Near the Shabrovka metro station in Moscow, Russia, there is a Don Cemetery with a huge granite stele standing in it, and the tombstone of the cemetery reads: Translation of the inscription: Here are buried the remains of innocent victims and victims of political persecution, 1930-1942, immortal.
According to locals, such a large cemetery, with a number of tombstones with different names of the deceased, does not look like the victims of the air crash, that is, the tomb of many people, that is, the unclaimed tomb of ashes, which is a product of Stalin's purge in the 1930s. At that time, groups of innocent people were shot and transported here for crematoria, and their ashes were unclaimed for a long time, or mixed together and indistinguishable, so they were buried together and became the tombs of many people.
In that era, let alone many ordinary innocent people who "entered" the tombs of many people after their deaths, even famous and famous figures such as Marshal Tukhachevsky, Marshal Bryukher, writer Babel, General Ubolevich, director Mayerhold, journalist Korzov and other celebrities, because after the purge, only a small "tablet" was inserted on the tombs of many people, and posterity had to plant flowers on the cemetery to pay tribute.
In the Don Cemetery, there is a Chinese, who was a famous revolutionary activist in the early days of the party, one of the preparatory personnel of the Socialist Youth League, and was known as the respected "loyal elder" Yang Mingzhai .
Yang Mingzhai (杨明斋; pinyin: Déng Yīng Đạng Đồng Đại His father, Yang Ren stirrups, worked as a farmer all his life and read some books, so that his son could become a reader of Zhishu Dali, he saved money and tried his best to provide Yang Mingzhai with study. Yang Mingzhai entered a private school at the age of 7, because of his intelligent nature, coupled with contemplation and studiousness, so he was praised by the teacher, and at the age of 15, he read the "Four Books and Five Classics", and was the most learned person in the village at that time.
However, in the year when he was 16 years old, Yang Mingzhai's hometown suffered from natural disasters one after another, social turmoil, people's confusion, and people's lives became more difficult, and he had to drop out of school because of his family's fall. At that time, there was a folk proverb in the local area: "Death forces Liangshan to go to the Kanto, and desperate to go down to Weizi (Vladivostok)." Therefore, Yang Mingzhai, who was cornered, decided to go outside and break in.
Subsequently, he broke into the Kanto to Harbin, went to Vladivostok to earn a living, and worked as a worker and bookkeeper in a small factory called "Dongdizi". Yang Mingzhai is tall and is a typical Shandong Han. Among the thousands of Chinese workers in Vladivostok, he was distinguished by his education, often using the evening to teach workers to read and read. A few years later, he made a group of workers' friends and learned Russian. After the outbreak of the First World War, Yang Mingzhai joined the anti-war movement and was elected as a representative of overseas Chinese workers.
Before the October Revolution in the Soviet Union, he joined lenin's Bolshevik Party and was sent to the diplomatic service of Imperial Russia as a clerk to secretly work for the party. After the victory of the October Revolution, He mobilized Chinese workers to join the army to participate in the war, participated in the struggle to defend the Soviets, and did a lot of work to defend the achievements of the October Revolution.
Later, he was sent back to Vladivostok, which was occupied by the Japanese at that time, to engage in the party's secret work as the head of the overseas Chinese, and in that year, the Working Group of the Communist International represented by Vyczynski went to China to carry out activities, Yang Mingzhai served as an interpreter and coordinator, got acquainted with Li Dazhao, Chen Duxiu, Li Da, and other responsible persons, participated in some of the party's theoretical propaganda and teaching activities, engaged in some trade union work, and made major contributions to the party's early cause.
Yang Mingzhai served as an interpreter for the Soviet advisory group, did work in Guangzhou to promote cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, engaged in the party's theoretical education and news propaganda work, and successively served as an editorial board member of Workers' Weekly and Labor News Agency. Later, he was responsible for receiving and selecting trainees to study in the Soviet Union at the newly established Sun Yat-sen University in Moscow, and later took charge of general affairs at Sun Yat-sen University.
After the defeat of the Great Revolution in 1927, Yang Mingzhai was ordered to secretly return to China through Shanghai and work in the Beijing-Tianjin area. Under the white terror, he actively engaged in theoretical thinking, and spent two years writing and publishing the book "Principles of Social Transformation in Zhongtong", which was organized and arranged to teach at Che axle Mountain Middle School in Fengrun County, Hebei Province, and he educated many students to join the revolution. He was kind and kind to the revolutionary comrades, and was called a loyal elder.
Later, Yang Mingzhai secretly crossed the border to the Soviet Union for medical treatment, and successively worked as a Chinese teacher at the Khabavsk literacy station, a newspaper in Vladivostok, and a radio station. Soon after, he was exiled to Tomsk as a handyman, and after the end of his exile he came to Moscow and entered the Soviet Foreign Workers' Publishing House, where he worked as a courier, transcriptor and proofreader.
It was during this period that Stalin of the Soviet Union began the purge movement, and the purge campaign continued to expand, the bloody purge campaign reached its peak, Yang Mingzhai was arrested again and imprisoned in a black prison, during which he wrote more than once, but was sentenced to death for fabricating the so-called "sneaking across the border, leaving the revolutionary post without authorization, Trotskyists" and other crimes, and immediately executed, on May 26, 1938, after being shot and killed in Dzerzhinsky Square in the Soviet Union, the body was loaded onto a truck and transported to the Don River cemetery for collective cremation and burial, and the bones of individuals had nowhere to be found.
Fifty-one years later, in January 1989, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union adopted a decision stating that in the 1930s and early 1950s, hundreds of thousands of people had been persecuted on the basis of non-litigant judgments, and recommended that the Supreme Soviet revoke these illegal sentences and rehabilitate the victims. Yang Mingzhai was completely rehabilitated and restored to his reputation. In August 1989, Yang Mingzhai was declared a revolutionary martyr by the state civil affairs department.
At this point, this "loyal elder" persevered in order to explore the road of the Chinese revolution, until he sacrificed his precious life, but his bones remained in the former Soviet Union forever.