Organize your study notes for tonight.
Recommender: Liu Jin
Teachers, I wish you a happy New Year and a prosperous Year of the Tiger!
So what about this Spring Festival, there are many stories, there are many different stories, there are joys, there are surprises, there are also deep pain and even sadness, and life itself is a story, right?
So today, I was listening to a song, the name of the song is called "Benshi", it has a few lyrics, he said: I remember when I was young, I loved to talk about the day, you loved to laugh, once sat side by side under the peach tree, the wind was in the forest Birds were calling, we didn't know how to fall asleep, how many flowers fell in the dream...
For us, memory is an important part of life, and most stories come from memory. So some people say that stories are as old as bread. I love this metaphor very much because he associates the story with something as indispensable to our survival as food.
Of course, the story I'm telling this time is in the book, from the world of literature. Let's put aside the strangeness of the real world and feel the joys and sorrows in "My Dear Sweet Orange Tree".
I know that many teachers should have read this book, or even more than once, so what will be different if we read it again this time? It's really me, each of us, in different moods and circumstances. To read the same book, there will be different feelings, and this time, our positioning in the children's book of parenting wisdom. The so-called parenting is obviously aimed at adults, because adults need to raise children.
Two days ago, the Beijing News Book Review Weekly published an article by Sun Lili, president of the Baiqing Early Childhood Reading Research Institute, with the title "The Focus of Picture Book Reading is to Educate Parents and Liberate Children."
Picture books, he said, deserve adults to think about aesthetics, philosophy, psychology, and pedagogy. As children, we should put the functions of reading, entertainment, and leisure in the first place, and the acquisition of new knowledge is only an accessory product, so this view and the power of reading, the free reading mentioned in this book, is actually very close.
So this sentence is also applicable to the entire reading of the book in elementary school. Our entire book reading process is through the teacher's guide, and then to the students' reading, then the teachers will find that the teacher's guide is often biased towards the in-depth interpretation of the text.
Whether as a speed reader or a teacher, the reader's ability to deeply interpret the text is our must-do homework and necessary ability. A book, if the teacher does not read it many times over and over again, until it reaches a certain level, then how to bring it to the child with confidence?
Still, I'll find that when discussing a book with kids, they give us a lot of different perspectives to think about. So, you always have to believe in the children's ability to read, and always believe that the classroom is a magical place to stimulate thinking.
In other words, we teachers read the same, we also need a communication platform, such as the WeChat group we are live broadcasting at the moment, our WeChat public account can publish some comments and articles of teachers, as well as the setting of our small punch card program, in fact, everyone can inspire each other here and improve each other.
Okay, let's go back to this book, "My Dear Sweet Orange Tree", let's first look at a picture, if the teachers just have this book at hand, you can open the book in your hand, this picture is behind the table of contents of the book, yes, this is a family tree, from the picture, we know from a glance that the protagonist of this book is the Sawase family.
The whole picture depicts a situation of the Zeze family. Nazeze's grandmother was Tintina, and he had an uncle named Edmundo, and his mom and dad. He has six siblings, namely the eldest sister Lala, the second sister Randilla, the third sister Gloria, the fourth brother Totoka, and the youngest brother Little King Louis.
At the top of this tree, there is a small bird that spreads its wings and flies. That is the protagonist Zeze, well, partners, we can look at this picture again, do you have any new discoveries? See if you have any other findings in this picture.
Ah, because we are a WeChat group synchronous live broadcast, so it is inevitable that there will be some time differences. Well, thanks to Wenzhou Huanglong a small Xue Yin teacher ah, and well, the happiness in the palm of the hand, the participation of this teacher, everyone has found ah, tut, is flying, the other birds, are like putting away the wings, just standing still, then Teacher Xue also found it, there are two leaves falling, as if it is hey, who are the two leaves, respectively, her grandmother Ding Dingna, and what? Yes, and then there's his uncle.
Let's take a look at the description in the book, how poor is the Zeze family? Let's read this passage:
Dad is unemployed isn't he? They've been kicked out since he had an argument with Mr. Scottfield half a year ago? Didn't you see even Lara going to work in the factory? Mom is also going to work in the textile factory in the city, you don't know, our house, Dad has not paid the rent for eight months. These days when the church is doing Mass, I still have to help, so that I can subsidize the family.
What about this passage, it is a passage from Zeze's brother Totoka, who explains the family's situation at that time, and there are many places in the text that describe the poverty of the family.
Like what:
Arantila lit the oil lamp because we couldn't afford to pay the electricity bill and the power company cut off the power to our house.
Another example:
Tintina came to our house early and was pouring red wine on the slices of bread in the kitchen, which was the only food for our Christmas dinner. The poverty of my family made me understand very early on that I can't waste anything, everything costs a lot of money, and it is expensive to buy everything. At home, we have long learned that we like it all whenever we have something to eat.
If we put these sentences into some specific context to read, you will even read a lot of bitterness and helplessness. Well, let's move on to the following paragraph, this is a plot, it is Zeze who followed her sister Gloria to the school to register, and when they signed up, they hoped to get the school's free uniform.
I want to ask about the school uniform, you know Dad is unemployed and we are having quite a difficult time now. The headmaster turned me around, looked at my height and size, and saw patches on my clothes. Prove gloria right, he wrote down the size on his paper, and let us go inside to find Mrs. Eulalia, who was also amazed at my size, and she took out the smallest uniform, which I wore like a scruffy ghost. "This is the smallest, but it's still too big, why is this child so small?" "I'll take it back and make it shorter." I left school happily with these two free uniforms.
In fact, there are many similar descriptions of poverty in the book, and the protagonist of the story is living in such a poor family, so what kind of child will he grow into?
We will also give you a paragraph to read first, to talk about your initial impression of this Zeze, of course, some of our teachers, teachers who have already read the book can not spoil first. So in the process of reading, teachers can also publish their ideas in the group, what kind of impression do you think such a Zeze gives you?
It's a conversation between Zeze and Totoka. Zeze asked him:
Totoka, are all the children retired?
What?
Uncle Edmund do nothing and earn money, he doesn't work, but the city government gives him money every month.
So what?
Children don't do anything, they know how to eat and sleep, and earn money from their parents.
The teachers have found that this is a very naïve child, because he thinks that children are like old people, doing nothing at home, so what about uncle retirement, am I already retired? His perception of the world is very childlike, very cute, very innocent.
Okay, let's move on to the next paragraph.
Ran Dina hugged me, I want to read the words on it!
Don't talk nonsense, Zeze, I'm busy!
You hug me and you know if I'll read it!
You wait, Zeze, if you play me, you look good.
She carried me behind the door: Read it, I listen.
I literally read it, and I read out a prayer that said, "Ask God to bless and bless our family to drive out evil spirits."
Randira put me on the ground and said in surprise: Zeze, you are on your back, you lied to me!
I swear, Randira, I'll read anything.
No one has learned, no one can read, it was Uncle Edmund doppel who taught you, it was Tintina!
No one taught me.
She pointed to an article in the newspaper for me to read.
Just read it, I read it all right. She shouted for Gloria, who was overwhelmed and went looking for someone, and only ten minutes a large group of neighbors came to see something new.
But I refused to go, so I stayed there, making Gloria think I was her flower. When she went to the cupboard and didn't know what to get, she saw me sitting in a rocking chair with a earnest look in her eyes. She went to the pool to fetch water, and I sat on the threshold and watched her. She went into the house to pack up her clothes, and I sat on the bed and looked at her with my hand on my chin. She grabbed me and carried me outside the house and put me in the yard. She went back into the house and closed the kitchen and living room doors. I didn't give up, and I sat in front of every window she had to pass. Now, she's starting to clean the room and make the bed. She saw that I had been staring at him and closed the window. Finally, in order not to see me again, she locked up the whole house tightly.
With these two paragraphs alone, we don't know what happened, but we can read his persistence, insisting on something that seems to have to be done, and this persistence is so childlike that many people can't help but laugh when they read this.
When my son read about this place, he read it out loud to me, and he wanted to share this interesting picture with me, so we must be very curious, what is this thing? Is it worth his insistence? I'll sell it first, and you can go to the book yourself to find the answer.
Of course, the companions who have already read the book need to keep it a secret, because the appropriate sense of mystery is quite necessary, to tempt our other teachers to hurry up and open the book, well, we will continue to look at the next plot.
He looked at me silently, pouting, tears in his eyes. It's okay, Louis, you know my pony Moonlight, and I'll ask Totoka to give him a gift for Santa Claus. Louis sucked his nose. "Don't do this, you're the king!" Dad said that he gave you the name Ruiz because it was the name of the king, and the king could not cry his nose in front of others on the street, you know? I put his head around his chest and stroked his hair.
You see, Luis is his younger brother, and we already know it in the family tree in front of him, so Zeze is really gentle with his little brother. You know, he's just a five-year-old kid.
Okay, let's move on to two more paragraphs. This is for Dad.
I took the cigarette in the palm of my hand and looked at it over and over again, and I was very happy, "Is this good or that good?" ”
"Then I have to ask you!"
"I worked all day to buy this Christmas present for my dad."
"Really? Zeze, what gift did he give you? ”
"Nothing, poor dad, he hasn't found a job yet, you know."
He was so touched that no one in the store spoke, "If it were you, which one would you prefer?" ”
"Both are good, and every dad will be happy to receive such a gift."
The following passage is a conversation between Zeze and his teacher.
Zeze said: "Doria is poorer than me, and the other girls don't want to play with her, because she is black and very poor, so she always hides in the corner." I'll give her the bread you gave me. "This time her handkerchief stayed on her nose for half a day.
"Sometimes don't give me money, you can give it to her. Her mother washed people's clothes, there were 11 children who were still very young, and my grandmother Tintina gave them some beans and rice every week, and I shared bread with her because my mother told me that she should help people who were poorer than us. ”
Her tears flowed.
Can you believe these words came from the gentle, kind, intelligent and sensible Zeze just now? Or you think it's just the only time he's been beaten, that's totally wrong. Not only did lala beat him in this family, but his brother would also beat him, that is, totoka just now, and his mother beat him, and his father, which was almost a daily routine of Zeze. He himself said he was beaten almost every day, as if he had done all the wrong things. And his most unforgettable beating came from his father, who seemed to beat him a lot in this family, and once Zeze lay at home for a week before fully recovering.
Does this subvert our previous perception of this relationship between him and his father, because he had a paragraph in front of him who made a little money to buy gifts for his father through his own efforts in the course of the day, remember? Above, we are from some text descriptions or plots, some bits of cognition of the protagonist Zeze, he is actually very fragmented and one-sided, need all our teachers to open this book, all the points of one-sided things through a complete story, to understand it as a whole.
So next, I deliberately presented the evaluation of Zeze by the people around Zeze in the book.
Falling out when they don't agree, always owing their mouths, sometimes behaving very unfriendly, speaking from family influences, and parents, brothers and sisters have many contradictions!
Some people say this, such as Uncle Edmundo:
Zeze, you have a great future, little villain, your name Ofer is not taken casually, you will be a sun, the center of gravity is shining around you.
And Miss Cecilia, Zeze's teacher, said:
Zeze, you have a beautiful heart.
And then Mr. Ariovado, who is a song cD owner. He said:
Zeze, you are really a very cultured child.
Then lao Lu is a very key character in this story. He said:
I like you so much, little fellow, you can't imagine how much I like you, you're an angel.
And then another part of the people said this about Zeze, randira is his sister:
He is simply a harmful spirit, and he will not stop until he is beaten.
Then Totoka said:
Go away and you're a useless thing, roll.
And Dad, on the other hand, would keep scolding him:
You dog, waste little hooligan.
Then after the neighbor knew that Zeze was moving, the first thing he blurted out was:
Great, great, now we can breathe a sigh of relief.
Let's take a look at what he said about himself, he said:
I'm just a useless person, a bad kid, a very bad kid. Really, old Portuguese, look at my face, it's not a human face, it's the face of an animal. At home they all spoke of me, for I am not a man, I am a beast, I am the son of an Indian, I am the son of the devil.
It's hard to believe that this is a five-year-old's evaluation of himself, and we have a hard time accepting why there is such a huge contrast in the evaluation of the same person.
As in contrast to our previous reading, what kind of child is he? Or what causes different people to evaluate him differently? What makes him have so many seemingly contradictory features? Was poverty a very important environmental factor in his upbringing? Or would he be different if he wasn't poor? So these answers are left to everyone to explore for themselves.
Our reading doesn't require everyone to clock in every day, focusing on Fridays, Saturdays and Sundays, because when you open the book, she will grab you and make you unable to put it down until you finish reading it in one breath. Reading the punch card should be the combing and thinking of the second reading after reading the first time.
If you have this book right next to you at the moment, turn to the last page, this is the author of the book, José Maurod. Vasconcelos, zeze in the book is him. He was born on February 26, 1920 in Bangu, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Since childhood, his family was poor, with 11 brothers and sisters. He grew up in the uncle's house in Natal. I don't know if any teacher has read the sequel to this book, but Zeze was finally sent to the house of a wealthy doctor for foster care, he himself learned to read and read, won swimming and football championships at the age of nine, and his restless nature made him widely involved, and he studied painting, law and philosophy after a year or two.
José had a very bumpy experience, having worked as a fisherman, teacher, model, dancer, waiter, film, television and drama actor, and traveled all over Europe and Brazil. Many of the characters and scenes in his works come from his rich life experiences. There is a sentence on the back cover of this book, the memory of childhood, in the mind of the writer for 42 years, and finally at the age of 48, he used twelve days to create this legendary classic.
Just why should I give the evaluation of the people around me to the teachers first, because we know that each of us lives in society, and our evaluation of ourselves sometimes often comes from the evaluation of ourselves by others, so you see, although the evaluation of Zeze is positive and negative, but in the end Zeze's evaluation of himself is always negative, he feels that he is a waste, he feels that he is a bad, so he feels that he is a child of the devil.
Therefore, in the process of a child's growth, the evaluation of himself from others actually affects his development direction, or his influence, his growth trajectory. And the evaluation here, especially from the family, then we have a lot of literati who studied family philosophy in ancient China, including Zhu Xi, then at that time they began to explore how important a family atmosphere is to the growth of a child, back to the family tree we just looked at, because in this book, Ming Lao Lu is actually an important other, but in the family tree there are only family members, but there is no old Portuguese, so what does that mean? What exactly does the writer want to express through this book?
In fact, we can have some unique thinking, that just we mentioned, is the protagonist Zeze, that is to say, ming inside me, but there is a tree in this book, called sweet orange tree, the book spent a lot of pen and ink to write about this sweet orange tree, he is in the courtyard of Zeze's new home. It is a talking tree that can listen to Zeze's heart and communicate with her.
In fact, the writer also unfolded the relevant plot through the dialogue between Zeze and this sweet orange tree. It is suggested that teachers can read and think with some questions in the next reading process, such as what reminds you of this sweet orange tree?
Is there any other meaning besides the tree in this yard? At the end of the story, the sweet orange tree blossoms, what is the symbolism of this? Why such a book title?
The book presents many corresponding themes, such as children and adults, then fantasy and reality, poverty and wealth, gentleness and violence, and so on.
We can actually try to pay attention to it in the process of reading, especially for example, children and adults, a representative figure of adults here, I mentioned earlier, is Zeze's father, dad is a very, very important existence in this book, if you read the sequel "Let Me Warm the Sun", you will have a deeper feeling. There is a very famous children's literature writer in the Netherlands, Aland, who has a series of picture books called "Little Bear and the Best Daddy" teachers should be more familiar with.
He said that his life was changed by the fact that he was a parent, and he felt that a father had at least once in his life, several times in his life, clearly expressed your love for him to your child, clearly expressed your love for her. What do you mean? This is very, very important. I take this sentence as an introduction, hoping that he can lead everyone into this book, think about the family's parenting style, and think about the words and deeds of this father.
When reading this book, the teachers also tried to pay attention to the narrative angle of the book, he wrote it in the first person, so in the process of reading, we will unconsciously bring into the subjective world of Zeze. The so-called authorities are confused and the bystanders are clear, then we will also use our existing cognitive experience in the process of reading, jump out of his subjectivity, see more comprehensively, and thus produce greater grief and pity.
Of course, there will also be some God's perspective in the book, those who always think that they have the truth of this world, maybe we will see ourselves in it, see the shadow of the people around us, then this is the meaning of reading children's books for our adults. In short, while feeling, jump out and think, what motivates us to feel empathy? What is driving us to tears?
This is what a rational reader needs to do. Remembering the incident of the eighth-child mother in Xuzhou Feng County in the past few days, and then going to see the movie "Blind Mountain" again, it is really unbelievable. Without multidimensional field of view and thinking, it is easy to fall into narrow and biased group stubbornness.
And such an ability to distinguish between right and wrong can be obtained from reading. When one learns to read, one finds the vast territory that frees oneself. I seem to be beginning to understand, oh, why god let Sawazawa be able to read and read without a teacher, and then he still likes to sing, like to watch movies, like to fantasize, so think about it, he is still lucky!