November 7 is the 311st day of the year (312nd day of leap years) in the solar calendar, and there are 54 days left until the end of the year.
1. Marie Curie was born
On this day, 154 years ago, on November 7, 1867 (October 12, 1867 in the lunar calendar), Marie Curie was born.
Former name: Mary Sklodowska (Polish: mabya sklodowska)
Marie Curie (1867.11.7 – 1934.7.4), born in Poland, was a French physicist and chemist. A world-renowned scientist who studies radioactive phenomena and discovers two natural radioactive elements, radium and polonium (pō), he has won the Nobel Prize twice in his lifetime (the first Time he won the Nobel Prize in Physics, the second time he won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry). In the process of studying radium, it took her and her husband 3 years and 9 months to extract 0.1 g radium from tons of slag. As a distinguished scientist, Marie Curie had a social influence that ordinary scientists do not have. Especially because she was a pioneer of successful women, her example inspired many people.
2. Completion of the Canada Pacific Railway
On this day, 136 years ago, on November 7, 1885 (October 1, 1885 in the lunar calendar), the Canadian Pacific Railroad was completed.
Completion of the Canadian Pacific Railway
At 9:22 a.m. on November 7, 1885, the last nail was finalized in Clarachi, B.C., which connects the eastern and western sections of the Pacific Railroad. Marking the official completion of this major railway artery across Canada.
On this day, a large crowd gathered in Clarachi, located near the Eagle Pass on Canada's west coast. Dressed in a gown and wearing a top hat, Donald Smith picked up a hammer and hammered the last nail in the Canadian Pacific Railroad construction project into the tracks. Since then, the Pacific coast has been connected to Montreal, the heart of Canada.
3. Li Hongzhang, a major minister of the late Qing Dynasty, died
On this day, 120 years ago, on November 7, 1901 (September 27, 1901 in the lunar calendar), Li Hongzhang, a major minister of the late Qing Dynasty, died.
On November 7, 1901, Li Hongzhang, a heavy minister of the late Qing Dynasty and the "Elder of Zhongxing", died of illness in Beijing at the age of 78.
Li Hongzhang was born on February 15, 1823 in Modian Township, Hefei County, Luzhou Prefecture, Anhui Province, a "family of cultivation and reading", and in 1847 he entered the priesthood, changed his name to Shu Jishi, and was taught editing. At the beginning of his studies, he studied under Zeng Guofan and emphasized the study of the scriptures. In 1853, he returned home to organize regimental training and suppressed the Taiping Army.
Since the 1870s, Li Hongzhang has flaunted "self-improvement" and founded a series of civilian enterprises in the form of "official supervision and commercial office". At the same time, preparations were made for the beiyang coastal defense and the strengthening of military strength. In order to cultivate the talents needed for "self-improvement" and "seeking prosperity," we have also established various new-style schools and sent people to study in Europe and the United States, all of which have had a profound impact on the development of modern Chinese society. The pattern of the disparity between The balance of forces between China and foreign countries has caused Li Hongzhang to have a serious fear of foreign countries, and he has always adhered to the principle of "seeking perfection through compromise" in his diplomatic involvement, which in turn has aggravated the suffering of the Chinese people.
4. A generation of celebrities Lu Xiaoman was born
On this day, 118 years ago, on November 7, 1903 (September 19, 1903 in the lunar calendar), a generation of celebrities Lu Xiaoman was born.
Lu Xiaoman (November 7, 1903 – April 3, 1965)
Many descriptions of Lu Xiaoman are almost inseparable: a peerless beauty, born with a melon face, and small and delicate facial features. The eyes are not big, but they are full of charm; the figure is not high, but it is charming. Her hands and feet, every smile is unique. Lu Xiaoman in Xu Zhimo's eyes was even more "a pair of eyes also talking, and the secret of the fountain of the heart was rippled in the eyes." Hu Shi has always liked Lu Xiaoman, he said: "Lu Xiaoman is a scenery that must be seen. "So what magic did the Creator use to create such a woman?"
On the 19th day of the ninth month of the lunar calendar in 1903, Lu Xiaoman was born in Shanghai, and this day is said to be the birth day of Guanyin Bodhisattva, and Lu Xiaoman was born white and tender, so the family called her "Little Guanyin". Lu Xiaoman's father, Lu Ding, was a native of the late Qing Dynasty, who studied at Waseda University in Japan and was a proud disciple of the famous Japanese minister Ito Hirobumi. During his studies in Japan, Lu Ding joined Dr. Sun Yat-sen's League and later served in the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of China government, where he was the main founder of the China Savings Bank. After Lu Xiaoman's mother Wu Manhua was also a famous person, Lu Xiaoman grew up in such a family and decided her future path.
5. The Germans in Qingdao surrendered to the Japanese army
On this day, 107 years ago, on November 7, 1914 (September 20, 1914 in the lunar calendar), the German army in Qingdao surrendered to the Japanese army.
At 4 p.m. on November 7, 1914, the German army in Qingdao surrendered to the Japanese army, and the total strength of the German army in Qingdao was 10,735 people, and the Japanese mobilized more than 50,000 troops, including 1,682 British troops. In addition to attacking from the sea, the Japanese army landed at Longkou and Laoshan Bay successively, and detoured to attack Qingdao. After more than two months of fierce land and sea fighting, the German army finally surrendered. The Japanese army entered the city at 10:00 a.m. on the 11th; on the 14th, it issued a declaration of occupation of Qingdao; on the 16th, the entrance ceremony was held; on the 27th, the Japanese Emperor issued an order to set up a garrison headquarters in Qingdao and appointed Lieutenant General Shenwei as the commander of the Qingdao garrison. Qingdao became a Japanese colony.
6. The October Revolution in Russia breaks out
On this day, 104 years ago, on November 7, 1917 (September 23, 1917 in the lunar calendar), the Russian October Revolution broke out.
On November 6, 1917, revolutionary gunfire began in Petrograd
On November 7, 1917, the October Revolution in Russia broke out in full swing.
After the outbreak of the First World War, the situation of the Russian Revolution quickly matured. In February 1917, a second bourgeois-democratic revolution broke out in Russia, which overthrew the tsarist system, but the two regimes of the bourgeois Provisional Government and the Soviets of Soldiers' Deputies emerged. In April, Lenin returned from abroad and published the April Theses, which set out the task of transitioning from the bourgeois-democratic revolution to the socialist revolution. On Lenin's instructions, the Bolshevik Party actively carried out propaganda among the masses and led the workers and soldiers in demonstrations on several occasions. The situation of the Revolution in September and October was fully ripe, and the liberation movement was at an all-time high.
7. Xinhua News Agency was established
On this day, 90 years ago, on November 7, 1931 (September 28, 1931 in the lunar calendar), Xinhua News Agency was established.
On November 7, 1931, the Xinhua News Agency sent the news of the establishment of the Chinese Soviet from Ruijin, Jiangxi, and announced its own establishment.
When Xinhua News Agency was first founded, its name was Red China News Agency, referred to as "Red News Agency", and from January 1937, it was renamed Xinhua News Agency, referred to as "Xinhua News Agency".
In the early days of its founding, the Xinhua News Agency had only a few staff members, using a radio station captured from the Kuomintang army to copy news and publish news. It tells the Chinese what happened in the world, and introduces the truth about China to the world. Except for the News Agency, which stopped broadcasting news during the Red Army's Long March, it has been working consistently since its inception.
8. The Chinese Soviet Republic is established
On this day, 90 years ago, on November 7, 1931 (September 28, 1931 in the lunar calendar), the Chinese Soviet Republic was established.
Pictured: Group photo of members of the Central Bureau of the Cpc Central Committee of the Soviet Union. From left: Gu Zuolin, Ren Bishi, Zhu De, Deng Fa, Xiang Ying, Mao Zedong, Wang Jiaxiang
From November 7 to 20, 1931, the First Congress of the All-China Soviet was held in Ruijin, Jiangxi Province, with more than 600 delegates. The congress announced the establishment of a provisional central workers' and peasants' government (i.e., the Provisional Central Government of the Chinese Soviet Republic) and elected 63 mao zedongs, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, and others as members of the central executive committee. Mao Zedong was the chairman, and Xiang Ying and Zhang Guotao were the vice chairmen. The Central Revolutionary Military Committee of the Chinese Soviet was established, with Zhu De as chairman and Wang Jiaxiang and Peng Dehuai as vice chairmen.
9. The Longhai Railway was opened to traffic
On this day, 72 years ago, on November 7, 1949 (September 17, 1949 in the lunar calendar), the Longhai Railway was opened to traffic.
On November 7, 1949, within just over a month since the founding of New China, under the hard work of railway workers, the Long (Baoji, Shaanxi Province) Hai (Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province) railway was opened to traffic, with a total length of 1226 kilometers. The opening of this traffic artery that runs through the east and west has played a positive role in the development of new China's economy and culture.
10. The United States successfully launched the Mars exploration spacecraft
On this day, 25 years ago, on November 7, 1996 (September 27, 1996 in the lunar calendar), the United States successfully launched a Mars exploration spacecraft.
Images of the northern hemisphere of Mars taken by Viking 1
On November 7, 1996 (Beijing time), the U.S. "Mars Global Observer" spacecraft was successfully launched at the Space Center in Cape Canaveral, Florida. The $150 million probe will fly 435 million miles over a period of 10 months. It will reach Mars on September 12, 1997. In March of the following year, the cameras and other devices of the Mars Globe Exploration Spacecraft will begin a 687-day survey of Mars.
11. Chinese's first space run
Five years ago today, on November 7, 2016 (October 8, 2016 in the lunar calendar), Chinese its first space run.
Chinese's first space run: Jing Haipeng ran for 1 hour in Tiangong-2
November 7, 2016 was the 20th day of entering Tiangong-2. Many people are concerned about how Master Jing and I exercise in space, and what is different from ground fitness. Yesterday we mainly did a puller exercise and wore a penguin suit at night.