preface
Reading Zhao Yi's "Oubei Poetry", I saw a passage that analyzed different poets writing Wang Zhaojun, and the argumentative techniques displayed were different.
Friends who like to compose poetry can make comparisons and carefully understand how poetry expresses arguments.
First, Shi Chong's vulgarity
During the Western Jin Dynasty, Shi Chong, the lord of the Jingu Garden, who fought with Wang Kaifu, had a poem "Wang Zhaojun Ci":
I am a son of the Han family, and I will be suitable for the court.
........ Omitted
May the false wings fly and abandon them for the sake of the march.
FeiHong did not care about me, and stood in the screen camp.
In the past, it was the jade in the box, and now it is dung on the Ying.
Chaohua is not happy enough, sweet and autumn grass merge.
It is said that it is difficult for future generations to marry far away.
Zhao Yi's evaluation of Shi Chong's is:
Shi Chongshi (石崇诗) (I came to Han Jiazi, and will be suitable for shan Yu Ting),[ [formerly as a box of jade, now as dung Shangying], the language is too village custom. Oubei Poetry
Shi Chong's expression is like a village farmer, which is too vulgar.
I came to Han Jiazi, will be suitable for the court, the common narrative of ancient narrative poetry. In the past, it was the jade in the box, and now it is dung on the Ying. It is a figurative technique, but comparing Wang Zhaojun to a flower inserted in cow dung is indeed not elegant.
The first precept of poetry is to abstain from vulgarity.
Second, it does not mean much, but it means infinitely
Several poets of the Tang Dynasty on Wang Zhaojun:
However, the two sentences of the Tang Dynasty [today's Han Palace people, Ming Dynasty Hudi concubines] do not talk about it, but have infinite meaning, and are the most extremely singing. Secondly, Du Shaoling [Qianzai Pipa as a nonsense, clear resentment in the middle of the song], the same meaning also. Another time, Bai Xiangshan' envoys replied with a message, when will the gold redeem the moth's eyebrows? If the king asks the concubine for color, Mo Dao is not as good as when he is in the palace! As far as the ability is conceived, it is also very clear. Oubei Poetry
Today's Han Palace people, Ming Dynasty Hudi concubines, from Li Bai's "Xianghe Song Lyrics, One And Two Songs of Wang Zhaojun":
Zhaojun flicked the jade saddle and got on the horse and cried red cheeks.
Today's Han Palace people, Ming Dynasty Hudi concubines.
All four sentences are descriptions, not arguments. But the noble people of the Han Dynasty Palace will soon become the concubines of the barbarians. This contrast is also a rhetorical one, although it is not discussed, nor is it like Shi Chong's metaphor to express his attitude.
But this contrast can make people think for themselves, why does Zhaojun "get on the horse and cry red cheeks"? Because it is going to be a "Ming Dynasty Hudi concubine".
Is it bad to be a concubine? Well, will you still cry? In Shi Chong's words, flowers are about to be planted on cow dung, how can you be happy.
But the beauty of Li Bai is that he does not say it directly, but makes people associate it.
Senzai pipa as nonsense, clear resentment in the middle of the song. From Du Fu's "Five Songs of Yonghuai Ancient Monuments , Part III"
The mountains and mountains went to Jingmen, and the village of MingFei still had a village.
Once you go to Zitai Lianshuo Desert, leave Aozuka alone towards dusk.
Draw a picture to recognize the spring wind surface, and the ring of the sky returns to the night moon soul.
Senzai pipa as nonsense, clear resentment in the middle of the song.
Du Fu also did not directly express his views, but said that in the pipa music handed down by Wang Zhaojun, the emotions of grief and resentment could be heard. This is another way of implying. From the side.
However, the Envoy of Han replied with a message, And when the gold redeemed the moth's eyebrows, it came from Bai Juyi's "Xianghe Song Lyrics : Wang Zhaojun":
His face was full of sideburns, and his eyebrows were red.
Sorrow and hard work and haggard, but now it seems to be in the picture.
But the envoy replied with a message, when will the gold redeem the moth's eyebrows.
If the king asks the concubine about the color, Mo Dao is not as good as when he is in the palace.
The poem also does not directly say wang Zhaojun's grief, but gently says that Wang Zhaojun asks when he can be redeemed. If the emperor asks himself, he must say that his style is still the same.
Bai Juyi wrote a very well-behaved female figure.
None of the three poems by Li Bai, Bai Juyi, and Du Fu directly explain Wang Zhaojun's own attitude towards this matter, but through contrast or descriptions from different angles, wang Zhaojun's reluctance is shown.
Third, women are cursed by water
The rest are said to be the work of peace and affection, which means that the snooping of the riding is therefore resting.
There is a saying: [The evil fetus has gone into the court, and Yuguan is lonely and lawless.] There is a saying: [Although the concubine is bitter and free from the worries of the Lord, jude is victorious and spoils the kingdom of the dead.] There is a saying: [If Ye Rong makes a stay in the Han Palace, bu nian may not be four hundred.] This is all good to discuss, in fact, to seek depth and shallowness. Oubei Poetry
There is also a discussion that describes Wang Zhaojun's personality as a particularly distorted image. Because of the Han Palace she left, there was no harm to the Han Dynasty. If you stay in the Han Dynasty, then the Han Dynasty may not be able to last for four hundred years.
The triptych poems quoted above are all direct expressions of argument. The author himself thinks it is profound, but in fact it is shallow. This is a point that poets are more taboo about.
Wang Jing Gongshi (meaning could not be painted, and Mao Yanshou was killed in vain at that time). This is the beauty of its color, which cannot be described by the painter, and it means that the "Oubei Poetry" is Zhang Lun's "Lin Quan Essay" that it agrees with the "evil fetus" sentence, Ho Ye? Oubei Poetry
Wang Anshi's "Two Songs of Ming Concubines" writes about Wang Zhaojun from a special perspective:
When Concubine Ming first left the Han Palace, her tears were wet and her sideburns were drooping.
The low wandering shadow has no color, and the king is not self-sustaining.
When he returned, he blamed Dan Qing's hand, and he had seen it several times in his life;
The origin of the intention could not be painted, and at that time, Mao was killed in vain to prolong his life.
Once you go to the heart, you don't return, and you have no pity for the Han Palace;
The voice wanted to ask about Senan, only the annual wild geese flew.
The family has spread the news from miles, and it is good that they will not remember each other in the felt city;
Jun did not see nagato closed Ajiao, and there was no north or south in life.
It is said that Mao Yanshou deliberately painted Wang Zhaojun so badly that the great beauty fell into The Land of Hu, so the emperor killed Wang Zhaojun. Here from the side shows the beauty of Wang Zhaojun.
However, Zhang Lun's "Essays on Lin Quan" believes that "at that time, Mao Was killed in vain to prolong his life" and "the evil fetus has already entered the court of the captive" is the same meaning.
Another poem: Lishan raises fire because of the praise, and Shu Dao is dusted for taizhen. If The Ming concubine can marry Hu Yu, the painter should be a Han Zhongchen.
Oubei Poetry
This poem is Chen Xun's (Song) "Reading Ming Concubines's Quotations", and the poet directly compares Wang Zhaojun to Yang Guifei. Instead, mao Yanshou was compared to a hero of the Han Dynasty. This is also a direct discussion.
It seems that which side Wang Zhaojun is on, which side will be unlucky. Therefore, mao yanshou should not be killed.
Fourth, borrow the topic to play
The Ming people have clouds: a self-moth eyebrow Farewell Han Palace, the sound of pipa breaking the building empty. Money to buy the Longquan Sword and send it to the king to cut the painter. In this case, the first son was raised, so as to persuade the examiner, not the true Yong Ming Concubine. Oubei Poetry
This poem of the Ming Dynasty borrowed the story of Wang Zhaojun to express his own nostalgia. The son of Sun Shan, who was named Luosun, compared himself to Wang Zhaojun and the examiner who selected talents to Mao Yanshou, believing that the emperor should punish the examiner who did not admit him like killing Mao Yanshou.
It was also a clever argument, expressing his dissatisfaction with the exam. For this way of expressing opinions, see Zhu Qingyu of the Tang Dynasty's "RecentLy Trying to Go to Zhang's Water Department" and Zhang Yuan's "Festival Women's Yin".
And:
Wing Zhaojun Yun: [The king is not without grace, and the concubine has no money to buy a painter.] 〕 "Oubei Poetry"
This is still a satire of those who have not met the talent, and it is too blunt and indignant. The poems written by Luo Dizi are more extreme, such as Huang Chao's poem:
Until the autumn comes on September 8, I will kill a hundred flowers after the flowers bloom.
The incense of the sky penetrated Chang'an, and the city was full of golden armor.
What the magnates like is this kind of gentle Luodi poem, "Shangyong Noble Waiter After the Lower First" by Gao Toad of the Tang Dynasty.
Peach and dew seeds in the sky, red apricots on the side of the sun leaning on the clouds.
Furong was born on the Autumn River and did not complain to the East Wind.
Some people use character allusions, some people use chants to pin down, all of which use the method of Bixing to say that they have fallen, which is a common way of discussion among poets.
Fifth, the work of peace and affection
Zhao Bingwen's "Inscription Ming Concubine Out of the Seto": Ruthless Han Yue Xie follows people, and is ashamed to take care of the concubine to the end of the world. The General Hou Wanhu of Wendao has painted his deeds as a qilin.
This is also the merit of its and Rong's merits, and the meaning of the words is specially borrowed.
To Wang Yuanjieyun: Huan Pei soul returns to Aozuka Moon, and the pipa sound breaks the black river autumn. The Han family has conquered the west many times, and it is also shameful to meet under the spring.
It is shallow.
In the first gentle song, Wang Zhaojun dedicated himself and won the tranquility of the border pass, but the general who did nothing became famous.
The second song is more direct, you generals, what will you see under the Nine Springs in the future to see Wang Zhaojun.
Although these two poems are one of a pretext and a shallow dew, after all, they describe Wang Zhaojun from the front, rather than comparing her to a red face and a curse.
Conclusion
Wang Zhaojun is often discussed by poets from various angles. There is sympathy, there is admiration, there is ridicule. Whether she was intentional or helpless, after all, it brought a long-term peace to the Hu and Han sides.
In terms of discussion methods, some are direct and superficial, and some are gentle and subtle. Too direct, lacking in poetry. Too subtle, the reader may not understand. Which one do you prefer?
@Old Street Taste
What is the monthly salary of a poet? Bai Juyi's ten poems tell you the salary of each period