latent bacteria, at this time the child has no symptoms and is not infectious.

But when a child's immune system's defenses decline, it multiplies and grows rapidly in the lungs, thus entering the stage of active tuberculosis.

At this time, the child will have fever, cough, chest tightness, chest pain, fatigue and weakness, night sweats, loss of appetite, weight loss or loss and other symptoms.

It should be noted here that if the child has a fever, cough and cough sputum for more than two weeks, continuous wheezing, and blood in the sputum, it is necessary to have a high suspicion of tuberculosis and need to go to the designated hospital for diagnosis and treatment as soon as possible.

If a child is accidentally infected with tuberculosis, parents should do a good job of psychological counseling for their children, so as to achieve early diagnosis and early treatment.

Then, according to the doctor's treatment requirements, insist on taking medicine, review it regularly, build confidence, and instill in the child: as long as the treatment is completed carefully, tuberculosis can be cured, and it will not be infected again, and it can return to school.

How is tuberculosis in children prevented?

Timely vaccination of BCG vaccines

BCG is a live attenuated vaccine against tuberculosis in children, which significantly reduces the risk of disease in children and also has a protective effect on children's lungs. After three months of vaccination, newborns also need to go to the hospital for a skin test to verify whether their vaccination is successful.

Although the BCG vaccination can only be administered for five to ten years, many people think that they have received lifelong protection, so children who have been vaccinated should pay attention to precautions.

Infection control

Tuberculosis is mainly transmitted by the respiratory tract, so there are infectious patients at home should pay attention to protective measures such as isolation, patients are best to live alone in a room, patient tableware should be disinfected frequently, clothes, bedding can be exposed to the sun or disinfected with alcohol.

At the same time, the patient has a cough, sneezing, to cover the mouth and nose with a handkerchief or elbow, etc., do not face people coughing, sneezing, etc., to avoid infection to the family children or other people. The most important thing is to completely cure tuberculosis patients in family members, which is the key to avoiding tuberculosis bacteria infection in children.

Second, try not to take your child to a higher-risk place, such as a tuberculosis clinic, etc., it is recommended to wear a mask, and at the same time let the child develop good habits such as washing hands frequently and not spitting.

Keep air circulating

Rooms should be often windows open and ventilated, especially in crowded places, such as classrooms, collective dormitories, etc.

Pay attention to rest and strengthen nutrition

Pay attention to the rules of children's lives, ensure balanced dietary nutrition, eat more high-protein foods such as milk, eggs, fish and shrimp, lean meat, soy products, etc., and should also eat more foods rich in vitamins and inorganic salts such as vegetables, fruits and grains, and avoid eating spicy and too stimulating foods.

At the same time, let the child combine work and leisure, ensure enough sleep, maintain a pleasant mood, properly supplement vitamin A, vitamin D, pay attention to physical exercise, it is also very important to enhance children's immunity!

In the face of tuberculosis, whether it is a child or yourself, you must maintain a good mood, face tuberculosis bacteria with a positive and optimistic attitude, protect your children, and protect yourself!