During the Republic of China period, the pattern has been relatively turbulent, so many provinces have been controlled by warlords, and old Chiang kai-shek has no ability to take over. The same is true in Xinjiang, during which several types of warlords appeared, and the idea of these warlords was relatively simple, that is, to control the entire region and influence the Fengyuan soldiers, and the revolutionary will was not too strong. Sheng Shicai, on the other hand, was the last warlord in Xinjiang, and he had close relations with the Soviet Union, but in the end he completely fell to the old Chiang clique.
Born in 1892 in a landlord family in Liaoning, he had a very good family from an early age, so that he had already thought about learning at a young age. In 1917, he went to Japan to study, during the May Fourth Movement he actively returned to China to participate in the struggle, and then was admitted to the Lecture Martial Arts Hall, after graduation to serve in the Fengjun, won the appreciation and recognition of Guo Songling, and was also sponsored to the Japanese Military University, but in 1925 Guo Songling rebelled, he deliberately returned to China to assist, and after failure, he went to Japan to continue his studies.
In 1927, he returned from his studies, and in 1929 he became the director of the first department of the General Staff Headquarters, and for him from the class, he was only a section member, which was obviously not what he thought, and he longed to achieve a high position and have more achievements. In the autumn of 1929, the chairman of Xinjiang, Jin Shuren, recruited talents, and he was very surprised after listening to it, after all, he was a high-achieving student in Japan, and Jin Shuren was a literati, at this time his heart was already thinking about how to seize power, so he deliberately became acquainted with Lu Xiaozu and came to Xinjiang under his introduction.
However, Jin Shuren believes more in the use of people, he is a Gansu native, the core confidant is still a Hezhou person, although he recruits talents, but in fact, in order to expand his own strength, it is better to kill Gansu earlier. Lu Xiaozu was very embarrassed, and he spent a long time from it before he sought a position for Sheng, but Jin Shuren was obsessed with his status as a Nanjing officer, believing that he had bad intentions, so he never reused it.
However, his talent saved him, and a few months later, Jin Shuren couldn't find a suitable instructor candidate, which made him a tactical instructor, after all, he was the only talent from Xinjiang, who wouldn't he look for? When he was training elite soldiers, he also developed his own forces and carried out various kinds of co-optation for these students. After the 1931 civil uprising, he was appointed chief of staff and defeated the enemy in one fell swoop, thus making his prestige in the army higher. In 1932, Ma Zhongying led his troops to attack the southern Xinjiang region, Sheng was appointed as the commander-in-chief, and in dozens of battles, he has maintained an undefeated record, and his prestige in Xinjiang has increased greatly for a time.
In just two years, he has become a highly reputable person in Xinjiang. After the "April Revolution" of 1933, on April 14, he was elected as a temporary supervisor and began the journey of "King of Xinjiang". However, although he was the boss of Xinjiang, the Soviet side had been coveting this land at this time, and the "naturalized army" did not obey his management. In politics, Mr. Kim's old subordinates still hold important positions.
In the face of this change, he is the "three fires" of the new official, the first is to eliminate the people of hostile political views and put the government in the military command post, the second is to unify the military power and eliminate the naturalized army, and the third is to seize the fruits of the revolution and kill other heroes. However, the reason why his "three fires" burned so vigorously was that he received foreign aid and support, that is, the Soviet Union.
At that time, Japan and Britain wanted to intervene in Xinjiang, and the Soviet Union naturally wanted to share a piece of the pie, and after learning that Sheng Shicai was pro-Soviet, it gave him great support, and Stalin gave money and materials to expand his strength, and helped him eliminate the prestigious Ma Jiajun, thus ensuring his great power.
During this period, Sheng Shicai comprehensively carried out a pro-Soviet policy, and Yan'an also sent many talents to Xinjiang and established the Eighth Route Army Office, and Sheng Shicai also sent out leather coats and machine guns to receive the remnants of the Western Route Army, which also became a transit station for the CONNECTION between the CPC and the Soviet Union. Sheng Shicai also proposed to join the party, and the CCP naturally welcomed it, but in the end Stalin rejected his application.
He knew Stalin's ideas, visited the Soviet Union himself, and secretly joined the CPSU. In November 1940, he signed an agreement with the Soviet Union that seriously violated China's sovereignty. However, after the outbreak of the Soviet-German war, due to the frequent defeats of the Soviet Union in the early stage, his heart was shaken, and he had the idea of defecting to the old Chiang Kai-shek.
At this time, old Chiang Kai-shek had long hated his traitorous behavior, which made Ma Jiajun frequently look for trouble, and in this case, he offered to join the nationalist army and hunted down a large number of progressive people, causing heavy losses to our party, severing diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union, and crushing the Soviet Union's annexation ambitions. But Old Chiang did not trust him and sent the Central Army over to empty his military power. On September 11, 1944, he was forced to leave Xinjiang and pulled fifty carts of gold jewelry as he walked, but was snatched up by Ma Jiajun.
After that, the crisis in Xinjiang was lifted, and the prosperity of his old age was tragic, and he died of illness in 1970 at the age of seventy-eight!
References: "Fifty Years of Xinjiang", "Restoring prosperous talents: Making Xinjiang Completely Classified into the Republic of China"