Tell us about the different Zhaoling Liujun,
These six horses, each of them, were the war horses that accompanied Tang Taizong Li Shimin on the battlefield, some of them guarded their masters to death, and some of them ran to death for their masters.
The names of the "Six Horses of Zhaoling" are: Salu Zi, Fist Hair, White Hoof, Teller, Qingxiao, and Shivachi.
In his later years, Li Shimin remembered his own events and remembered his old friends who were born and died with him.
Therefore, Yan Liben, the Chinese painter at that time, painted the appearance of the six horses at that time, mainly his own description, including the color of the horse, the characteristics, the number of negative arrows, as well as the temper, muscles and performance on the battlefield at that time. Very vivid and graphic.
Let the Shangshu of the Ministry of Works at that time, Yan Bende personally handle the knife, and carve the appearance of a horse out of stone. It's all high-relief knife techniques. This knife technique is not a year or two ahead of Europe and the United States. At least a hundred years.
Let the great calligrapher at that time, Ouyang Qian, one of the four masters of the Tang Dynasty, personally intervene and write the poems that Li Shimin personally wrote for these six horses.
Tang Taizong Li Shimin himself personally wrote four poems for each horse.
Therefore, these six horses, together with their master Li Shimin, were born into death. After his death, he was buried with his master in Zhaoling.
The Tang Dynasty people were very advocating horses, and also attached great importance to horse breeding, in the New Book of Tang, there is a "palace people from the driving of all hu hats to ride horses, the sea of effect, to the dew bun galloping, and the drapery hat is also abolished, there are clothes for men, such as Xi, Qi Fan's clothes." ".
There is also a poem describing the Tang Dynasty women riding horses: "The palace women in front of the palace are always slender waists, the beginner saddle riding is timid and delicate, and only when she gets on the horse does she want to leave, and she throws the saddle bridge several times." ”
Including the most famous "Tang Sancai" glazed ceramic works of the Tang Dynasty, many of which are also represented by horses.
Now you can go to the Shaanxi History Museum to see a lot of physical objects. Sorry, you should be able to see it anywhere in a museum in Shaanxi.
Zhaoling is the mausoleum of Emperor Taizong of Tang. It is located in Jiugao (二声) Mountain in Liquan County, Shaanxi Province.
Tang Taizong Li Shimin
Zhaoling can still be seen today, but the paintings at that time can no longer be seen. The picture in the text is a silk color painting created by a painter of the Jin Dynasty, named Jin Lin, which is now in the collection of the Palace Museum in Beijing. The painting was redrawn by the author according to liujun's carving, coupled with his own understanding to redefine.
So these stone carvings can still be seen today. Four of them can still see the real ones. Located in the Forest of Stone Steles Museum in Xi'an. With the exception of "Salu Purple" and "Fist Hair" which are replicas made of plaster and cement, the other four are all authentic.
Two other horses who want to see the original go to the Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia.
Specifically how to get abroad, you may have to write a new article.
The great calligrapher yu Youren of Shaanxi once had a poem: "Stone horses lost their groups and went beyond the sea." The loss of two horses is also an eternal pain in the hearts of our people.
Purple
The Battle of Dongdu is recorded. Purple dew, purple swallow. In 621, the Tang army and Wang Shichong's army fought a decisive battle in Luoyang, and in the battle to capture Luoyang's Mountain, Li Shimin personally tested the other side's false reality by taking advantage of Saluzi, and rushed out of the position with dozens of horses to engage the enemy, and all the horses in his entourage were scattered, and only Qiu Xinggong, a squire who was good at riding and shooting, followed him. The young and vigorous Li Shimin was able to kill, lost contact with the rear, was surrounded by enemy groups, and shot at the front chest of the "Salu Purple" with a stream of arrows, and at a critical moment, Qiu Xinggong turned back and opened his bow and shot everywhere, the arrows were not false, and the enemy did not dare to enter. Qiu Xinggong dismounted from his horse to give the imperial horse Salu Zi an arrow, and gave up the mount to Li Shimin, and then took the knife and beheaded several people on foot, and returned in a surprise formation. For this reason, only this work is inscribed with characters and deeds.
Fist and fur
Records the Battle of Pacifying Liu Heimin. Fist hair, hair as a spinning black-billed yellow horse. After Dou Jiande's defeat, Liu Heiyan occupied jiuzhou county in the Xia kingdom and colluded with the Turks to proclaim himself the king of Eastern Han. In 622, Li Shimin took advantage of his fist to lead the Tang army to fight Liu Heimin in present-day Quzhou, Hebei. When the main force of Liu's army crossed the river, the Tang army broke the dam from upstream, took the opportunity to cover up and kill, and won the victory. The fist is hit by 6 arrows in front of the head and 3 arrows in the back, indicating the fierceness of the battle.
White-hoofed crow
Records the Battle of Pacifying Xue Rengao. White hooves, pure black, all four hooves white. Xue Ju, who had divided Lanzhou and Tianshui in the early Tang Dynasty, declared himself Emperor of Qin, and Xue Rengao was the son of Xue Rengao. In 618, Xue Rengao's father and son competed with the Tang army for Guanzhong, and Xue Ju fell ill and died. Two months after the confrontation, Li Shimin used a small number of troops to directly contain and lure the enemy, personally leading the main force to directly attack the enemy, and the Xue army collapsed. Li Shimin rode in a fierce pursuit with a white hoof and ran for more than 200 miles a day and night, forcing Xue Rengao to surrender. The stone carving "White Hoof Wu" is angry, the four hooves are in the air, and the mane is facing the wind, reproducing the shape of the Loess Plateau running in the wind.
Teller
Records the Battle of Xunzhou. Teller horse, yellow horse white mouth slightly black, coat color yellow and white, also known as yellow horse, "Teller horse" is the official name of the Turkic tribe, may be a Turkic tribe of a certain Teller gift. In 619, Li Shimin rode on this horse to fight against Song Jingang, who trapped Xun Prefecture (in present-day Shanxi), with sharp troops, and the "special service horse" carried Li Shimin yong day and night to fight eight hard battles in a row.
Green horse
Records the Battle of Dou Jiande. Green, pale and variegated. Dou Jiande was Li Shimin's maternal uncle, a former sui general who took advantage of the chaos to establish himself in the Xia Kingdom. When the Tang army was holding the Tiger Prison Pass, Li Shimin took advantage of the fact that the enemy had been in a long line and was hungry and tired, ordered a comprehensive counterattack, personally led a strong horse, broke into the enemy position, and captured Dou Jiande in one fell swoop. In the stone carving, the green horse is galloping, and the horse body is hit by five arrows, all of which are shot head-on during the charge, and more shots are fired at the back of the horse, which shows that the horse is fast.
Shivaci
Records the Battle of Pingding Wang Shichong. "Shiva" is a transliteration of the Persian word for "horse", this red horse from Persia, is Li Shimin's mount in Luoyang and Hugaoguan against Wang Shichong and Dou Jiande. Wang Shichong, sui, late Tang dynasty, claimed to be king of Zheng according to Luoyang, and in this major battle, Li Shimin was born and died, with three casualties on three warhorses, basically completing the great cause of reunification. The stone carved horse flew through the air and hit five arrows.
Although the stone carved horses are not real horses, there is also an interesting legend about these six carved stone horses.
We'll talk about that in the next article.
