preface
Li Bai wrote in "Ancient Wind": Daya has not been done for a long time, and who is Chen in my decline? He also said: Since Jian'an came, Qili is not precious enough.
It seems that Li Bai's criticism of poets since Qi Liang has paid too much attention to the formal pursuit of grammatical duality and four voices and eight diseases. However, There are not many of Li Bai's laws and poems, and many famous poems of the Five Laws and Seven Absolutes have been handed down.
But why are his seven laws so few? Zhao Yi, a Qing Dynasty man, made his own analysis in the "Oubei Poetry".
First, Li Bai disdains to be bound to the grammatical duality
Zhao Yi said in the "Poetry of Oubei":
Qinglian has more ancient poems and fewer rhythmic poems. There are still more than seventy of the five laws, and only ten of the seven laws. Gai cai is heroic, full of divine luck, disdainfully bound to the grammatical duality, and competes with the carvers. Oubei Poetry
The grammatical duality is the most difficult for those who study poetry today. In fact, it was not easy for the ancients.
In particular, after Qi Liang, there is a difference between the four voices, and the dual requirements are also relative. Xie Lingyun's kind of duality that does not care about ping, turning into a must for ping and relative, is naturally more difficult.
It is precisely because of the difficulty that the early Tang Dynasty (during the Tang Gaozong period) added the creation of legal poetry to the imperial examination, which became a way to select talents.
Li Bai seems to be disdainful of "being bound to the grammatical duality", so everyone often thinks that he is known for his ancient poetry. However, in fact, whether it is Li Bai or Chen Ziang, who holds the retro banner with him, there are many five laws passed down. And Li Bai's Seven Absolutes were even more comparable to those of Wang Changling, the Seven Sacred Hands.
It can be seen that Li Bai is very good at composing rhythmic poetry. It's just that the seven laws are less.
Second, Li Bai only has two standard seven laws
Of Li Bai's Ten Seven Laws, in fact, only two are standard Seven Laws. Zhao Yi also mentions these two poems:
However, the Seven Laws are not perfect. There are two poems, "Sending Congratulations to the Prison and Returning to Siming" and "Title Cui Ming Fu Danzao", which are still qualified for rectification, but the others are not enough to be observed, and there are six sentences for one song. Oubei Poetry
In the second year of Tianbao, He Zhizhang asked to return to his hometown. After Tang Xuanzong agreed, he personally composed the poem "Sending He Zhizhang back to siming" to show his merits. At that time, there were thirty-seven ministers who sent Off He Zhizhang, so Li Bai's poem had the word "system".
"Sending Congratulations to the Prison and Returning to the Four Mings":
After a long time, Rong Lu took the first coat and said to the immortal.
The true trick has been obtained since Mao's, and Embonin obstructs the return of the cave court.
Yaotai is full of foggy stars, and xianyu floating islands are slight.
Borrowing the wish to perch the pearl tree crane, He Nian flew to the imperial city.
Another of Li Bai's seven laws is "Title Yongqiu Cui Ming Fu DanZao":
Beauty for the sake of the government forgot the opportunity, take medicine to seek immortality is not against the law.
Ye County has been mud Dan stove bi, Yingzhou should be accompanied by Akamatsu return.
The first master has the help of the gods, and the great saint has no heart to fly on his own.
Nine turns but can give birth to wings, and the double blade suddenly goes to fix Heyi.
However, Li Bai's two seven laws were not widely circulated. However, his most widely circulated seven laws, "Dengjin Ling Phoenix Platform", is a seven laws of bending the waist (debonding).
Why doesn't Li Bai like to make the Seven Laws?
Third, the outcasts of the times
Zhao Yi's analysis is that in Li Bai's time, the seven-word poetry had not yet prevailed. During his time in Chang'an, everyone rarely composed seven-word poems.
In the early days, there were more seven-word poems by court poets such as Shen Qi and Song Zhiqing. In 700 AD, Wu Zetian led his courtiers to escape the summer in Shishuhe and once held a poetry meeting. At this poetry meeting, Wu Zetian improvised the seven laws and a poem "Summer Tour Shi Shu", and more than a dozen courtiers and princes sang poems and sang in the form of seven laws. The creation of the seven-word poem also spread from top to bottom.
However, at that time, most of the poets were still five-word poems.
Li Bai left Chang'an ten years before the Anshi Rebellion (755). After the Anshi Rebellion, Chang'an was recaptured. One day, after jia zhi of the early dynasty, the Zhongshu Sheren composed a seven-law poem "Early Dynasty Daming Palace" with great influence. The ministers who participated in the early dynasty at that time composed poems and sang songs, and three of them sang and sang and wrote works.
These are the three poems of Wang Wei, Du Fu, and Cen Shan, "Fenghe Zhongshu Sheren Jia Zhi Early Dynasty Daming Palace".
But by this time (zhide three years, 758), Li Bai was already no longer in Chang'an. In that year, because he joined the army of king Yong, he was exiled to Yelang.
Therefore, Zhao Yi analyzed:
Between Gai Kaiyuan and Tianbao, the Seven Laws have not yet prevailed, and after Zhide, Jia Zhi and other works of the "Early Dynasty Daming Palace" pondered each other and felt perfect, while Qinglian had long been out of the capital, so he did not do much.
When the poets in Chang'an were practicing the Seven Laws, if Li Bai were still there, he would definitely be affected and would create more Seven Laws to pass on to the world.
Conclusion
There were very few seven laws in the early Tang Dynasty, in fact, there were not many seven laws in the Sheng Tang Dynasty. According to some statistics, the total number of the Seven Laws of the Tang Dynasty in the early Sheng Dynasty was less than 400, and Du Fu had 151 songs. Of Du Fu's 151 Seven Laws, 130 were written after Ju Chengdu.
Du Fu (712 ~770) went to Chengdu in the second year of Qianyuan (759), which was the second year of writing the poem "Early Ming Palace". The Seven Laws really began to be accepted by poets and created in large quantities, in the Middle Tang Dynasty (766-835). Li Bai (701-762) had died by then.
Li Bai's seven laws are too few, not that Li Bai "disdains to be bound to the duality of the law", but that he has not caught up with the times and trends of the seven laws.
@Old Street Taste
Weicheng rain and dust, Su Shi learned Wang Wei's "Yangguan Qu", cracking the 4 characteristics of this poetic style