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PART#01
If you come into contact with a tb person, will you be infected?
Exposure to TB patients does not necessarily lead to infection.
Whether it will be infected or not, there are many determinants, such as the severity of the source of infection, the amount of bacteria excreted, the frequency of coughing, the ventilation of the patient's room, the closeness and time of contact, the resistance of the contact, and so on.
In general, patients with etiologically positive tuberculosis are the most contagious, followed by other tuberculosis patients. The more severe the symptoms such as cough, sputum production, and sneezing, the greater the risk of transmission. The closer and longer the source of infection is to contacts, the easier it is to spread. The poorer the body resistance of the contact person, the more susceptible they are to infection.
So how can infections be prevented?
First, patients with surrounding tuberculosis are detected early and assisted in curing them to reduce the source of infection. At the same time, self-protection measures should be taken to minimize activities in poorly ventilated, crowded places and stay away from the risk of tuberculosis infection.
Secondly, regular life, balance psychology, reasonable diet, improve the body's immunity.
Again, develop good hygiene habits, open windows for ventilation, do not spit, cough and sneeze to cover your mouth and nose, avoid others, and reduce the risk of tuberculosis transmission.
Finally, infants and young children are vaccinated with BCG as required to improve the body's specific immunity.
PART#02
Does infection with TB bacteria necessarily lead to tuberculosis?
Contracting TB bacteria and getting TB are not the same thing, nor do they necessarily lead to TB. Data show that about 1 in 4 people worldwide are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and about 10% of infected individuals develop active tuberculosis over their lifetime.
Infection refers to the invasion of tb bacteria into the human body, and the invasion of TB bacteria into the human body will have three outcomes:
First, some infected people will clear the tuberculosis bacteria and do not have the disease for life; when the tuberculosis bacteria first invade the human body in the alveoli planting and begin to multiply, the human body produces specific immunity against the tuberculosis bacteria, so that the primary lesion and the hilar lymph nodes and the tuberculosis bacteria spread to all organs of the body stop multiplying. Inflammation in the primary lesion is rapidly absorbed or a small number of calcification foci are left, the enlarged hilar lymph nodes gradually shrink, and most of the tuberculosis bacteria that spread to various organs of the body are eliminated, which is the most common benign process of primary infection.
The second, latent infection state, a small number of tuberculosis bacteria have not been eliminated, long-term dormancy, become a potential lesion. Most infected people remain unsymptomatic for several years.
Third, it develops into active tuberculosis. Tbsis bacteria in these underlying lesions can re-energize when the body's immune function declines, leading to secondary tuberculosis in the body. It usually occurs within half a year to 2 years after infection, after which the body's immunity may also be reduced.
END
Source: Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Edit: Suki
The image comes from the Internet