The famous British playwright Shakespeare left countless classic works in his lifetime, and "Romeo and Juliet" is the best of many works.
Romeo and Juliet is one of Shakespeare's "Four Tragedies", which mainly tells the story of Juliet, the daughter of the Italian nobleman Capulette, and Romeo, the son of Montague, who are truly in love, but are blocked by the families of both sides, and the lovers can not become dependents in the end.
In China, there are also love tragedies similar to those of Romeo and Juliet, that is, Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai that occurred in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Zhu Yingtai initially dressed as a man and accidentally met Liang Shanbo. Later, Zhu Yingtai married Ma Wencai, and Liang Shanbo died in grief.
On the day of Zhu Yingtai's marriage, she deliberately took a detour to pay tribute to Liang Shanbo, and the two turned into butterflies and have been free from then on.
Whether it is "Romeo and Juliet" or "Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai", they are all from folklore or artificially created drama stories.
However, at the end of the Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, there was a woman named Zhang Yuniang in Songyang Town, Zhejiang Province, whose life experience was comparable to That of Zhu Yingtai.
In July 1250, Zhang Yuniang was born in a family of eunuchs in Songyang County, Lishui, Zhejiang. Zhang Yuniang's great-grandfather was a jinshi during the Song Dynasty, his grandfather was a Dengshilang, and his father served as a local magistrate in Lishui.
The family is rich, coupled with Zhang Yuniang's unusual intelligence since childhood, good reading, never forget, the reputation has spread throughout the ten miles and eight townships, and the neighbors know that the old Zhang family has given birth to a good daughter. Since then, together with Li Qingzhao, Zhu Shuzhen and Wu Shuji, he has been called the "Four Great Female Lyricists of the Song Dynasty".
Perhaps it is the providence of the underworld, in songyang county, in addition to the Zhang family, there is another family of scholars, that is, the Shen family that has been obscure.
Most of the families whose ancestors have produced Yuanlang are local famous and prestigious families, even if the family is in the middle of the road, at least the education of their children is not a problem.
What is more coincidental is that on the day of Zhang Yuniang's birth, the current wife of the Shen family also gave birth to a boy, and the owner of the family named the little prince Shen Yu.
Shen Yu was only born three hours earlier than Zhang Yuniang, and both sides could be counted as being born on the same day of the same month of the same year.
The Shen family is similar to the Zhang family style, and it is also one of the few official eunuch families in Songyang County. The two families have been friends for generations, Zhang Yuniang and Shen Yu have been young plum bamboo horses since childhood, and the two children have no guesses, and they follow each other to visit each other's homes.
After growing up, Shen Yu and Zhang Yuniang often studied poetry together, or read books, or played the piano, or chanted poems against each other.
Seeing this, the parents of these two people were very happy. Shen Yu's father believed that Zhang Yuniang was versatile, kind-hearted, and soft-looking, and would definitely be a rare sage in the future.
Zhang Yuniang's father believes that Shen Yu, a young man, has extraordinary literary talent and excellent character. In addition, the two families are door-to-door pairs, and there is no class difference. In 1265, when Zhang Yuniang and Shen Yu were 15 years old, the two families naturally completed the engagement ceremony.
After the engagement, Zhang Yuniang and Shen Yu had no estrangement, and the two sides had closer exchanges. At this time, Zhang Yuniang embroidered a sachet for her lover and wrote a "purple sachet" to give to Shen Qi.
《Purple Sachet》
Cherish the heavenly grandson cut zixia, agarwood shame to recognize the old prosperity
Silk Orchid alone embraces the spirit and exercises, and does not bring spring breeze children's flowers
If the story develops here, I believe that Zhang Yuniang and Shen Yu are like the princes and princesses in the fairy tale, living a very happy and happy life, which makes people envious.
But the ancients clouded, the sky has unpredictable storms, and people have bad luck and bad luck.
At that time, the court of the Southern Song Dynasty was degenerate and decayed, coupled with foreign enemies, the country would not be a country, and the great Song Dynasty had exhausted its strength.
Shortly after Zhang Yuniang and Shen Yu were engaged, Shen Yu's parents unfortunately died, and without the control of the old two, the young Shen Yu could not keep the great family business at all.
Shen Yu has been dressed in fine clothes since he was a child, although he is talented, after all, he is still young. Seeing that his family was in the middle of the road, coupled with the decay of the imperial court, he lost the confidence to obtain meritorious names.
Zhang Yuniang's father saw that the Shen family had completely collapsed, and was worried that his daughter would suffer by marrying Shen Qi, so he had the idea of repenting. Zhang Yuniang is very sad, and her heart has always been deeply in love with her fiancé Shen Qi.
But after all, her arms could not twist her thighs, and when she learned that her father had the idea of repenting, she was helpless, so she wrote a poem called "Double Swallow Departure".
"Double Swallow Departure"
The poplar flowers are beautiful in spring, and the yellow crane curtain is hanging low. The swallows doubled and doubled, turning the chicks into an old fortress. The autumn wind suddenly rises at night, calling each other to cross the river. The wind is high and the river is dangerous, and the things are scattered and flying. Red Path Purple Mo Fang broke off, Zhu Hu Qiong window dream violation. Haggard Wei Is a beautiful person, and he returns home alone every year.
After seeing this song "Double Yan Departure", Shen Yu decided to change his former wrongs, and repeatedly went to the door to ask Zhang Yuniang's father not to repent, and he also expressed his determination not to marry Zhang Yuniang.
Seeing that the son-in-law he had chosen in the past was so confident and firm, Zhang Yuniang's parents made concessions. However, they put forward a condition, although Shen Yu's family fell in the middle of the road, but he was talented, if he could continue to study hard and get a meritorious name as soon as possible, Zhang Yuniang would not insult the family style by marrying him.
In 1271, the 21-year-old Shen Yu entered Beijing to take the exam. In the capital, he successfully passed three examinations and entered the temple examination, and eventually became the eye of the current class.
The news reached Songyang County, and Zhang Yuniang was particularly happy. Because Shen Yu had already been named in the gold list and would definitely become an official in the future, his father had no reason to repent of his marriage.
But fate is often so repeated, although Shen Qi won the eye, but because of years of hard study, do not pay attention to the conditioning of the body, resulting in the young Shen Qi suffering from a variety of chronic diseases.
On the way from Songyang County to Hangzhou for the exam, Shen Qi suffered from typhoid fever again. In order not to delay the examination, he endured the pain of illness and insisted on completing all the examinations. On the day of the release of the list, a stone in Shen Qi's heart was also considered to have fallen to the ground, but he could not afford to be ill from then on.
In December 1271, Shen Qi died of illness. After Zhang Yuniang learned of this news, she washed her face with tears all day long, and her parents felt sorry for their daughter and wanted to choose another son-in-law for her. Zhang Yuniang said sadly, "Those who have not died in the concubine are second to ear." In this way, he showed his attitude of refusing to marry others.
On the fifteenth day of the first month of 1272 AD, it was another year of the Lantern Festival, and Zhang Yuniang at this time had a serious illness and was bedridden due to excessive thoughts about Shen Yu and sullen and unhappy for several days.
At the time of drowsiness, Zhang Yuniang was still thinking about her lover Shen Qi, and murmured in her mouth: "Why did Shen Lang leave me first?" After another half a month, Zhang Yuniang finally went on a hunger strike and died.
The maids Shuang'e and Zi'e, who lived with Yuniang day and night, did not want to live alone and died one after another. Legend has it that the parrots raised by Zhang Yuniang before her death also "fell in sorrow".
Zhang Yuniang's parents were grief-stricken, and in order to fulfill their daughter's wishes, they obtained the consent of the descendants of the Shen family and buried Yuniang and Shen Yu together in Fenglin, a western suburb of Songyang County.
Shuang'e, Zi'e and parrots (boudoir Sanqing) are buried around the tombs of Shen Yu and Yu Niang, which is the famous "parrot tomb" in Songyang.
During the Chenghua period of the Ming Dynasty, Zhang Yuniang's deeds and poetry works were discovered by Wang Zhao, a Yiren, and began to be known to the world.
During the reign of Qing Shunzhi, the famous playwright Meng Called Shun was touched by his deeds when he was in charge of Songyang, and took the initiative to raise donations to expand the ancestral hall for Zhang Yuniang, published the "Lan Xue Collection", and created a script for her "Zhang Yuniang's Boudoir Sanqing Parrot Tomb Zhenwen Record".
In the TV series "The Biography of Zhen Huan", Zhen Huan played Zhang Yuniang's poem "The Height of the Mountain" several times when she was playing the piano. It can be seen how much Empress Zhen likes this ancient style poem.
It is difficult to say who contributed to the tragedy between Zhang Yuniang and Shen Qi. It is often said that love is pure and not adulterated with other impurities. If Shen Yu and Zhang Yuniang were ordinary people and married early, there might not have been any accidents that occurred later.
Rather than saying that Shen Qi and Zhang Yuniang were both bitter people, it was better to say that these two people had a limited time to QinSe and Ming. You have me on both sides, I have you, even after death can still be buried together, related deeds have been sung by posterity to this day, it is also a good story.