Theme Recitation | Yang Lu: The first state-owned enterprise in the Soviet Union

【Issue 2234】

Study well the party's historical | Tell the red story well

Works: The first state-owned enterprise in the Soviet Union | Recitation: Yang Lu

Source: Ruijin Central Revolutionary Base Area Memorial Hall Party Branch

Submission: Organization Department of Ruijin Municipal Party Committee

During the Period of the Soviet Union, there was such a state-owned enterprise that supported half of the finances of the Soviet Union, which was the China Tungsten Mining Company.

One day in the winter of 1931, the people of Ruijin County were talking around a notice posted by the government, which read: "The area of the Soviet Union is full of treasures." Once excavated, the country will be rich and the people will be strong. Military and civilian mining reports are all rewarded. He was signed by Mao Zemin, a member of the Financial and Economic Committee of the Chinese Soviet Republic. At this time, someone said: "The name of Ruijin County is taken from Hopson Ruiqi, digging the ground to get gold, and there must be a lot of underground treasure." Another person took over: "There is a reward for reporting, who does not want to get it, hurry up and find it!"

A few days later, Mao Zemin received a letter from the Red Army and a black shiny stone. The letter said that there was a place called "Tieshan'an" that produced tungsten ore, and that before the Red Army, there were Guangdong merchants who opened mines there, and foreign foreigners said that how much they wanted. Mao Zemin immediately launched an investigation: Gannan is known as the "tungsten capital", and there are hundreds of large and small tungsten ore. Tungsten steel is a key material for the manufacture of firearms, which is very sought-after internationally, and foreigners and local warlords monopolize the acquisition of tungsten ore. If the Red Army had mastered strategic materials such as tungsten ore, it would have the cost of bargaining with the Kuomintang area, and it would tear a crack in the blockade line of the Soviet area and bring huge income to the Soviet area.

In the spring of 1932, the China Tungsten Mine Company was established in the Soviet District to lead and organize the production of tungsten ore in the Soviet District. Mao Zemin is also the manager of Tungsten Mining Company. China Tungsten Mining Company is the first "state-owned enterprise" established in the Soviet Union. In order to resume tungsten sand production as soon as possible, Mao Zemin rushed to the Iron Mountain Mine, visited the farmers who would mine to conduct investigations and studies, mobilized more than 500 workers, and formed five squadrons. And adopted to increase wages and benefits to improve the lives of miners; A series of measures such as the unified acquisition of tungsten sand and the expansion of incentive production have greatly increased the output of tungsten sand in the Soviet Area, from the original annual output of 648 tons of tungsten sand to 1800 tons.

Although tungsten sand can be mined normally, sales are a big problem. At that time, many military and political leaders of the Kuomintang had their own business. Mao Zemin then sent people to Ganzhou City to contact the trade mall they operated. The Guangdong warlord Chen Jitang not only fried gold, but also collected tungsten sand. When he heard that there was a new way to make a fortune, he was overjoyed and immediately sent his cronies to negotiate secretly with the representatives of the Soviet union.

Mao Zemin also came to Ganzhou City and personally deployed the export of tungsten sand. Taking advantage of the Guangdong army's idea of rushing to get rich, after several rounds of bargaining, he forced the price of tungsten sand from the initial 8 pieces of ocean per quintal to nearly 7 times, talking about 52 pieces of ocean! After Chen Jitang started the tungsten sand business in Ganzhou, other Officers of the Guangdong Army also blushed sharply, and Chairman Jiang's instructions had long been forgotten, and they began to buy and sell with the Soviet district, exchanging salt and cloth for tungsten sand and agricultural and sideline products in the Soviet region. The tungsten sand produced by the China Tungsten Mining Company was affixed with a large seal with the word "national defense materials" printed on it, and it was escorted out of the country by the militia in a big way, and returned the much-needed salt, cloth, Western medicine, arms, and silver dollars of white flowers in the base area.

From 1932 to 1934, the China Tungsten Mining Company produced a total of 4193 tons of tungsten sand, which created more than 4 million yuan of revenue for the central finance, becoming the most important economic source in the Soviet Union at that time, a veritable "first state-owned enterprise", and the income from tungsten ore played a huge role in crushing Chiang Kai-shek's economic blockade and enriching the national finance. On the eve of the Long March of the Main Force of the Red Army in October 1934, the China Tungsten Mining Company provided funds to supplement the weapons, uniforms and medicines of the Red Army, and did its best to concentrate its financial resources on the Long March of the Red Army.

Source: Gannan Daily

Editor: Xie Zhongying Proofreader: Peng Fang

Duty Director: Ming Xinwu Editor: Chen Yuxin