As the world's first communist country, the birth and development of the Soviet Union is a real miracle in human history, especially in just 22 years from the brink of national collapse to the number one power in Europe, and its development speed is unprecedented.
So what created the miracle of the rise of the Soviet Union? The History of Quiet Night believes that there are the following points:
1. Relatively strong material accumulation
As the last large-scale adventure of the Tsarist Empire, world war I not only failed to save Tsarist Russia, but dragged Tsarist Russia into the abyss of eternal disaster.
Because of the imminent collapse of Tsarist Russia, it led to the outbreak of the February Revolution, laying the groundwork for the emergence of the October Revolution.
In the imperialist camp, Tsarist Russia was undoubtedly backward, especially when the United States and other countries relied on the second industrial revolution to achieve another leap in productive forces, and although Tsarist Russia liberated serfs early, it was still a semi-feudal autocratic empire.
Although Tsarist Russia did not erupt into strong productivity after the Second Industrial Revolution, the crazy expansion of Tsarist Russia in history laid a solid material foundation for the rise of the Soviet Union after it.
First of all, the huge territory of more than 20 million square kilometers not only provided the Soviet Union with unprecedented strategic depth, but also contained a huge amount of resources, which enabled the Soviet Union to establish an independent and complete industrial system without relying on foreign imported materials.
Secondly, although the development of Tsarist Russia is slow, in the process of development for hundreds of years, it has still carried out a certain degree of industrial and agricultural accumulation, especially the agricultural output ranks among the top three in the world, which provides sufficient impetus for the long-term development of the Post-Soviet Union.
The relatively strong accumulation was an important reason for the rapid rise of the Soviet Union.
2. The great advantages of the social system
The first success of the communist system in Russia is inseparable from Russia's long history of despotism.
After the October Revolution, the Soviet regime continued its autocracy and finally formed a highly centralized planned economic system during Stalin's reign.
Former British Prime Minister Winston Churchill once said: "Stalin was the largest dictator in the world, and when he took over Russia, Russia had only wooden plows, and when he died, Russia had nuclear weapons." ”
The rise of the Soviet Union was inseparable from the planned economic system, and to be precise, it was inseparable from Stalin.
In Lenin's time, Soviet Russia completed the historical task of smashing the old regime and creating a new regime, while repelling the imperialist invasion in three years, helping Soviet Russia through the most difficult period with the New Economic Policy, and finally creating the Soviet Union.
But what really made the Soviet Union great was Stalin, and after Lenin's death, Stalin took charge of the Soviet Union, and the Soviet Union began to gradually deviate from Stalin's orbit.
Under the tight seal of imperialism, the international environment of the Soviet Union has always been very harsh, and the threat of war has never been eliminated.
Against this background, Stalin created a highly centralized Stalin model, at the expense of agriculture, light industry and other fields, giving priority to the development of heavy industry and realizing the industrialization of the Soviet Union.
Facts have proved that it was Stalin's decision that helped the Soviet Union establish a complete industrial system, laid a solid foundation for its subsequent victory in the Great Patriotic War, and pushed the Soviet Union to the throne of The First Power in Europe.
3. A once-in-a-lifetime historical opportunity?
The economic crisis that swept through the capitalist world in 1929 was a great disaster in the history of the development of the capitalist world. But for Suning, it is a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity.
Because the Soviet Union pursued a relatively closed planned economic system, the capitalist global economic crisis did not affect the Soviet Union.
On the contrary, the wave of unemployment caused by the economic crisis caused a large number of technicians to flock to the Soviet Union; and the excess capacity caused by the economic crisis was also absorbed by the Soviet Union.
Relying on the precious opportunity of the economic crisis, the Soviet Union imported a large amount of industrial equipment from the Western world, introduced a large number of engineers and technicians, and its industrial strength was rapidly enhanced. By the eve of the outbreak of World War II in 1939, the Soviet Union had established a complete industrial system and had almost ceased to rely on Western products.
Of course, the rise of the Soviet Union was definitely not achieved by a four-year economic crisis alone, and another opportunity in the process of the Soviet Union becoming a superpower was equally indispensable, that is, World War II.
Although the Soviet Union paid a heavy price of 27 million casualties and a total of 42 million casualties during World War II, the Soviet Union gained more during World War II.
After the outbreak of the Soviet-German War, Britain began to provide a large amount of aid to the Soviet Union; since the victory of moscow's defense, the United States provided large-scale assistance to the Soviet Union with the "Lend-Lease Act", and due to the alliance between the Soviet Union and the Allies such as the United States and Britain, a large number of advanced technologies arrived in the Soviet Union with the aid materials of the Soviet Union.
Of course, what is more important is that at the end of World War II, when the Soviet Union eliminated German fascism, the factory and mining equipment and a large number of German experts in East Germany were transported back to the Soviet Union; when the Soviet army swept through the northeast and eliminated the Japanese Kwantung Army, almost all the industrial factories and mines in puppet Manchukuo were abducted by the Soviet Union.
It was precisely by relying on rich accumulation, a highly centralized planned economic system, and valuable opportunities that could not be sought, that the Soviet Union was able to complete the development height that the Western world could reach for hundreds of years in more than 20 years, and helped the Soviet Union become a superpower comparable to the United States after the end of World War II.
There are many omissions, please axe correction.
I am The History of Quiet Night and look forward to your attention.