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I don't know if you have found such an interesting problem, whenever we talk about new energy electric vehicles, we always think of "hydrogen energy", and in the eyes of many people, hydrogen energy is the real future! Especially at the 2021 Expo, the "hydrogen element" C-bit debut, Toyota brought the second generation of hydrogen fuel cell vehicle Miral to become a special vehicle for the Winter Olympics, etc., but also many people look forward to the "hydrogen energy" car will soon rise strongly.
Recently, the Changan Deep Blue brand released its first model C385, I believe that everyone is very familiar with the appearance of the new car, but this time it has brought us a heavy bombshell, because it will be the first mass-produced hydrogen fuel cell car in China, and it can achieve 3 minutes of charging, 700km strength, and feed hydrogen consumption is also as low as 0.65 kg / 100km, energy consumption is even lower than Toyota's latest Miral (0.79 kg / 100 km) is lower!
In the eyes of many people, hydrogen will only produce water after combustion, will not produce harmful substances, and hydrogen is one of the most abundant elements on the earth, there is no shortage problem, more importantly, the charging time is short, a few minutes of fuel refueling can achieve more than 600 kilometers of endurance, unlike electric vehicles in front of the charging pile to spend less than an hour, more than ten hours of time.
Hydrogen energy is much stronger than electric vehicles in any way, but why is it delayed in the future popularization?
First, we need to understand where hydrogen comes from.
Even junior high school students know about this! Through the electrolysis of water can produce hydrogen and oxygen, and hydrogen in the air to burn and can generate water, so recycling, it can be said that it is both clean and hygienic, no matter how to look at it is a proper recyclable renewable resource! But it is not realistic to use it directly on the car, because the efficiency of hydrogen produced by this method is not high, and the cost is very high, and the current electrolyzed water accounts for only about 4% of the hydrogen energy preparation industry. Almost impossible.
In fact, China is the world's first hydrogen-producing country, the current national hydrogen production of more than 20 million tons, the current stage of hydrogen sources are mainly by-product recovery, coal to hydrogen, natural gas to hydrogen, oil cracking, electrolysis of water, etc., of which coal-to-hydrogen is the main source, accounting for about 60%.
So, how difficult is the development of hydrogen energy?
In fact, the debate between electric energy and hydrogen energy technology began as early as the last century, when many experts, scholars, and car companies in foreign countries have taken sides in hydrogen energy, and even in that year, major brands have launched their new hydrogen energy vehicles, of which the most well-known is Toyota's Mirai, which was really a big splash in the previous Winter Olympics.
It has to be said that hydrogen is a very flammable gas at room temperature and pressure, in simple terms, driving a hydrogen energy vehicle is like dragging a bomb to travel, although many large factories say that it is very safe, but it is still not verified by reality. Therefore, hydrogen has extremely high requirements for storage and transportation, and even the equipment for transporting hydrogen at this stage must rely on imports.
In addition, the hydrogen refueling station is not as efficient as the gas station, the current domestic hydrogen refueling station is not much, only 131 hydrogen refueling stations are in operation, to Chongqing's first hydrogen refueling station as an example, its hydrogen storage capacity of 1000 kg, daily hydrogen refueling capacity of 500 kg, only to meet the daily 50 vehicles hydrogenation, it is worth saying that the establishment of a hydrogen station needs to cost at least 10 million, so the cost can not hold at all!
In contrast, electric energy performs much better in this regard! After all, the national grid is very mature, there is no high storage and transportation costs, and the most important point is that the cost of building a charging pile is much lower than the cost of building a hydrogen station. Anyway, at this stage, charging is much more convenient than hydrogenation, unless there is a hydrogen refueling station near your home.
On the other hand, the "hydrogen energy" models at this stage are still electric vehicles in the end! Just the way to release electrical energy is not the same, there have been industry experts calculated, in fact, the utilization rate of hydrogen energy in the car is only about 57%, and if you count the hydrogen production, transportation, addition and other related steps, its utilization rate is only 38%. In contrast, electric energy is equivalent to factory direct sales, and its utilization rate is as high as about 80%, so no matter how it is calculated, the efficiency of hydrogen energy is far lower than that of electric vehicles.
Finally, hydrogen energy vehicles are all fuel cell technology path, and this fuel cell power generation process will use the precious metal "platinum" as a catalyst, more interestingly, platinum is also one of the world's top ten most expensive metals, its high price, basically no different from walking gold.
Conventional fuel cell stacks need 80g platinum, even if at this stage Toyota with leading technology to reduce it to about 15-20g, but the cost is still not low, at least much more expensive than the current mainstream lithium battery cost!
According to the current environment, will there be a future for "hydrogen energy"?
On the whole, at this stage of the competition between hydrogen energy and electric energy, it can be said that almost lost this game, and according to the previously published in the "Nature" research report shows that hydrogen fuel cells have three major disadvantages in commercialization, and at the end of the report put forward the conclusion that "hydrogen fuel cells have completely lost the opportunity in commercialization".
What is more interesting is that Toyota, which has done a good job in the field of hydrogen energy and is the most advanced, has announced that it will stop developing hydrogen energy and switch to the embrace of pure electric vehicles, so hydrogen energy vehicles have basically stepped off the altar. The launch of the hydrogen energy version of Changan C385 in my opinion is more of a façade, and its symbolic significance is greater than the actual significance, and it cannot be at least seen!
However, I personally believe that "hydrogen energy" must be the main energy source in the future, but in terms of current technology, the restrictions are very large and are not suitable for popularization to civilian vehicles, so you will also find that the current hydrogen energy direction is mainly focused on commercial vehicles. Unless there is a revolutionary breakthrough in hydrogen energy technology one day, the road to popularization will be very difficult.
However, after all, Changan C385 is the first model in China to mass-produce hydrogen energy vehicles, so it is still more expected for the comprehensive performance of new cars! What do you think?
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