Qian Xijun was one of the female Red Army soldiers in the Long March
Qian Xijun, who has long been engaged in underground work in the party, later participated in the world-famous 25,000-mile Long March of the Red Army, and was one of the 30 female fighters in the Long March of the Central Soviet District of Jiangxi. Her marriage to Mao Zemin was to pretend to be a husband and wife for the needs of revolutionary work.
In the 1920s, Shanghai was in the midst of a white terror controlled by the Kuomintang, and the party members who carried out underground work in such a complex environment had to be bold, spontaneous, and calm.
The first time Qian Xijun met Mao Zemin, Mao Zemin, who looked thick and honest, appeared two days later than the scheduled time, and Qian Xijun was full of unhappiness with this partner who did not look foreign. Unexpectedly, she later married Mao Zemin and fought side by side for fourteen years.
<h1 class="pgc-h-decimal" data-index="01" data-track="4" > child bride meets a good "husband", reads to change her destiny, and embarks on the road of revolution. </h1>
Qian Xijun photo
In 1905, Qian Xijun was born in a poor family in the countryside of Zhuji County, Zhejiang Province, because the family was too poor to open the pot, and was sold by his parents to the Zhang family as a child bridesmaid from an early age. At the age of 5, she has begun to learn to wash and cook, and her life is very hard.
Fortunately, Zhang Qiuren, who was married to her, was a man who understood the great righteousness, he liked to read since he was a child, and he was very disgusted with the various poisons left by the feudal system. In particular, when he was a teenager, he went out to study, accepted new ideas, and after participating in the revolution, he deeply resented the child bride system and opposed his parents' behavior from the heart, so he and Qian Xijun have never been married.
However, in that era, women with matchmakers were basically considered to be the daughters-in-law of the man's family, and it was impossible to have independent autonomy.
Zhang Qiuren photo
Zhang Qiuren was very sympathetic to Qian Xijun's situation, cared about her everywhere, treated her as his sister, and in order to fundamentally help Qian Xijun and solve her worries, he returned to his hometown and took her out. After going to Shanghai, Qian Xijun not only became a female worker in a spinning factory, but also entered the Shanghai Civilian Girls' School in 1922 under the introduction of Zhang Qiuren, and joined the Chinese Socialist Youth League two years later.
Qian Xijun, who had the opportunity to read, never thought that he would have the opportunity to sit in the classroom in his life, and his heart was full of gratitude to Zhang Qiuren. She is diligent and studious, likes to specialize, and the harmonious teacher-student and classmate relationship in the civilian girls' school makes her feel warmer than ever.
The study career of the civilian girls' school has made her outlook on life change drastically since then, and she deeply understands that only by bravely resisting can she and other ordinary people with the same fate as herself live a good life. Qian Xijun, who was baptized with new ideas, joined the Communist Party of China in 1925 and firmly embarked on the road of revolution.
<h1 class="pgc-h-decimal" data-index="02" data-track="65" > revolutionary comrades fighting in enemy areas. </h1>
Photographs of underground workers
In the winter of 1925, in Shanghai under the white terror, underground work was in danger of losing its life at any time.
Qian Xijun, a backbone of the trade union at the Shanghai Spinning Factory, was instructed by the party organization to appoint her to pretend to be Mao Zemin's wife and cooperate with "Yang Jie", who was about to go to Shanghai to carry out underground work, "Yang Jie" was the pseudonym under which Mao Zemin was carrying out underground work in Shanghai at that time.
Mao Zemin, who was studying at the Guangzhou Peasant Movement Training Institute, received instructions from the party to go to Shanghai to serve as the manager of the distribution department of the CPC Central Committee and concurrently served as the head of the Shanghai Bookstore, a public business organization to which he belonged. After receiving the order from his superiors, Mao Zemin immediately set off.
Mao Zemin, who grew up living in the countryside, plunged into his studies after arriving in Guangzhou, and did not have too much experience and understanding with big city life, where do you know that Shanghai is an international metropolis? When I first arrived in Shanghai, I made a big joke. When he arrived in Shanghai, he found that he had misremembered the address, and there was no publishing house in Shanghai Nanmen, so mao Zemin hurried to find someone to inquire about the exact location. I was reluctant to spend money on a rickshaw, so I walked for two days to the bookstore.
After waiting for two days in the bookstore to see Mao Zemin's Qian Xijun, he already had a breath in his heart, thinking that Mao Zemin was like a Wooden "Grandma Liu" and did not give him a good face when they met. After a brief introduction to each other, Qian Xijun took Mao Zemin back to his residence, which would be where they lived and worked together in Shanghai.
Unexpectedly, Mao Zemin was a Chinese man with a very bottom line, and as soon as he entered the house, he talked to her about the principle: "Comrade Qian, although we live under the same roof, we are pretending to be husband and wife, and we are doing it for others to see outside, as long as we return home, we should go our separate ways, we cannot interfere in each other's lives, and the boundaries must be drawn." ”
Photo of Mao Zemin
Hearing Mao Zemin's words, Qian Xijun was even more angry, this "Grandma Liu" was actually worried about eating his tofu, afraid that his "innocence" would be destroyed in his own hands. Qian Xijun's personality was fiery, and he immediately replied: "Are you taking yourself too seriously, if it were not for the organizational arrangement, would I live with you?" ”
Seeing that Qian Xijun was angry, and he seemed to be unable to say anything about her, Mao Zemin quickly excused that there was still work to be done, and turned away.
In fact, Qian Xijun knew that Mao Zemin, who had just arrived in Shanghai, was not familiar with life, work had not started, and there was nothing to do, but she was too lazy to expose him.
These two joyful rivals with very different personalities began their lives and work in this way.
Shanghai Civilian Girls' School
After going out for a walk, Mao Zemin, who returned home, saw that Qian Xijun had already made a meal and was waiting for him, and he pretended to be calm and calm to tell Qian Xijun that he had already left the restaurant outside and eaten.
Qian Xijun smiled in his heart and waited for the good drama he played below, sat down to eat by himself, and directly cleaned up the table.
In the middle of the night, Mao Zemin, who was already hungry and dizzy, secretly went to the kitchen to find food, but he did not expect that Qian Xijun was waiting for him in the kitchen, and he also gave him the leftovers for dinner.
Seeing the sneaky Mao Zemin, Qian Xijun said with a smile: "I know that you haven't eaten in a day, so come and eat." ”
Unexpectedly, for the sake of his own face, Mao Zemin actually said: "I am not hungry, I did not tell you, I am out of the restaurant, Shanghai food is too salty, come to find a bowl of water to drink." ”
After saying that, he poured a bowl of water, drank it all, turned his head and left the kitchen. Looking at Mao Zemin, who wanted to face the guilt of life, Qian Xijun was really angry and funny, but he did not move.
The next day at breakfast, seeing that Qian Xijun had made breakfast, Mao Zemin, who had been hungry for a whole day and a night, could not take care of his face, sat on a stool, and began to eat, Qian Xijun only smiled slightly when he saw it, and did not say anything more.
A young Man of true temperament
However, when he went to the bookstore to do the handover of work, Qian Xijun saw Mao Zemin's strength for the first time.
When he heard that the bookstore had been operating at a loss for several years, Mao Zemin was not happy, and he felt that the bookstore had wasted excellent geographical resources, and it was really unreasonable to open it in the middle of the city and ask for financial subsidies from the Party Central Committee.
Mao Zemin and the head of the bookstore checked the account while knocking on the abacus, responsible for the numbers reported in the population faster and faster, mao Zemin was like a very shrewd businessman, the abacus beads "crackled".
After a few minutes, the hand stopped and the beads stopped, and a row of data was displayed on the abacus, and it was not bad at all.
Qian Xijun, who was on the side, was shocked to hear this, and fell to the floor with his teacup.
She began to look at the "husband" in front of her differently, and the original prejudice against him had completely changed at that moment, and she felt that the vision of the organization was too unique, and the business of the bookstore had been saved this time.
Mao Zemin is very low-key and rigorous
Mao Zemin is a low-key person and a high-profile person, and after handing over the work, he began to work intensively. Sometimes wearing a long coat and sometimes fashioning leather shoes, he was busy with contacts between newspapers, bookstores, distribution offices and printing houses in Shanghai. The operation of the bookstore began to improve under his care.
When Qian Xijun was working in the Publishing and Distribution Department, the National Revolutionary Army was swearing to teach in the Northern Expedition, and the revolutionary situation was developing vigorously. The task of the publishing and distribution department is quite arduous, and the distribution department has a total of only a dozen people, and Qian Xijun must not only undertake the publishing and distribution work, but also be responsible for printing and organizing the transfer of books to meet the needs of the masses eager to read progressive books.
In addition, Qian Xijun also served as the traffic worker of the distribution department, and often had to go to the residences of Chen Duxiu, Li Lisan, Qu Qiubai, Zhou Enlai, and other central leading comrades to pick up manuscripts or send samples, and also needed to frequently go to grass-roots traffic stations.
Every day of busyness and rushing, Qian Xijun did not shout at Mao Zemin to be tired, but gritted his teeth and persevered. And the tempering and testing of these revolutionary work enabled her, a communist who was born as a female worker, to grow up rapidly.
In addition to his busy work, Mao Zemin was very worried about Qian Xijun's safety, and he often told her: "Our issuing organ is the throat of the party's propaganda department." In addition to doing a good job in the distribution of newspapers and periodicals, you also have to take on the work of underground transportation, passing secret documents to the central organs and the residences of leading comrades. Remember, security and confidentiality are an important discipline. You must minimize social relations, reduce contacts with the outside world, and ensure the absolute safety of the Party Central Committee and our organs. ”
Qian Xijun and Mao Zemin lived in the house rented by the organization, and had no income except for the 15 yuan per month living expenses paid to them by the organization. The money is used to cover daily expenses such as rent, meals, clothing, and socializing.
In order to set off the image of Mao Zemin's boss, they spend a lot of money on clothing, but those must be spent on others, the two of them can only try to reduce the expenditure on daily food, in order to open up and reduce expenditure, they grow greens in flower pots on the balcony, saving daily green vegetable money.
On days when they were full of danger, they knew each other more and more deeply, and Qian Xijun found that the men around him were so wise and foolish, full of sincerity to the revolution; Mao Zemin found that the women around him were bold and careful, kind and considerate. Their cooperation at work became more and more tacit, and life pulled their hearts tighter and tighter, and they accepted each other's love for a long time, and they married at the end of 1926.
In 1926, during the one-year work in the Shanghai Bookstore, Mao Zemin and Qian Xi not only completed the task of publishing and printing excellently, but also made a profit of 15,000 yuan. This profit is also obtained by them in order to cover their identity and undertake some printing business externally.
Mao Zemin became more and more comfortable with the printing industry, and in addition to running the party's publishing and printing well, he also continued to expand his business, and in order to avoid the surveillance of the Kuomintang, he had to move frequently.
For six years, from 1926 to 1931, Qian Xidu followed Mao Zemin from birth to death, creating and expanding the party's secret publishing and distribution work.
Chairman Mao with his mother and brother
In the daily underground work, Qian Xijun's work experience is getting richer and richer. In order to protect the safety of the party's secret organs and shake off the "tail" behind her, she often turned around in the streets and alleys, skillfully maneuvered with the enemy, and left the enemy in a daze, and she escaped safely.
In the summer of 1929, more than twenty "bag inquirers" suddenly broke into the printing house and wanted to conduct a major search. Qian Xijun, who was working outside, discovered the abnormality of the situation in time and immediately made a report to the Central Special Branch. Zhou Enlai, the head of the central authorities, urgently deployed rescue work, turning this emergency into a disaster.
After 1930, Qian Xijun assisted Mao Ze's private factories, opened tungsten mines, developed the economy of the Soviet Union, increased fiscal revenue, and ensured the supply of the Red Army. In addition, Qian Xijun also assisted Mao Zemin in founding the State Bank of the Soviet Republic and unified the currency of the Soviet region.
Photograph of the female Red Army
In October 1934, the Kuomintang and the Communists suddenly changed, and in order to preserve their strength, the Central Red Army was forced to withdraw from the Central Soviet Region and began a arduous 25,000-mile long march. Qian Xijun was one of the 30 female soldiers of the Central Red Army who participated in the Long March and was assigned to the Central Column.
Although she and Mao Zemin were in the central column, they did not march together, and when the couple met, they could only hurriedly say hello, greet each other, and silently look at each other with affection, which was the greatest encouragement to each other.
On the Long March, Qian Xijun first served as a political officer in the cadre recuperation company, and later as an inspector of the Political Protection Bureau. Her work is very cluttered and tedious. It is necessary not only to organize the hiring of people's husbands, raise grain money, and understand the people's and enemy's conditions, but also to publicize the Red Army and the anti-Japanese resistance to the masses along the way.
During the recuperation period in Zunyi, the husband and wife originally had time to get together and talk to each other. But Mao Zemin was busy leading the staff of the State Bank to work overtime, completing the work of issuing and recovering the "Red Army Tickets" within 12 days, and there was no leisure time at all. During that time, Qian Xijun could always see Mao Zemin's busy figure, but he rarely had the opportunity to say half a sentence with him.
<h1 class="pgc-h-decimal" data-index="03" data-track="76" > Xinjiang's united front work is busy, and when they break up, they will never say goodbye. </h1>
Xinjiang warlord Sheng Shicai
In February 1938, when The ruler of Xinjiang, Sheng Shicai, asked the Communist Party to send cadres to Xinjiang to support the revolution, the Party Central Committee decided to let Mao Zemin temporarily go to the Soviet Union and stay in Xinjiang to work in the overall consideration of the anti-Japanese national united front.
So Mao Zemin, who was preparing to go to the Soviet Union to recuperate, stayed in Xinjiang and became a senior official of the Sheng Shicai government. In order not to attract attention, Mao Zemin assumed the pseudonym Zhou Bin. Qian Xijun was arranged by the party organization to serve as the director of the library at the "new barracks" outside the east gate of Dihua.
After Mao Zemin arrived in Xinjiang, he has been committed to Xinjiang's financial work, often staying up late for work, eating three meals a day without regularity, and his already sick body under the pressure of heavy work, Mao Zemin's physical state is getting worse and worse.
Qian Xijun, as a wife, did not take good care of him because of his quarrel with Mao Zemin.
At this time, Mao Zemin and Qian Xi both had different ideas, and huge cracks gradually appeared in their emotions. Qian Xijun could not figure out anything, believing that the Soviet Union had sent many planes and brought a large amount of materials to support China in its anti-Japanese resistance, and they could not go to the anti-Japanese front, but stayed in the warlord government to engage in the united front with the warlords.
A photo of Qian Xijun in Xi'an
Qian Xijun could not understand many of the practices of the central authorities and Mao Zemin, and mao Zemin repeatedly asked to return to Yan'an, or to go to the anti-Japanese front, Mao Zemin patiently persuaded her to consider the overall situation for the revolutionary work, but Qian Xijun was emotional and could not listen to it at all, and every time he talked about this issue, it was like entering a dead-end cycle mode, and the two always argued endlessly.
Qian Xijun, who had been tempered in the long and arduous struggle, had a stubborn, stubborn, and independent personality, and once she had the determination to return to Yan'an or go to the front, she began to put it into action, and while she wrote an application to the party organization, she repeatedly did Mao Zemin's ideological work, hoping that he could return to Yan'an with her and go to the front. But how could Mao Zemin, who was in a heavy responsibility, follow her?
Qian Xijun was very angry and thought that Mao Zemin did not value himself, so he filed for divorce with Mao Zemin. According to her personality, perhaps she wanted to gamble and force Mao Zemin to follow her out of Xinjiang.
However, Mao Zemin's absolute sincerity to the revolution is even higher than marriage, and Mao Zemin's attitude toward marriage is serious, although they have fought side by side with each other for 14 years, from the White Zone to the Soviet Zone, climbing snow-capped mountains and crossing meadows, and now they are together in Xinjiang to engage in united front work. Despite all kinds of reluctance in his heart, after careful consideration, he still agreed to the divorce proposed by Qian Xijun.
In the winter of 1939, the party organization agreed with Qian Xijun's request to work on the anti-Japanese front, and let her leave Xinjiang with the comrades of the "new barracks". At the same time, the party organization also approved Qian Xijun's divorce request. With mixed feelings, Qian Xijun returned to Yan'an in early 1940.
Mao Zemin: Once you turn around, it is a lifetime
With one journey in the mountains and one journey through the water, Mao Zemin gradually grew from an authentic peasant to a staunch revolutionary, from a typical small peasant mentality to a communist believer with the world's toiling masses in mind, and Qian Xijun also grew from a rural child bride with a miserable fate to a full-fledged and determined revolutionary!
They walked together from south to north, through fourteen years of marriage together, from the beginning of strange rejection, to the later acquaintance and companionship, becoming a sincere revolutionary partner, but finally with the withdrawal of Qian Xijun and overshadowed.
In September 1943, at the behest of Chiang Kai-shek, the military and police of the Central Command and Sheng Shicai secretly executed Mao Zemin, Chen Tanqiu, Lin Jilu and other Communists.
Qian Xijun, who was sorry, never expected that the moment he left Xinjiang with the "new barracks" was his farewell to Mao Zemin. Those days when the CCP was in and out of love and revolutionary struggle, on the road of pursuing revolutionary ideals, with strength, with regrets, with tears, but they will always shine in the course of her life! Become a memory that will never fade.