In the early days of the founding of New China, it was an era of suppression of bandits, when millions of bandits were entrenched in all directions of China, killing, burning, looting, committing all kinds of evil deeds, and even daring to directly attack local government garrisons, causing great losses to the party and the people.
But most of these bandits didn't get a good ending.
From 1949 to the end of 1953, the party and the government carried out a vigorous campaign to suppress bandits, killing, injuring and capturing more than 2.6 million bandits.
Most of the bandits were killed on the battlefield or sentenced to death.
Today we are going to talk about such a "giant bandit" - Usman
This giant bandit is not ordinary, not only does he himself look like a tiger with a bear's waist and a fierce face, but he also has thousands of elite soldiers under his hands, in addition, he has been traversing the northwest for decades, and the ordinary people in Xinjiang who have died under his hands are countless.
However, such a giant bandit, a humble bandit, in the end can not escape the sanctions of the People's Liberation Army, and the People's Liberation Army for several rounds, Wu Siman was captured alive, after being sentenced to death by the government, this giant bandit no longer has the fierce appearance of the past, and his favorite thing has become to use the time of the wind to pray every day.
Usmanqi: The leader of the Asak tribe and the "commander-in-chief of the anti-communist forces in Xinjiang"
Said
Usman, who was born at the end of the 19th century, was born to ordinary Herdsmen of the Kazakh ethnic group in Xinjiang's Asan region
From an early age, Usman was as proficient in horseback riding and herding as the children of other nomadic families, and the difference with other children was that he grew extremely strong, and at a young age he was as strong as an adult man.
At the same time, he grew up listening to the stories of Kazakhs and other nomadic heroes, and he greatly admired Genghis Khan and others, and he aspired to become Genghis Khan of the Kazakh people, eager to lead his people to grow and develop.
Supposedly, the Kazakhs of that era,
Ordinary herders like Usman are difficult to "survive", because the power of the clan is in the hands of the nobles who have been passed down from generation to generation.
However, in the chaotic era of the early 20th century, Wusman, who had been strong and ambitious since childhood, had the opportunity to show his sharpness.
Xinjiang at that time
Altay
It is a multi-ethnic mixed state, Kazakhs, Hui, Uyghurs, Han chinese, etc. have residents living here, but the Kazakhs account for the largest proportion, more than 60,000 people in this area, the Kazakhs have about 51,000 people, so the actual ruler here has always been the Kazakh nobles, Kazakh nobles have a high prestige here.
In 1937, Sheng Shicai, the "King of Xinjiang", who ruled Xinjiang, gave a large number of people in order to divide the ethnic minorities and strengthen their rule in Xinjiang
Altai
The upper echelons fabricated charges of "conspiracy to riot" and arrested him, a move that caused panic among ethnic Kazakhs.
The Soviet Union at that time was also right
Eyeing
In 1939, with the support of the Soviet Union, Sheng Shicai directly framed the then
The leader, Sharifu Khan, was "anti-government, anti-Soviet" and issued an arrest warrant for him.
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A series of acts of terror have been committed.
This caused resentment among the Kazakh people, and the following year, riots finally broke out.
This riot also gave Usman the opportunity to show his hands and feet, and he actively participated in the riot.
He was also given the position of managing the food of the team, but the rebellion was suppressed by Sheng Shicai, and Usman could only take advantage of the chaos to lead his own people and brothers to flee to the Haje region, and from then on, he officially fell into the grass.
During this period, the ferocity of Usman's body was fully exerted, and he led his people to frantically plunder the herders in this area, and gave his men the power to kill, with this fierceness and the intensity of plunder, Usman's power grew stronger and stronger, reaching the size of hundreds of people.
In the autumn of 1941, Usman led the tribe and other rioting teams to besiege the county seat of Kirktohai, and made a great contribution
After the riot, he was awarded the title of "Batur" (warrior) by the Kazakhs.
In 1942, Usman led his troops to participate in the second riot, but this riot was quickly suppressed by Sheng Shicai, and the riot suffered heavy losses, and Usman once again luckily led a small number of people and horses to escape, living a life of burning and looting and accumulating energy.
Soon, he led his troops to defeat the Mongol cavalry that Sheng Shicai had come to encircle and suppress them, and this battle became his famous battle, in which he often took the lead in the battle, rushing to the enemy's machine gun position with his flesh and blood, and killing the enemy with cold weapons.
After this war, usman's reputation gradually spread among the Kazakhs, and many people regarded him as a national hero.
More and more people came to defect to him, and gradually became the leader of the Kazakh side.
However, what really makes Usman rise is the support of third-party forces.
In 1943, the Soviet government turned its face to support Usman because of its interests and prosperity, and Usman obtained a large number of guns and ammunition.
In that era, with guns, there was naturally no shortage of people and horses, and the power of Usman expanded wildly, and constantly opposed the prosperous world.
Soon, Usman and other Kazakh leaders jointly established the Altay Kazakh Revival Committee, and Usman became a veritable Kazakh leader, and his personal power entered its heyday.
During this period, Usman led the clan to repel the encirclement and suppression of Sheng Shicai's army many times, and his arrogance became more and more arrogant, and his soldiers and horses expanded to nearly 2,000 people.
At the beginning of 1949, the Kuomintang had already achieved a situation of inevitable defeat, at this time, General Tao Zhiyue, who was the commander of the Kuomintang xinjiang garrison army, decided to revolt and peacefully hand over the Xinjiang regime to the hands of the People's Liberation Army, but there were still many diehards in Xinjiang, who stubbornly resisted, and Wu Siman, a giant bandit, naturally belonged to this rank, and he even planned to use force to completely beat the People's Liberation Army out of Xinjiang and establish an independent state in Xinjiang.
Naturally, this matter could not be hidden from the eyes of the Kuomintang agents, and after they reported the matter to Chiang Kai-shek,
Chiang Kai-shek, indignant at Tao Zhiyue's "soft bones," also appointed Usman in the form of a telegram as the anti-communist commander-in-chief in Xinjiang.
The purpose of giving the Wusmans and guns is obvious, that is, to make Xinjiang completely chaotic and not to make the Communist Party feel better.
At this time, the Americans also took the opportunity to participate, wanting to make Xinjiang's water pool more mixed, the US deputy consul in Xinjiang, Maknan, went to The Umen's station many times, fooled the Umen anti-communist, in Xinjiang to build a country, the two reached an agreement that "the United States fully supports Usman, Usman fully opposes communism and anti-Soviet", and since then the US dollars and advanced weapons have been continuously sent to the Umen garrison.
At this point, Wu Siman, a Kazakh strong man with a low level of education and mediocre origin, stood on another peak in his life, and at this time he was full of ambition and planned to move towards the new goal of "King of Xinjiang".
The End of the Giant Bandits: The People's Liberation Army swept away Wusman in one year
On September 25, 1949, General Tao Zhiyue officially electrified the whole country and announced the peaceful liberation of Xinjiang.
In early October, the People's Liberation Army, led by General Wang Zhen, entered Xinjiang in batches by air, vehicle and foot.
In early November, the first batch of the People's Liberation Army officially entered Dihua, the capital of Xinjiang at that time, and in the following months, the People's Liberation Army continued to enter Xinjiang and continuously take over the defense areas of the former Kuomintang troops, which greatly stabilized the situation in Xinjiang.
During this period, Usman still held a tentative attitude towards the People's Liberation Army, and the People's Liberation Army was sending people to discuss with Usman
During the peaceful liberation, Usman was once very active, and even took the initiative to send his own brother to the PLA garrison to discuss with the PLA.
As for usman and other reactionary forces, the first principle of the PLA is still to hope to promote a peaceful settlement, while for Usman, the conditions set by the PLA are very high --
After the peaceful liberation, Usman remained in office
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and can play a greater role in Xinjiang affairs, but the premise of this condition is that the armed forces under Usman will be disarmed.
It should be garrisoned by the People's Liberation Army.
For a reckless hero like Usman, the army is his life, and it is unbearable for Usman to want to seize his military power.
Therefore, while continuing to negotiate with the representatives of the Communist Party, Wu Si man silently recruited diehards and ethnic separatists in the Kuomintang army to expand the armament war.
In his heart, he still did not attach too much importance to the People's Liberation Army, he thought that the People's Liberation Army was like the Kuomintang army, since he could lead his men to attack the Kuomintang army, then he could also attack the People's Liberation Army, and Wu Si was full of confidence and ready to do a big job.
In February 1950, Usman, who was consciously well prepared, finally could not resist moving, and he led more than 3,000 well-equipped bandits under his command, and mobilized more than 20,000 Kazakh herders to launch an armed uprising in Xinjiang, which began to be fierce and spread rapidly, spreading to the entire eastern Xinjiang region in more than a month.
The rebel army is extremely brutal, and they indiscriminately massacre people other than their own people,
Everywhere they went, they carried out bloodbaths and massacres in towns and cities at the slightest displeasure, many innocent people were brutally killed, and the military and political personnel stationed in the places where the People's Liberation Army was stationed were the focus of their attacks.
The riot was echoed by a number of small Kuomintang units, including several units that had declared an uprising and surrendered to the People's Liberation Army.
These rebels killed the political workers sent by the People's Liberation Army to the troops, and began to burn and loot.
In April of the same year, Usman led his men to ambush a convoy of the 16th PLA Division, which was completely destroyed because of the enemy's outnumbered and disparity in strength, including the deputy division commander Luo Shaowei, who went to the front line to inspect.
The rebellion grew larger and larger, the number of rebels reached nearly 100,000, completely destroyed the social order in Xinjiang, and the leader of the Xinjiang People's Liberation Army, Commander Wang Zhen, was furious and determined to send troops to completely eliminate Usman.
As early as March of the same year, the Xinjiang General Headquarters for Suppressing Bandits was established.
Wang Zhen was appointed as the commander-in-chief, and all the large armies were mobilized in an orderly manner to form a siege against the rebels.
At the beginning of April, Usman and another bandit leader, Dr. Yao Le, gathered at Hongliu Gorge to discuss things, and this time Wusman brought almost half of the main army of nearly 4,000 elites stationed here, this information was not known to the PLA at first, but soon after, the PLA found that the direction of the enemy's retreat was Hongliu Gorge after engaging a small group of rebels, so the bandit headquarters judged that there must be a large enemy in Hongliu Gorge, and ordered the PLA here to wait for the opportunity to annihilate the enemy.
On April 14, when the PLA concentrated four battalions of troops to encircle the Hongliu Gorge in two ways, the weather in Xinjiang changed suddenly, the snow like goose feathers fell for a whole day and night, and the temperature plummeted to minus thirty degrees, at that time most of the soldiers of the Xinjiang People's Liberation Army were wearing thin cotton clothes, and many people were frostbitten.
But such weather is also the most relaxed moment for the enemy, the officers and men of the People's Liberation Army carry forward the spirit of hard struggle, quietly sneak into the enemy's position against the severe cold and heavy snow, the next morning, the People's Liberation Army and the enemy sentry met, the battle officially began, and the bandits who were still immersed in the cheerful atmosphere of Juyi were startled by the PLA like a heavenly soldier landing, and quickly picked up the guys to prepare for battle.
However, in this battle, the People's Liberation Army taught these bandits a good lesson, and at the moment when the bandits were fighting separately, the People's Liberation Army had already made arrangements to divide and encircle them, and even more a heroic cavalry directly entered the camp where Wu Si man was alive, and Wu Si Man and Dr. Yao Le saw that there was no arrogance at all, and they hurriedly beckoned the guards to abscond.
After Usman fled, his subordinates had no heart for the army, and after a while they surrendered to the People's Liberation Army.
In this battle, the People's Liberation Army killed more than 100 bandits, captured more than 4,000 people, and captured countless guns, ammunition, cattle, sheep and horses, but the bandit command was not satisfied with the results of this battle, because it did not capture Usman.
After this battle, Usman was seriously injured and began to lie dormant, and the People's Liberation Army adopted the strategy of encircling Andsman without fighting, concentrating all its efforts to deal with other bandits and rebels, and in the next two months,
Other rebels in Xinjiang, such as Dr. Yao Le's department, were suppressed one after another, and the situation in Xinjiang was cleared, and then the People's Liberation Army began to deal with Usman with all its might.
On May 14, the Platon Army soldiers surrounded and suppressed the old nest of Wusman in three ways, and the battle was quite smooth.
In just a few days, the battle was won, killing nearly a hundred people, capturing nearly a thousand people, liberating countless controlled herders, and basically eliminating the Usmanbu.
The fly in the ointment was that Usman escaped again, but by this time there were only a few hundred of his men left, and Usman was forced to embark on the road of escape from the end of the world.
In the following months, the People's Liberation Army surrounded and blocked Usman all the way, and Usman's strength gradually decreased to dozens of people.
The days of fleeing all day inspired Wu Siman's desire to survive, and he miraculously crossed the snowy mountains and fled into the territory of Qinghai.
The soldiers of the People's Liberation Army were also very tired of using the full slip, and several fighters died on the pursuit road due to natural factors such as severe cold.
However, the Skynet was restored without leakage, the cavalry of the People's Liberation Army finally caught up with Usman and others in February 1951, the final battle was quite difficult, the numbers of the two sides were almost equal, under the desire to survive, the bandits revealed their fierce faces one by one, causing great trouble to our army, and in the chaos, Usman quietly escaped again.
However, this time he was not lucky again, after the pursuing troops clerk Kong Qingyun discovered this situation, he immediately rode on his own fast horse and pursued Wusman alone, and after being chased by Kong Qingyun, Wusman and Kong Qingyun launched a fierce hand-to-hand combat.
In the end, Kong Qingyun narrowly won a move, stabbed Wu Siman with a bayonet, and captured him alive.
At this point, the Usmanbu was completely destroyed.
The last days of the bandits: repentance, fear, but also too late
The news of Wusman's arrest spread instantly, and the military and people in Xinjiang were all excited.
At the same time, the people of Xinjiang, who were fed up with the persecution of the Wusmanbu and hated him, jointly requested the execution of Usman, which can be described as the people's excitement.
But the People's Liberation Army is a law-abiding force, and Wang Zhen and others have demanded that Wu Siman be interrogated layer by layer and sentenced publicly.
During the interrogation, Usman was very stubborn, and despite the persuasion of our personnel, he refused to admit his crimes and confessed to others who were involved in the rebellion but were not tried.
However, although Wu Siman's mouth was hard, but his heart was panicked, according to the PLA soldiers who were watching Wu Siman, Wu Si man completely lost his former aura after being arrested, and every day after that he was depressed, and his face was like dead ash, and the deep eyes that were shining with god were no longer in the light, and this strong man was still afraid of death after all.
After seeing Usman's stubbornness, the bandit command decided to publicly approve and execute Usman in the near future.
But for humanitarian reasons, he agreed to Usman's request to pray every day in the last days of his life, and even promised him to go to the prison playground to let the wind blow during the prayer time.
So after that, in the playground of this prison, Usman would appear once or twice a day, and each time he would walk slowly on the playground with heavy chains, and often kneel down to pray to the gods, but at this time, no god could save him, and the time for Usman to kneel and pray became shorter and shorter in the daily prayers, and the fear of death and regret for the past made him less and less in the heart to pray.
Two months later, the time for public examination and approval finally arrived, and the scene of the trial meeting was placed in the square in front of the Xinjiang Branch of the CPC Central Committee, and tens of thousands of people came to the meeting, and Wang Zhen and other leaders of the Xinjiang Bureau and celebrities from all walks of life in Xinjiang also arrived.
At the congress, the judges first read out Usman's crimes, and for each time they read one, the angry voices of the crowd below became louder, and the voice calling for Usman's execution was like a landslide like a tsunami, and Usman was frightened by this roar, trembling and shrinking into a ball, and at the last moment of his life, the fear he had been holding on to finally broke out.
At the end of the examination, Usman was sentenced to death and executed immediately, and then Usman was escorted to the execution ground.
Soon, several gunshots rang out in the distance, and a generation of giant bandits fell to the ground in response, ending his sinful and unknown life.
After the conference, the people of Xinjiang sang and danced, held a grand parade ceremony, and the scene was like living their most important festival, and the atmosphere was full of happiness everywhere.
Wu Siman's death also announced the complete stabilization of the situation in Xinjiang.
In the following decades, the soldiers of the Xinjiang Construction Corps worked hard, constantly built Xinjiang's economy, and even more maintained the stability and peace in Xinjiang, after this battle, Xinjiang has no large-scale war, and day by day prosperity, pay tribute to the great frontier warriors!