When it comes to famous monks in Chinese history, people always think of the living Buddha of Tibet, the Sixth Dalai Lama, Cangyang Gyatso. His special status, special experiences, and the large number of love poems he wrote made Cangyang Gyatso a very famous monk in Chinese history.
In fact, during the Republic of China period, a very famous monk also appeared in China. He also has a very bumpy life and experience, and he has also created a large number of love poems. This monk is: Sumanshu.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="27" > the Su family, and his father was in business</h1>
From the time Sumanshu was born, it was destined that his future life would be bumpy. After the Qing Dynasty entered the customs, in order to cope with the invasion of Wokou and pirates in the coastal areas, the Qing government decided to implement a policy of closing the country to the outside world, restricting the people of their own country from going to sea, and also strictly restricting the entry of foreign ships and people.
Only in Guangzhou established the thirteen lines of Guangzhou, one mouth of trade. Foreign trade is monopolized by the government. Under such a policy, it is difficult for domestic businessmen to participate in import and export trade.
It was not until 1840, after the outbreak of the Opium War, that the Qing government was defeated. The Qing government was forced to sign the Treaty of Nanking with the British, which humiliated the country. In the treaty, the Qing government opened five treaty ports in Guangzhou, Fujian, Ningbo, Shanghai and Xiamen.
In the next half century, the Qing government was forced to sign a number of unequal treaties, and the number of foreign trade ports slowly increased. The Qing government's policy of closing the country to the outside world was finally broken. Gradually, domestic merchants also began to engage in import and export trade.
Sumanshu's father was one of these merchants. The Su family originally settled in a small fishing village in Zhuhai, Guangdong Province. With the opening of the Guangzhou treaty port, Su Manshu's grandfather Su Ruiwen began to do business overseas.
Slowly, the Su family began to operate import and export trade and became a relatively wealthy local family. After Su Manshu's father, Su Jie, was born, he also inherited his father's mantle and engaged in import and export trade. In the early 1880s, Su Jiesheng went to Yokohama, Japan to do business.
When he arrived in Yokohama, he took a Japanese woman named Kawai-sen as a concubine. Soon, the woman bore a son for Su Jie, named Su Xuting.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="12" > was born in Japan and had a bumpy childhood</h1>
In that period, the world's requirements for men were always very tolerant, and it was acceptable to take concubines and raise an outer chamber. In the eyes of some men, this is even a thing worth showing off. In such a social environment, So jayson also thinks so.
Therefore, in Japan, Su Jiesheng soon fell in love with a Japanese woman named Wakako. But until Wakako gave birth to a son, Su Jiesheng did not take her home and let her identity "legalize". Just carry this child back to the concubine Hehexian to raise.
This child is Sumanshu. Because his biological mother was not brought home by his father, Su Manshu could only live in the Su family as an "illegitimate son".
At that time, concubines were a reasonable and legal existence, but illegitimate children were spurned existences. You can imagine how difficult Su Manshu's life in Su's home will be.
In 1889, So Jason finished his work in Japan and returned to Guangdong. Although Su Jiesheng has already given birth to several children in Guangdong, they are all girls. Therefore, he took Su Manshu back to the Su family in Guangdong. The concubine Kawaisen remained in Japan.
After returning to the Su family, Su Manshu was not welcomed by his elders and was often bullied by his brothers and sisters. When Su Manshu was nine years old, Su Jiesheng failed in business, and the life of the Su family slowly became tight. Since then, Sumanshu's life has become even more difficult.
When Sumanshu was thirteen years old, he fell seriously ill. However, at that time, the Su family did not find a doctor for him, but threw him into the firewood room and left him to fend for himself. Because of the help of his kind sister-in-law, Su Manshu finally recovered his life.
Su Manshu, who had regained his life, decided to leave the Su family. Sumanshu, who was only thirteen years old, did not have any ability to make a living, and he could only wander around. On the wandering road, he met Master Zanchu of Huilong Temple in Guangzhou.
Compassionate, the monks decided to bring the homeless wanderer back to the temple. In this way, Su Manshu became a young monk at Huilong Temple. However, SuManshu could not stand the harsh life in the temple, and was eventually expelled from the temple for killing and breaking the vows.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="16" > east to Japan, lovers martyrdom</h1>
In 1896, Su Manshu, who had nowhere else to go again, came to Shanghai and defected to his aunt's house. Two years later, he and his cousin Lin Ziyuan from his aunt's family went to Japan to study. In Japan, SuManshu met his half-brother Su Xuting and his adoptive mother Kawai Sen.
During his time studying in Japan, he met a girl. The girl's home was on the same street as Sumanshu's home. The two people who often looked at each other gradually developed feelings for each other, often passing on love letters through carrier pigeons.
However, the ambiguous emotional relationship between the two young boys and girls was soon discovered by each other's parents. Just as in ancient China, unmarried women were considered unchaste if they had contact with foreign men privately. In Japan, the social consciousness is also very strict in its restraint on women.
After the two people's private affair was discovered, the woman could not withstand the strange eyes of others, and finally committed suicide by throwing herself into the river and dying. The sudden change also brought a great blow to Su Manshu. In 1899, Su Manshu left Japan and returned to Guangzhou.
The death of his lover took away Su Manshu's nostalgia for red dust, and he decided to escape into the empty door. So, sixteen-year-old Su Manshu was ordained again in a temple in Guangzhou.
However, this time the monk's life lasted only a year. In 1900, Sumanshu returned to Japan to continue his studies.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="20" > joined the revolution and escaped into the empty door</h1>
After entering 1900, the chaotic and turbulent twentieth century officially began. In 1900, the Qing government signed the Treaty of Xinugu with the Eight-Power Alliance, marking China's official degeneration into a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. The powers began to occupy China's territory with impunity.
In 1900, when the Boxer Rebellion arose, Tsarist Russia forcibly invaded and occupied the northeast region of our country on the pretext of "protecting the Middle East Railway". After the Boxer Rebellion, Russia did not withdraw its Russian troops stationed in the northeast.
In the face of the shameless hegemonic behavior of the Russian army, the anti-Russian sentiment of the people in the country has been accumulating. Around 1903, some "rebels against Russia" composed of patriots began to appear in the civilian population.
SuManshu, who studied in Japan, also joined the Volunteer Army. However, due to the opposition of his family, Sumanshu was soon forced to leave the ranks of the Volunteer Army.
Originally, Su Manshu had a very strong revolutionary spirit. However, because of the obstruction of the imperialist forces of the feudal forces, the revolutionary struggle in the country is difficult. Seeing such a situation, Su Manshu gradually felt discouraged.
Therefore, in 1904, Su Manshu, who returned to China, was once again ordained in a temple in Guangzhou and took the Legal name Manshu. After that, Sumanshu officially ate and prayed to the Buddha as a monk and studied the Dharma.
However, because he had long insisted on a pure Buddhist life, Su Manshu's body soon developed problems. By 1918, Sumanshu's health was very bad. Soon after, SuManshu died at the age of thirty-five.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="25" > a short life and worry about the mother</h1>
Su Manshu's short life of more than thirty years has experienced ups and downs. For the bumpy experiences and unfair treatment endured over the years, Su Manshu has long been relieved.
The only thing he couldn't let go of was his birth and adoptive mother who was far away in Japan. At an early age, the careful care of his adoptive mother allowed him to have a relatively happy childhood. Later, he was separated from his adoptive mother for more than ten years because he followed his father back to China.
It wasn't until he went to study in Japan as a teenager that he was reunited with his adoptive mother. It was also after this meeting that he learned that his biological mother was someone else. With the help of his adoptive mother, he was able to recognize his birth mother.
Knowing that Kawai Ishin is only his adoptive mother, he is still grateful for her nurturing grace.
Although during his time in Japan, he often went to eat at his adoptive and biological mother's house, they were always able to spend too little time together. The last time he went to see the two mothers was a year before he fell ill.
Before dying, Su Manshu left his last words: but read the host old mother. He expressed his regret that he could not be with two mothers who were far away in Japan.