The eighth volume of the Book of Three Kingdoms is a combined biography of Xu Jing, Mi Zhu, Sun Qian, Jian Yong, Yi Yuan, and Qin Mi (mi). Needless to say, Xu Jing was the only state-level celebrity in Shu Han, and his official position in Shu Han was even higher than zhuge Liang's, and Mi Zhu, Sun Qian, Jian Yong, and Yi Yuan were old subordinates who had followed Liu Bei for many years. Who was Qin Mi, and why were Qin Mi's deeds recorded in such detail?
Reading qin mi's deeds, I suddenly found that Qin Mi was the first university inquirer of Shu Han!
I have always thought that Tan Zhou was the first scholar of the Shu Han Dynasty, and as the great Confucian of Shu Land, there was an evaluation of "Confucius in Shu" in later generations. Moreover, there were three very good students in Tan Zhou, one was Chen Shou, the author of the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", one was Li Mi, the author of the "Chen Qing Table", and the other was the famous general Luo Xian. Not to mention that Zhou Zhou persuaded Liu Chan to surrender this stubble, this is a proper Confucian.
However, Qin Mi's biography has such a record: "Chen Yunnan visited the court for a few hours, recording his words in the Spring and Autumn Period." This means that when Tan Zhou (Zi Yunnan) was young, he visited Qin Mi many times when he was young, and recorded Qin Mi's remarks in the Spring and Autumn Denial Theory, which shows that Qin Mi was a descendant, and he visited Qin Mi many times and recorded his remarks.
What kind of person is Qin Mi?
Qin Mi (秦宓), courtesy name Zi (字子敕), was a native of Mianzhu County, Guanghan County (present-day northern Deyang, Sichuan). Qin Mi was very talented when he was young, and the prefecture recruited him, and he always said that he was sick and did not go (it seems that he wanted to be a hermit). He once wrote to Liu Yan of Yizhou and recommended the Confucian Ren'an.
When Liu Zhang was serving as the pastor of Yizhou, Qin Mi was engaged in the same time as Wang Shangren Zhizhong, a county official, and tried to invite Qin Mi to meet with Liu Zhang, but Qin Mi refused. Later, when Qin Mi heard that Wang Shang had set up ancestral halls for Yan Junping and Li Hong (two Shudi university inquirers), Qin Mi immediately wrote a letter to Wang Shang, detailing Sima Xiangru's contribution to the indoctrination of Shudi in the Western Han Dynasty, and asking Wang Shang to also set up an ancestral hall for Sima Xiangru.
At the beginning, Li Quan once borrowed the "Warring States Policy" from Qin Mi to read, and Qin Mi said: "The Warring States have been fighting in a vertical and horizontal attack, what is the use of reading it?" Li Quan said: "Confucius and Yan Junping gathered many books and wrote "Spring and Autumn" and "Lao Tzu Zhigui", so the sea is broad to converge on hundreds of rivers, and the gentleman is grand in the knowledge of knowledge. ”
Qin Mi replied: "Except for the zhengshi and Zhou Dynasty documents, Zhongni does not collect any books; except for advocating nothingness and nature, Junping does not deduce them." The Warring States Policy repeatedly records and clarifies the strategizing and power techniques of Zhang Yi and Su Qin, killing people to survive, and harming others to protect themselves, which is something that the sages and sages hate. Gentlemen should not read these books that teach people to attack and kill each other! ”
In the nineteenth year of Jian'an (214), after Liu Bei pacified Yizhou, Xiahou Qi, the Taishou of Guanghan, asked Qin Mi to serve as a teacher and friend to sacrifice wine, and concurrently served as the head of the zuo, honoring him as the middle father. Qin Mi was still pretending to be ill and was lying at home (continuing to pretend), Xiahou Mi led Gong Cao Gu Pu and Wang Pu, the master bookkeeper, and took wine and food to Qin Mi's house to feast and talk, Qin Mi was still lying on the bed, and then he said that Xiahou Mi was dizzy.
Later, the Yizhou Pastoral Government recruited Qin Mi to engage in sacrificial wine. In the first year of Zhang Wu 's reign ( 221 ) , Liu Bei declared himself emperor and was preparing to conquer Eastern Wu , but Qin Mi Chen said that the timing of the day was not right and that it would be difficult to win, so he was imprisoned and imprisoned , and later ransomed with money ( it is also said that Zhuge Liang interceded for Qin Mi ) .
In the second year of Jianxing (224), Zhuge Liang, the chancellor, concurrently served as the pastor of Yizhou, and invited Qin Mi to be the governor of the prefecture, and soon promoted him to the rank of general of Zuo Zhonglang and lieutenant of Changshui. Eastern Wu sent Zhang Wen (a scholar of Wu Guo) to repair it, and when Zhang Wen was about to return, all the civil and military officials went to serve him. After everyone arrived, only Qin Mi did not arrive, and Zhuge Liang sent people to urge him several times, and Zhang Wen asked, "What is he?" Zhuge Liang said: "Yizhou literati scholar." ”
When Qin Mi arrived late, Zhang Wen and Qin Mi made a bit of rhetoric, and Zhang Wen asked him: "Do you study?" Qin Mi said, "Children who are five feet tall all learn, so why should you underestimate people!" Zhang Wen asked again, "Does the sky have a head?" Qin Mi said, "There is a head." Zhang Wen asked, "Where is the head?" Qin Mi said: "In the West, the Book of Poetry says, 'So I fell in love with the west.'" From this, it follows that the head is in the West. ”
Zhang Wen asked, "Does the sky have ears?" Qin Mi said: "The sky is high above but you can hear the sound of the underground, and there is a saying in the Book of Poetry, 'The crane cries in the water, and the sound is heard in the sky'. If heaven has no ears, what is it to hear? Zhang Wen asked, "Does the sky have feet?" Qin Mi said, "Yes, the Book of Poetry says, 'The steps of heaven are so difficult, and that man is no longer reliable.'" If heaven has no feet, why should it walk? ”
Zhang Wen asked, "Does Tian have a surname?" Qin Mi said, "There is a surname." Zhang Wen asked, "What is your last name?" Qin Mi said, "The surname is Liu." Zhang Wen asked, "How do you know?" Qin Mi replied, "When the son of the day is surnamed Liu, he knows that the heavenly surname is Liu." Zhang Wen asked, "The sun was born in the east, right?" Qin Mi said: "Although it was born in the East, it eventually settled in the West." A question and an answer were like an echo in the mountains, and the response came out, and Zhang Wen was very respectful to Qin Mi (pretending to be successful).
Chen Shou finally commented on Qin Mi: Qin Mi initially admired the reclusive Qinggao, but did not have the talent of great wisdom and foolishness, but there was more than enough answers, and the literary style was gorgeous, which can also be called a temporary talent (it can be described as a momentary talent). In short, Qin Mi is a high-level talker, a scholar who sells fame and reputation, and in my opinion it is nothing!
References: Notes on Pei Songzhi in romance of the Three Kingdoms, And Lu Simian in History of the Three Kingdoms