In 1926, the Swedish scholar Bergman went to the Xinjiang region to look for Juyan Hanjian, but encountered a snowstorm on the way, and finally found a special brick to burn for warmth, and finally survived the risk. What's going on here? What would be the special brick that Bergman used? If you want to know, let Xiaobian reveal the secret for you:
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In 1926, the Chinese Academic Association in Beijing and the Swedish scholars, led by archaeologists led by Bergmann, formed a northwest scientific expedition to Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Xinjiang, Ningxia and other places to conduct a comprehensive investigation of astronomy, geography, cultural relics, historical sites, terroir, and folk customs. The expedition was quite large and can be called a milestone in the history of mainland archaeology. Speaking of this, some readers may wonder, why should the archaeological work on the mainland start from the northwest region? Originally, the climatic conditions in the northwest of the mainland were very special, with drought and little rain, and a very dry climate, so the preservation of cultural relics was very good.
In the course of this archaeology, Bergman discovered the famous "Juyan Hanjian" at the epicenter. Juyan Hanjian has extremely high historical value for the study of the document archive system and political system of the Han Dynasty on the mainland, and historians have praised it as one of the "four major discoveries" of China's archival circles in the 20th century. According to archaeologists of later generations, if we can fully understand the situation of Juyan Hanjian in all aspects, we must first understand the situation of the Juyan Fortress of the Great Wall of the Han Dynasty, so the archaeological work of cultural relics in the northwest is still a long way to go.
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When the Swedish archaeologist Bergmann led the archaeological team to the Juyan area, he lived in a place called Montenegro, which is located in the hinterland of Xinjiang, the climate change is very obvious, the archaeologists have been overdrawn after a long trek, so Professor Bergman decided to rest in place, and took out food and sleeping bags to replenish his strength. But what no one can imagine is that. Just after the team members completely relaxed their spirits, a sudden accident came unexpectedly.
The people of Xinjiang have an old saying called "wear a leather jacket early and wear a yarn at noon, and nibble on watermelon around the stove." The climate changed unusually rapidly, and terrible cold currents began to rage at the archaeological team's station, freezing everyone and shivering. According to Professor Bergman's memoirs, the temperature at that time could almost reach about minus 30 degrees, which could freeze people alive. In this regard, Professor Bergman began to discuss with his assistants that they should continue to live by killing camels and eating camel meat, but they also knew that this move was undoubtedly to quench their thirst, and there was no way to persist for too long. Of course, Professor Bergman did not want to sit still, but he had led people to look for firewood before, but he was injured because of it, and a large group of people were suddenly in a desperate situation.
After the local herders heard that Professor Bergman and his party were in distress, they took the initiative to bring them daily necessities, including some food, blankets and some yellow bricks. Professor Bergman did not understand the role of bricks, so he humbly asked the herdsmen for advice, who knew that the herders found the source of the fire, and then lit the yellow bricks. Strangely, the yellow brick burns very slowly, but it can release a lot of heat energy, bringing light and hope to the archaeological team. What exactly is this strange yellow brick? Originally, it was a kind of sheep dung brick specially made by the locals. As the name suggests, sheep manure brick is a brick made of sheep manure, and its own production method is also very simple, that is, all the sheep manure on the grassland is collected together, and a thick accumulation layer is formed under its own pressure, and then appropriately cut, so that the sheep manure brick is declared to be formed. Local herders like to use sheep dung bricks because they are less difficult to collect and simple to make, which is an ideal fuel for grassland herders.
Sheep dung bricks provide a steady stream of heat energy, Professor Bergman and others, after the cold winter, after the cold wave disappeared, Professor Bergman and his party continued to excavate and explore, and successfully discovered Juyan Hanjian in the Juyan area, successfully writing a miracle in the history of archaeology. As a brief overview of important political, economic, military and scientific culture in the early years of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Juyan Hanjian is undoubtedly the most important archaeological discovery in the Republic of China period, but we cannot forget the merits of sheep dung bricks, because without their appearance, juyan Hanjian's discoveries cannot be mentioned. It can be seen that on the road to extraordinary success, there are still many ordinary.
Reference: Juyan Hanjian by Huang Li published by Xinjiang Publishing House
Wen xiucai, editor-in-chief of Wenlan Hairun Studio, written by: Special history writer: Changshan Zhao Zi worm