In the military history of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, there was a relatively special contingent, that is, the New Red Twelfth Army in western Fujian, which, according to the instructions of the central authorities, was formed by combining the Red Twentieth Army and the Red Twenty-first Army in the western Fujian region, called the New Red Twelfth Army, and appointed He Shengyang as the acting commander, with a total of more than 3,100 people and more than 1,600 guns in the whole army, and was responsible for consolidating and expanding the revolutionary base areas in western Fujian.
After the establishment of the New Red Twelfth Army, Commander He Shengyang led this contingent to assemble in Longyan for strict political and military training; after the training, he launched an attack on the Area around Yongfu in Zhangping, eliminated the local reactionary militia groups, established a new base area, further expanded the Soviet area, and then quickly returned to Division Commanders Ting and Liancheng and moved to Longyan, Yongding, Shanghang, Nanjing, Pinghe, and Tai Po in Guangdong, effectively dealing a blow to the encirclement and suppression of the reactionaries.
Subsequently, in the first anti-"encirclement and suppression" operation in the Soviet zone, the New Red Twelfth Army, with the cooperation of the Dongjiang Red Army, took the initiative to attack the Gujiao area of Shanghang County, eliminated the Kuomintang troops of Dachi and Xiaochi, recaptured the city of Yongdingkan in one fell swoop, conquered Wuping and Shanghang, broke the first "encirclement and suppression" of western Fujian by The Fujian warlords, and opened up the connection between the Fujian, Guangdong, and Gansu regions. It has made significant contributions to the consolidation and development of the Western Fujian Soviet Region.
However, just when this contingent was about to expand its achievements and take advantage of the victory to advance to strike at the enemy, the New Red Twelfth Army was disturbed by the erroneous thinking of the "Left", and what was painfully distressing was the expansion of the "purge of rebellion"; the commander of the army, He Shengyang, was expelled from the party by the Minxi Party organization, was mistakenly classified as a "class dissident" and listed as the target of suppression, and the commander of the newly formed 12th Army was succeeded by Zuo Quan.
According to the books of The Shimen General, Changde Wenshi, and Changde Daily, the hometown of the military commander He Shengyang, in the spring of 1931, during the expansion of the "purge," He Shengyang was indeed mistakenly classified as a "class dissident" and included in the list of execution targets, but because he had received wind in advance, he left the Soviet area with the help of his colleagues. It is no wonder that some later books based on this list recorded He Shengyang as being mistakenly killed in the expansion of the "purge".
He Shengyang left the Soviet union with the help of his colleagues, came to Shanghai, changed his name to He Jingya, and devoted himself to writing under the pseudonym he Fo. In 1933, he went to Shanghai as the editor-in-chief of a military magazine, and then engaged in translation and writing, relying on the fees to survive. He translated the military works of Marshal Gallen of the Soviet Union and Gorky's novel "My University", and wrote "On the Russo-Japanese War", and died of tuberculosis in 1938 at the age of 36.
"General Shimen" records that He Shengyang left the Soviet union for Shanghai, during which he kept in touch with the organization, and his widow Wan Huasong (a Changde native, graduated from Changde Girls' Vocational School, who was arrested and imprisoned for participating in the student movement, died of illness in 1948) said before his death: In the harsh war environment, He Shengyang was infected with tuberculosis and went to Shanghai for treatment. When I first arrived in Shanghai, I lived in the concession, with a pistol under my pillow, and sometimes moved two places overnight, and I wrote and translated all night with my illness, so my illness became increasingly serious, and I often coughed up blood. After being admitted to the International Red Cross Hospital for treatment, when the Japanese were approaching Shanghai and the situation was very severe, the pregnant lady was relieved to leave her husband and evacuate early with the child.
He Shengyang, while coughing up blood, buried his head day and night, leaving behind two or three million words of writing, which had been donated to relatives and friends in his hometown, and Mr. Xiong Yuequn, former vice president of Shimen County People's Hospital, had preserved five.
He Shengyang (1902-1938), also known as Shen Yang, Zi Jia Zhen, Jing ya, Guandu Bridge, Linli County, Hunan Province (divided into Shimen County after liberation) people, ancestral farming, there are 50 acres of real estate, enough for the family, teenagers attended the hometown primary school, and later entered the public industrial college. In 1924, he was sponsored by Tan Yanmin (then the commander-in-chief of the Xiang Army) to apply for the Whampoa Military Academy, entered the second team of the first phase of the Whampoa Military Academy, and joined the Party during his time at the school.
During his studies at the Whampoa Military Academy, zheng Dongguo, a fellow student, a good friend of He Shengyang and a senior Kuomintang general, recalled in "My Career as a HorseMan": "One of the medium-sized young men named He Shengyang was also a classmate when I was studying at Shimen Middle School. Then he wrote, "Among the first batch of huangpu students, the three people who had a greater influence on my thinking were Wang Erzhuo, Huang Ao, and He Shengyang. We are all fellow villagers in Hunan, and we have applied for military schools together, and our thinking is relatively close, so after entering the military school, our feelings are particularly close and we are brothers and sisters. On holidays, we often meet to take a boat to guangzhou... More often, however, we sit in the bushes on the riverfront of Whampoa Island to discuss political issues in the gap between classes and training. The topics of the conversation were generally the current situation at that time, the future of the National Revolution, and so on. It is inevitable that there will be some arguments in our discussions, sometimes even red-faced, but we have never been estranged from each other. During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Lady He Shengyang took refuge with her children to Chongqing, and when Zheng Dongguo learned of it, he gave the former comrades-in-arms and their dependents the help they could.
After graduating from the Whampoa Military Academy, He Shengyang served as the captain of the second lieutenant district and the captain of the first regiment of the fourth enlistment department. He participated in the two Eastern Expeditions and the Northern Expedition, and served as a company commander and battalion deputy of the Sixth Army of the National Revolutionary Army. In August 1927, he participated in the Nanchang Uprising and served as acting chief of staff of the 20th Army. After the defeat of the rebel army in the south, he was organized and sent to study at Sun Yat-sen University in Moscow, the Soviet Union, and after returning to China, he entered the central revolutionary base area of Jiangxi, where he first served as the captain of the student corps of the first branch of the Central Military and Political School of the Red Army, and then as the acting commander of the newly organized Twelfth Army of the Red Army in western Fujian.
He Shengyang's bumpy fate, especially the stage of leaving the Soviet Union to go to Shanghai, naturally no one can prove his innocence, therefore, his family has also suffered a lot of injustices, after the founding of the country, after careful certification, He Shengyang left the team, in fact, he was also working for the revolution, the fog of history gradually unraveled, subsequently, He Shengyang was posthumously recognized as a revolutionary martyr, his widow was arranged to work in the Shimen County Cultural Center, and his granddaughter is now the deputy director of the Shimen County Supervision Bureau. The descendants of the revolutionary martyrs have finally lived a happy life for which their ancestors have struggled all their lives, which is enough to comfort the heroic souls of the martyrs in heaven.