2008 is a year destined to go down in history, this year has the southern ice and snow disaster, Wenchuan earthquake and other natural disasters affecting the Chinese people, but there are also Beijing Olympic Games, The Seven Flying Heavens and other world-renowned events. In the same year, a small and insignificant incident occurred in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province—an old building caught fire.
In November of that year, a three-story old building in the compound of the Jiangxi provincial government caught fire, and there was no one in the house, and the firefighters broke the doors and windows, which put out the fire in time. Fortunately, the damage to the room was not serious, only the study was burned down, the rest of the room was only blackened by smoke, and the owner of the old house was living in the hospital at this time, so the fire was not a big hazard.
But the house in the provincial government stunned the firefighters. There is hardly a single piece of decent furniture in the room, and the sofas, tables, chairs, and bookcases are all things from the 1960s and 1970s, and the countless potholes on them seem to tell outsiders about their long history.
The curtains in this house are all colorful and colorful, and if you look closely, they are originally made of various patches. In Nanchang in 2008, it can be said that these furniture thrown on the street may not be picked up.
Firefighters were surprised by this house after extinguishing the fire, how can there be such a broken house in the provincial government compound, even the ordinary workers' families in 2008 will not be so simple, simple, and even shabby.
Some people found some clues in the living room of two old photos that had been blackened, one was a man holding a child, some firefighters recognized him as Chairman Mao's younger brother Mao Zemin, and the other many people did not recognize him, he was actually Fang Zhichun, the brother of martyr Fang Zhimin.
So who is the owner of this house? Now we can reveal the answer, she is a legendary female revolutionary, Chairman Mao's sister-in-law - Zhu Danhua.
Teenagers work hard, diligent and thrifty for home
In 1911, Zhu Danhua was born into an ordinary family in Cixi, Zhejiang Province, whose real name was Yao Xiuxia. Her father was very business-minded, and in that old society, he could ensure that his wife and daughter would not worry about eating and drinking. But as his wife gave birth one after another, Zhu Danhua eventually had ten brothers and sisters, and she was the second eldest.
Due to the increase in children, the family's expenses suddenly increased, there was no way, in order to be able to support the whole family, her father cooperated with others and went to Shanghai to open a dirt cloth shop.
But the shanghai ten mile yangchang that eats people and does not spit bones is as good as doing business in Cixi County, and her father has no backstage to support him, nor is he willing to invite food and drink, and soon the ditu cloth shop fell into an operational crisis and faced the danger of closing down and leaving. It was also his childhood in old Shanghai that let Zhu Danhua know light and darkness, good and evil.
On one side is the smell of Zhumen wine, and on the other side, there are frozen bones on the road. On the one hand, there are the foreigners of the concession who look arrogant and fly, and on the other hand, the low-level people who have been oppressed and have experienced hardships. At this time, Zhu Danhua had already realized that such a life should not be, but she did not have the courage to embark on the road of revolution at this time.
In 1925, Zhu Danhua graduated from elementary school. Life at home deteriorated, and she could not get support for attending middle school, so she worked hard to study and was admitted to Shanghai Wuben Girls' High School, a free girls' high school in Shanghai.
Not only that, in order to reduce the burden on her family, she studied hard and directly stayed in the school as an outstanding graduate after graduation, which fully proved Zhu Danhua's wisdom and diligence. Perhaps Zhu Danhua should have lived such an ordinary life for a lifetime, but the arrival of the national disaster caused a huge turn in her life!
After graduating from high school, Zhu Danhua worked for nearly a decade, during which time her salary was given to her parents to subsidize the family and raise her younger siblings. In the past ten years, Zhu Danhua has lived a very calm life on the surface, but the turmoil in the country in the newspapers has often stimulated her heart to serve the country.
She had an urgent impulse to no longer just propagate revolutionary ideas on the podium, but to immediately throw herself into the revolution and work for the independence and prosperity of the country.
But whenever she had these impulses, she had to hold back, otherwise how would her younger siblings live? His father's shop had long since closed, and he could only do some chores, and the huge family burden was that Zhu Danhua did not dare to easily leave his post. But the July 7 Incident changed all that.
He threw himself into the revolution and went to Xinjiang
On July 7, 1937, the Japanese Kou brazenly launched the "July 7 Incident" in a vain attempt to destroy China in three months. In order to save the survival, many college students either throw pens from rong, or learn to serve the country. Zhu Danhua chose the first path, she went to Yan'an.
The Japanese army began to invade China, and after approaching Shanghai, the school was forced to close. Zhu Danhua, who has lost his livelihood, is worried about the food and clothing of his family and feels very confused about the future and destiny of the country. It was at this time that she learned from the letters of her friends about Yan'an, the holy land of revolution.
She read Liberation Weekly, a publication of our Party that propagates revolutionary ideas. After reading this thin magazine, the emotions that had been suppressed in Zhu Danhua's heart for more than ten years finally broke out, and she knew that now that her younger brothers and sisters had begun to grow up, she should not only take care of her own small family, but also run for the big "family" of these forty million people.
She wrote to her classmates already in Yan'an, expressing her urgent desire to join the revolution, in which he wrote: "Like all enthusiastic young people, I yearn for Yan'an, the holy land of revolution, and please allow me to leave organizationally." ”
Zhu Danhua overcame all hardships, and before leaving Shanghai, she bid farewell to her elderly parents who were tearful and determined to make contributions to the nation and the country. She traveled to many places due to the war, and by November 1937, when the bone-chilling wind had blown in Yan'an, she finally arrived here.
Zhu Danhua, who arrived in Yan'an, was enrolled in the Northern Shaanxi Public School, which gathered aspiring revolutionary youth from various regions. Here, Zhu Danhua systematically studied the guiding ideology of Marxism, and many of the problems that had puzzled her in the past were solved, and she gradually had hopes for the fate of the country and the nation.
With her excellent performance, she was approved to join the Chinese Communist Party three months later and became a full party member, which has to be said to be the result of her efforts. After her study career at Shaanxi North Public School, she was assigned to Xinjiang Dihua Girls' High School as the director of secondary school teaching.
Before leaving Yan'an, she gave herself a new name, Zhu Danhua. This name is taken from the sentence "Sun and Moon Light Hua, Dan Fudan Xi" in the "Shang Shu Da Biography and Yu Xia Biography" (the word "Fudan" of Fudan University is also taken from this poem), which is intended to be self-improvement and tenacious struggle. Since then, Zhu Danhua has begun her new revolutionary career.
Hard fighting, losing what you love
During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Xinjiang was under the control of the warlord Sheng Shicai, who was an out-and-out wall-riding faction, who on the one hand was close to our Party and thus gained benefits from the Soviet Union; on the other hand, he was in a position to leave Chiang Kai-shek's Kuomintang at once, did not fall out, and nominally did not oppose it.
At that time, the Communists did not know who Sheng Shi was, but no one shirked for the cause of the revolution.
Soon after taking office, Zhu Danhua edited and distributed progressive publications such as "Xinjiang Women" as a member of the Communist Party to publicize revolutionary ideas; at the same time, she vigorously promoted the movement to liberate women, so that the people in rural and pastoral areas gradually understood the idea of equality between men and women; at the most critical time of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, she vigorously organized teachers and students throughout the school to rehearse dramas, collected donations for performances on the streets, and finally donated a plane to the front line of the War of Resistance.
During this time, she successively served as the director of Propaganda in Xinjiang and the chairman of the Provincial Women's Association, and Zhu Danhua made rapid progress on the revolutionary road, and as long as she identified things, she did not do anything bad.
During her time in Xinjiang, she also met her first husband, Mao Zemin, the economic talent of the early days of our party and chairman Mao's younger brother.
At a financial meeting, Zhou Bin, then director of the Finance Department, proposed a socialist fiscal policy, and others on the scene found it very difficult and difficult to implement. So many people said the reason, similar to what Xinjiang conditions are special, ethnic, religious and other situations are complex, and close to the Soviet Union, close to the Middle East, Central Asia and other countries the external environment is also very complicated.
Zhou Bin was silent and waited for them to finish speaking, but at this moment, Zhu Danhua stood up and made a loud speech: "Everyone is right, but as a communist, I know that there are difficulties and I must solve them." As for the ethnic policy, I think..." Her bold speech and clear logic impressed many people present, including Zhou Bin, director of the Department of Finance.
Who is this Zhou Bin? In fact, Zhou Bin is a pseudonym, and he is Mao Zemin, Chairman Mao's brother.
Not long after, Deng Fa, the representative of our party in Xinjiang, came to Zhu Danhua, and he said very easily: "Xiao Zhu, you are also in your twenties, as the saying goes, men should marry, women should marry, do you have any plans to find an object?" ”
At this time, Zhu Danhua was already twenty-eight or nine years old, and in that era, he was indeed not small, and it was time to solve the major events of his life. But at this time, Zhu Danhua was preoccupied with revolutionary work, and had no time to take care of personal feelings, and she shook her head silently.
"Xiao Zhu, I know you definitely have your ideas, but there is certainly no harm in the female comrades getting married early." If you find a partner, you must be strong in character and politics. ”
Deng Fa paused, "How do you see Director Zhou?" I tell you, he is actually Chairman Mao's brother, Mao Zemin. ”
"It was so," Zhu Danhua suddenly realized. In fact, she has great admiration for Mao Zemin's ability and character, but she has not yet considered the issue of personal feelings. However, after such a match by Deng Fa (the marriage and love of people in that era mainly relied on people's introductions to match), the relationship between Mao Zemin and Zhu Danhua became closer and closer, and soon after the two finally achieved a marriage.
In May 1940, the two held a Western-style wedding in the auditorium of the Xinjiang Provincial Government, without a banquet or a gift, but only with the blessings of friends and comrades. The following year, Mao Yuan was born, and Zhu Danhua must have been immersed in beautiful joy and joy, but what she did not know was that a huge disaster was coming.
On June 22, 1941, Germany blitzed the Soviet Union, the largest and most tragic Soviet-German war in human history broke out, at this time the Soviet Union was no longer able to give Sheng Shicai benefits, and naturally the Communists were "of little use" to Sheng Shicai.
At the same time, Chiang Kai-shek stepped up his efforts to woo Sheng Shicai, and eventually Sheng Shicai defected and arrested more than a hundred comrades, including Mao Zemin, Zhu Danhua, Deng Fa, and Fang Zhichun, and Di Hua set off a bloody storm.
Although Mao Zemin and others were arrested and tortured repeatedly, they always refused to sign perjury, which made Sheng Shicai very angry, and Mao Zemin also encouraged his comrades-in-arms many times in prison: "Fight to the end, never surrender!" ”
In prison, Mao Zemin once said to his good comrade-in-arms Fang Zhichun: "For the sake of the revolution, your brother Fang Zhimin, my younger brother Mao Zeqin, your sister-in-law Yang Kaihui and sister Mao Zejian all died. If you can return to Yan'an smoothly, please help me tell my brother Mao Zedong: I am worthy of being a Communist Party member in this life. ”
Fang Zhichun was touched by Mao Zemin's fearlessness and bravery, and he also took care of his family for this good comrade-in-arms for half his life.
On September 27, 1943, Sheng Shicai ordered the hanging of Mao Zemin and others. Mao Zemin and three other martyrs were killed and unfortunately sacrificed.
At the time of Mao Zemin's death, Zhu Danhua had just been married to him for three years, and their child, Mao Yuanxin, had just turned two years old. In the face of her husband's death, Zhu Danhua dried her tears and could not return to the deceased, but her lover Mao Zemin's enthusiasm and loyalty to the revolution remained in her heart forever.
For the more than a hundred comrades arrested in Xinjiang, the Party Central Committee has also been trying to find ways to rescue them. Finally, under the mediation of the team led by Premier Zhou, on June 10, 1946, three years after Mao Zemin's sacrifice, all 131 comrades were released and regained their freedom.
Tie the knot again, and accompany it for life
The most difficult thing in life is to leave life and death, and Zhu Danhua, who died with her husband, returned to Yan'an with her son Mao Yuanxin, who was not yet 7 years old. She turned grief into strength and put all her thoughts on revolutionary work.
When she worked at the Central Women's Committee in Yan'an, she was tired of going where she went. She can often be seen in the homes of the poorest villagers; she is often ahead of the masses in propaganda work; and she often dares to be the first in the complicated local land reform. Zhu Danhua's work performance made everyone admire her.
In 1947, Chairman Mao gave his nephew Mao Yuanxin a brand-new blanket at his own expense, which was a very precious material in Yan'an at that time, and even Chairman Mao himself was still covered with old quilts. Zhu Danhua knew that Chairman Mao took special care of their mother and son, so he refused to accept the blanket, and finally was repeatedly persuaded by everyone to finally accept the gift.
This blanket witnessed Mao Yuanxin's transformation from a young man who had just walked, and witnessed the beautiful and strong Zhu Danhua becoming a wise old man who had experienced vicissitudes. Until Zhu Danhua's death, this blanket, which had been covered with patches, remained in the same dilapidated wardrobe as it was.
Zhu Danhua's lofty work spirit was touching, but her personal situation worried several elder sisters of the Women's Committee, and a woman had to take her children and do revolutionary work during the war years when materials were scarce.
At that time, many families were reorganized by the widows of martyrs, so Kang Keqing (Zhu De's wife), Yang Zhihua (Qu Qiubai's widow) and other elder sisters tried their best to broker Zhu Danhua to form a new family.
Coincidentally, at the end of the Battle of The River Crossing, Zhu Danhua's old comrade-in-arms Fang Zhichun was ordered to work in the south, and he came to see Zhu Danhua before leaving. Fang Zhichun was a good friend of Mao Zemin and Zhu Danhua, and his original wife Lou Manwen and Zhu Danhua were also close friends, but unfortunately he later died of illness.
Therefore, Fang Zhichun and Zhu Danhua are both alone, and Fang Zhichun is about to go to the Jiangnan area to work, and it is very likely that he will never see Zhu Danhua again, so he specially came to see him. And Zhu Danhua also knew Fang Zhichun's thoughts in her heart, but she herself could not overcome that hurdle.
Fang Zhichun was very anxious because he was about to go to the south to work, and he knew that once he missed this opportunity, his fate with Zhu Danhua would end without a problem.
In this regard, several elder sisters who looked at zhu Danhua were also worried about Zhu Danhua, obviously they were both comrades-in-arms and comrades, working and studying together for many years, and the two sides also had an emotional basis, but they could not be together because of some old ideas, and the elder sisters went to battle to persuade them.
Sister Kang Keqing said to Zhu Danhua: "Now, many female comrades in our women's federation have sacrificed their lives for the revolution, but they are forced to remarry others because of old ideas. You are a relatively young comrade, and not only should you not have ideological baggage, but you should take the lead in breaking these feudal ideas. ”
Kang Keqing was affectionate and moved by reason, and Sister Cai Chang said more directly: "XiaoHua, what are you waiting for?" Comrade Mao Zemin is a very great comrade, but he sacrificed, and Comrade Mao Zemin cannot come back! ”
Under the strong persuasion of everyone, Zhu Danhua finally gradually opened the door of his heart, and He Had a deeper feeling with Fang Zhichun, and the two of them had long-term contact and spent the most difficult time in captivity together, and now the two had very similar ideas in work and life, and finally slowly came together.
June 1, 1949, happened to be the Dragon Boat Festival of this year. The surrounding sisters and Zhu Danhua made an important decision together, and the two of them were ripe to get married before the founding of New China.
So with the help of everyone, Zhu Danhua called Fang Zhichun, who was in Jiangnan, and the two held a simple and lively wedding, and since then they have become a couple who have been together for life, and the two of them have been together for 44 years, until the moment when Fang Zhichun's life ended.
From the perspective of people now, love in the revolutionary era is really vigorous and ordinary. Soon after, the two of them took a train to Jiangxi.
Hard and simple, two sleeves breeze
On September 30, 1949, Shicheng, the last largest city in Jiangxi, was liberated, which announced the liberation of Jiangxi Province. At this time, Zhu Danhua had been in Jiangxi to carry out the work of the Women's Federation for more than two months. In 1951, Zhu Danhua returned to Beijing with his son, and it happened that Chairman Mao and his nephew had a very happy chat, and later stayed with Chairman Mao.
Zhu Danhua has maintained the same style of work in the local area for decades: "Hard work and simplicity, honesty and honesty." Her lover Comrade Fang Zhichun has successively served as the number one in the party, government and military in Jiangxi Province, and she herself is also a leader in women's work in Jiangxi, but the "destitution" of the couple is well known to everyone.
Zhu Danhua often said to the comrades around him: "Now the victory of the revolution is bought with the blood of martyrs, and we are still very poor in many places. For Fang Zhichun's salary donation to his hometown Yiyang County to build a reservoir and other good things, Zhu Danhua raised his hands in approval.
Zhu Danhua, who experienced ups and downs in his later years, even played the four words of "hardship and simplicity" to the extreme. Since 2000, Jiangxi has built a number of welfare houses for old cadres, as long as a small amount of money can be distributed to spacious and bright houses, many people laugh too late, but Zhu Danhua refused.
In October 2005, the elderly Zhu Danhua wrote to the province to express his willingness not to need this house, which included the following original words: "Recently, I learned that the provincial party committee wants to provide new houses for some old comrades, including me, at a low price, and I understand and thank the provincial party committee for its concern and care for these old comrades", "While I am still clear in my mind, I officially make it clear to the leaders: I do not want to buy a new house, please leave this indicator to those old comrades who need it more than me!" At the same time, I also asked the leadership to supervise and not allow any relatives to use this indicator in my name. ”
The last sentence of this letter is the backbone of the life of an old communist party member: "This is a decision I made after serious consideration. It is also the will of an old Communist Party member of mine. ”
At that time, after many people heard Zhu Danhua's letter, they all sighed that many leaders and the masses in Jiangxi made high praise for Zhu Danhua: "A true communist! ”
In her later years, Zhu Danhua was very low-key, but it was unfortunate that her home caught fire in 2008 when she was hospitalized in the hospital, but a person who had entered her old house wrote the article "Heart Tremor Caused by a Fire".
The "Lizi" of the residence of a cadre at the level of the main department can be described as "extremely simple", and even the ordinary people are far inferior. Many netizens in Jiangxi were impressed by the high wind and bright festival of the elderly Zhu Danhua, and many people commented on the elderly Zhu Danhua: "Don't forget your original heart, you are a person with capital letters!" ”
As the martyr Fang Zhimin wrote in his book "Qing Poverty": "Poverty alleviation, a pure and simple life is exactly where we revolutionaries can overcome many difficulties!" Zhu Danhua made the people of one side truly understand what a "poor revolutionary" is and what a "legendary revolutionary" is!
On May 29, 2010, Zhu Danhua died in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, at the age of 99, and her legendary life came to an end, and she left us. But did she really leave us? Her courage, her love, her spirit, and the precious spiritual wealth left behind by her nearly 100 years of revolutionary career will forever shine in the land of China and even in human civilization to inspire future generations!
Taking this article, I pay tribute to the legendary female revolutionary Zhu Danhua, the spirit of the older generation of revolutionaries will never be outdated, forever immortal!