Then our course on "Explaining Characters in Shuowen" talks about a Chinese character "Su" in the "帇" department, which is a commonly used Chinese character in modern Chinese, which is included in the "List of Common Words in Modern Chinese" promulgated by the State Language Commission in 1988, the details of which are as follows:
Blah. Read sù. The explanation given by the "Explanation of Words" is: "Su, hold the matter and respect it." From the abyss, trembling also. , Gu Wensu, from the heart, from the jiao. "Knowing words, the original meaning is respectful." "It is the ancient glyph of Su. Its glyph evolution is shown in the following figure:
(Evolution of Su's glyphs)
The word "Su" is in the golden text, the upper part of the glyph is a "帇", that is, a hand towel wipe, that is, "deacon, do things", the lower part is a "yuan", the ancient yuan word has no water, yuan: deep water also, backflow also, like the abyss of water storage. The combination of the two will mean that a person faces the abyss to wipe (forehead sweat) or do things trembling, this state, in fact, is the so-called "respectful" meaning. "Jade Chapters and Tsutomu": "Su, Jingye." "Guangyun Xingyun": "Su, Gongye, Jingye." ”
Special attention should be paid to the fact that the word "Su" is from "帇", not from "聿".
(Reverence above the abyss)
The "trembling" here comes from "Poetry Xiaoya Xiaomin": "Trembling and trembling, like approaching the abyss, like walking on thin ice." "(Facing the political situation) I tremble like I'm facing an abyss, like stepping on thin ice.
(Respectful)
"Twenty-three Years of Zuo Chuan and Gong Gong": "His followers are solemn and broad, loyal and capable." Du pre-noted: "Su, respectful also." "His entourage is respectful and magnanimous, loyal and capable. Lu Xun's "A Q Zheng Biography": "At that time, several observers were also solemnly respected. ”
In addition to this meaning, there are many uses of "su":
(1) Solemnity; majesty. For example: solemnity. Du Fu's "Five Songs of Yonghuai Ancient Monuments": "Zhuge Daming is famous in the universe, and the relics of the emperor are purged and high." ”
(Wuhou Temple)
(2) Respectfully introduced. "Erya Shi Xia": "Su, jinye." "Li Ji Qu Li Shang": "The host entered with a solemn guest." Zheng Xuan's note: "Su, enter also." "The host respectfully introduced the guests.
(3) Worship. "Zuo Chuan Cheng Gong Sixteen Years": "For the sake of things, so the messengers are suppressed." Du Pre-note: "Su, hand to the ground, if this day." "For the sake of war, bow down to the Messenger.
(Worship)
(4) Tidying. "Chinese Zhou Yuzhong": "Kuan Su Xuanhui, Junye." Wei Zhao's note: "Su, the whole thing." "Generosity, strictness, justice, and benevolence are the ways of kings."
(5) Urgent; severe. Erya Shiyi Shang: "Su, Sick also." "Again" Su, sue also." "Chinese Qi": "It is because of the teachings of his father and brother that he did not suppress." "So the teachings of the father and brother can be achieved without being severe.
(6) Atrophy; "Lü Shi Chunqiu Meng Qiuji": "The beginning of heaven and earth. "The heavens and the earth began to fall. "Etiquette and Moon Order": "When the spring of the season is carried out in the winter, the cold air occurs, and the grass and trees are solemn." Zheng Xuan's note: "Su, that is, the branches and leaves are shrunken." ”
(Autumn Breeze)
(7) Quiet; quiet. The forty-third time in the "History of Rulin": "The laws of this county are strict, and the localities are purged." ”
(8) Clear. Such as: purge. The Book of Han and the Biography of Wei Xian: "The dynasty is purged, the court of only Jun, Gu Zhan yu bows, afraid of this march." "The imperial court should be purged, and it should be a place where the talents and heroes gather, to see their own situation, and to think about it carefully, I am afraid of this filthy and chaotic situation."
(9) Same as "", flying. "Ji Yun · House Rhyme": ", bird flying, or province." ”
(10) Ancient state names. Sui set. In present-day Gansu Province. "Guangyun Yayun": "Su, the name of the state, the ancient moon clan of the country." ”
In addition, "Su" is also a surname. "Guangyun Wuyun": "Su, surname." Out of "Surname Yuan". ”
The small seal of "Su" is written as shown in the figure:
(Su's small seal writing)
([Explanation of words] no. 562, some pictures from the Internet)