Prudent person 1
"Lü's Spring and Autumn"
Confucius was poor between Chen 3 and Cai 4, and did not taste food for seven days, and quinoa soup 5 did not grits 6. Zaiyu 7 Bei 8 Yi, Confucius String Song 9 in the room, Yan Hui 10 choose dishes outside.
【Notes】
1 ShenRen: The title of the next article in the "Filial Piety" in lü's Spring and Autumn. Prudent people, but also obedient people, mainly emphasize the view that the plot is in the people.
2 Poverty: Sleepiness, poverty.
3 Chen: Also known as the State of Chen, a vassal state in the pre-Qin period, with jurisdiction covering present-day eastern Henan and northwestern Anhui, with its capital at present-day Garcheng, Henan.
4 Cai: Also known as the State of Cai, a princely state in the pre-Qin period, the capital was in present-day Shangcai, Henan.
5 Lí soup: Soup made with quinoa also refers to shoddy food.
6 Grits (sǎn): with rice and soup. There was no rice in the soup.
7 Zaiyu: Zi Zi I, a native of Lu during the Spring and Autumn Period, a disciple of Confucius.
8 Preparation: Through "worry", fatigue, sleepiness.
9 String Song: Sing with the accompaniment of the piano.
10 Yan Hui: Zi Yuan, a Native of Lu during the Spring and Autumn Period, was Confucius's most admired disciple.
Zilu 1 and Zigong 2 and 3 say: "The master chased after Lu 4, cut down the traces in Wei 5, cut down trees in Song 6, and was poorer than Chen and Cai." The one who killed the master is not guilty, and the one who kills the master by 7 cannot help 8, and the master's string song encourages 9, and he has not tasted the sound. Guy's No Ugly 10 Is this also true? ”
【Notes】
1 Zilu: The word of Zhongyu. Zhongyou, Zizi Road, also Zi Ji Lu, Lu Guoren in the Spring and Autumn Period, a disciple of Confucius. During the reign of Duke Lu Ai, wei was in civil unrest, and Zilu was killed in order to rescue Wei Chugong.
2 Zigong: The word of Duanmu. Duanmu Zhi, Ming Zhi, Zi Zi Gong, The Defender of the State in the Spring and Autumn Period, a disciple of Confucius, who was able to speak eloquently and was good at business.
3 Phases and: Common, together.
4 Eviction from Lu: Expelled from the country of Lu. Confucius initially served as an official in the state of Lu, but the power of the three huans of the state of Lu was too large and the situation was unstable. After that, the monarch of the State of Lu was addicted to pleasure, did not ask about political affairs, and alienated Confucius, who had no choice but to leave the country of Lu and begin to travel around the world.
5 Cut to Wei: Not appointed in Weiguo. Confucius lived in Weiguo for a long time after leaving the state of Lu, but he was never appointed, and Wei Linggong even sent people to monitor Confucius. Scraping: Cutting the tracks means not being appointed.
6 Cutting down trees in the Song Dynasty: According to records, Confucius left the Cao Kingdom and went to the Song Kingdom to learn rituals with his disciples under a big tree, and someone in the Song Kingdom wanted to kill Confucius and cut down the big tree, and Confucius could only leave the Song Kingdom.
7 By: Trampling, bullying.
8 Forbidden: Prohibited.
9 String Song Encouragement: Sing with the accompaniment of the piano and dance with the accompaniment of the drum.
10 Ugly: Feeling ashamed, ashamed.
Yan Hui could not be compared to 1, and entered to sue Confucius. Confucius pushed the violin 2 and sighed: "By and give the little man also." Summons 4, I speak 5. ”
【Notes】
1 Yes: Answer.
2 CùRan: Unhappy look.
3 Sigh: Sigh, sigh.
4 Summons: Summons.
5 Language: Talk, talk.
Zi Lu and Zi Gong entered, Zi Gong said: "Such a 1, can be described as poor!" Confucius said, "What is the word?" A gentleman who reaches 2 is said to be poor in the Tao, and is poor in the Tao. Imamioka 3 also adheres to the 4 ways of benevolence and righteousness, so as to suffer from the troubles of the world, and its 5, what is the meaning of poverty?
【Notes】
1 Such: Refers to the various situations enumerated above.
2 Da: Access.
3 Qiu: Confucius's self-designation.
4 Restraint: Keep and stick to.
5 What it is: This is the meaning of being fit.
Therefore, introspection 1 without guilt 2 in the Tao, 3 difficulties without losing its virtue, the great cold is coming, the frost and snow are falling, and I am aware of the pine cypress 4 also. Xi Huan Gong got the Ju 5, Wen Gong got the Cao 6, and Yue Wang got the Hui Ji 7. Chen, Cai Zhi'e 8, Yu QiuQi is lucky! ”
【Notes】
1 Introspection: Introspection inwardly to examine yourself for fault.
2 Guilt: Guilt.
3 Pro: Bump into.
4 Both: Already.
5 Mao: Lush.
6 Duke Huan of Ju (jǔ): Duke Huan of Qi was forced to flee to ju in his early years, accumulating his own strength during the ju kingdom, and later returned to China as the monarch and achieved hegemony.
7 Duke Wen of Cao: Duke Wen of Jin was framed in his early years and forced to flee to other countries, and when passing through the State of Cao, the King of the State of Cao was very rude to him.
8 Yue Wang's Huizhi Ji: Yue Wang's Gou Jian sent troops to attack the State of Wu, but was surrounded by the Wu army at Huiji. Gou Jian was forced to surrender to king Wu, endured humiliation and burdens for many years, and finally defeated the state of Wu.
9 Doom: Distress, the predicament encountered.
Confucius fiercely returned 1 back to 2 and the strings, and Zi Lu resisted 3 and did 4 and danced. Zi Gong Yue: "I don't know the height of the heavens, and I don't know the 5 under the earth." "The ancient enlightened one, the poor are happy, the ones are happy, and the pleasures are not poor." If the Tao is obtained from this, it is poor and one, and it is the order of cold, summer, wind and rain. Therefore, Xu is from 7 Yu 8 to Yingyang, and Gongbo 9 to a total of 10.
【Notes】
1 Blazing: Awe-inspiring.
2 Back: Back, Take Back.
3 Resistance: The look of high ambition.
4 Dry: Shield, in this case refers to a kind of dance equipment.
5 Down: Low.
6 Order: Alternate in sequential order.
7 Xu You: Legend has it that he was a sage during the Yao Shun period, and during Yao Shun's reign, he wanted to cede the world to Xu Yu, but Xu Yu thought that this was an insult to him, refused to accept it, and ran to the yingshui and washed his ears with the river water.
8 Yu: "Entertaining" and happy.
9 Gongbo: That is, Gongbohe. Ji surname, first name and. After King Li of Zhou was expelled by his countrymen, the princes established gongbo and regent. After King Xuan of Zhou grew up, Gong Bohe returned to the government of King Xuan of Zhou and retired to Gongshou Mountain.
10 Co-heads: Mountain name, in the area of present-day Xinxiang, Henan.
Confucius was trapped between Chen Guo and Cai Guo, had not eaten for seven days, and did not mix rice grains with a soup made of quinoa. Zaiyu was hungry, Confucius sang with the sound of the piano in the house, and Yan Hui chose dishes outside. Zilu and Zigong said: "The master was expelled in the state of Lu, not appointed in the state of Wei, threatened by cutting down large trees in the song kingdom, and trapped in the state of Chen and Cai. There is no sin in killing the Master, there is no prohibition in bullying the Master, the Master sings with the sound of the piano, dances with the sound of drums, and the sound never stops. Probably there is no shame in a gentleman like this, right? Yan Hui had no way to answer, and went into the house to tell Confucius about this. Confucius pushed the violin away unhappily and sighed, "Zhongyu and Duanmushi are both villains." Call them in, I told them. ”
Zi Lu and Zi Gong came in, and Zi Gong said, "A situation like this can be said to be a dilemma!" Confucius said, "What are these words?" Only when a gentleman is well-connected on the tao can he be said to be attainable, and only when he is troubled on the path can he be said to be in distress. Now I also cling to the morality of benevolence and righteousness, and therefore suffer the scourge of the chaotic world, which is deserved, but how can it be said to be a hardship? So I reflect on myself without feeling guilty about the Tao, encounter disasters without losing morality, the cold has come, the frost and snow have fallen, and I know the luxuriantness of the pines. In the past, Huan Gong got it in Ju, Wen Gong got it in Cao, and Yue Wang got it in Huiji. The dilemma between Chen and Cai is lucky for me! ”
Confucius took back the serpent to play in awe, and Zi Lu held the shield dance with high spirits. Zigong said, "I don't know the height of the sky, I don't know the low of the earth." "Those who have attained enlightenment in ancient times are also happy in their misfortunes, and they are happy in their access, and it is not the hardships themselves that are happy. If you attain enlightenment here, then the hardships and access are the same, like the alternating wind and rain in the cold, summer, wind and rain. Therefore, Xu Yu was happy in the sun of Yingshui, and Gongbo was self-satisfied in Gongshou Mountain.