In the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, there was actually no system of prefectures and counties, and some were only the system of counties and counties, so the so-called Kyushu was just a doctrine, to a greater extent, or just a certain thinking of the princes and monarchs.
It is rumored that the State of Chu was the first country to implement the county system, but the so-called county system of the State of Chu was still quite rough, that is, the monarch did not really have absolute control over the counties, for example, King Wu of Chu had just implemented the county system, and the county governor soon launched a rebellion, which showed that the earliest control was quite weak.
Two or three thousand years ago, the local administrative mechanism may not have yet taken the prefectures and counties as a fixed model, at that time it was more advanced, and more recognized by the Tianzi and the princes, or the sub-feudal system, that is, the Tianzi divided the land to the princes, the princes divided the territory, directly responsible for the Tianzi, and then there were no more levels, and the courtiers of the princely states, although nominally belonged to the Son of Heaven, but the actual decision-making power was controlled by the princes. The sub-sealing system is actually only a two-level system.
The real reason why the princes really realized the superiority of the county system was because of the continuous war, and later not only the control of the Son of Heaven over the princes was weakened, but even the control of the princes over the courtiers was weakened. The county system is to re-divide the so-called princely states, the princely states can no longer have absolute existence significance, the land territory is weak, geographical resources are often cut, and the new local administrative system, that is, the system of counties and counties, is popularized. That is, the county is directly subordinate to the son of heaven or the monarch, the head of the county is directly responsible to the son of heaven or the monarch, and the princes or certain courtiers who are the middle class disappear.
Later, Qin Shi Huang unified the world and vigorously promoted the county system, and such a system had the advantage that power was highly concentrated on the Son of Heaven or the monarch, and the crisis of the private development of local separatist forces seemed to have been eliminated. But in fact, a greater crisis has emerged, because the power is highly concentrated, resulting in Qin Shi Huang spending most of his time every day on reviewing the recitals, and it is also possible that he will eventually get sick after hard work.
Of course, Qin Shi Huang may have some understanding of this, but also improved the three dukes system since the Western Zhou Dynasty, that is, to set up a chancellor under the emperor, and the status of this chancellor is equivalent to that of the later premier of the state, that is, to share many businesses for the emperor. This minister can be said to be above ten thousand people under one person, but there is a problem that this minister is only the leader of the civilian officials, but the army has lost its strength, this consideration of course has its own thinking, that is, to avoid the Spring and Autumn Period since the power of the ministers to become bigger, such as the Jin State, the State of Qi and even song and Lu and other countries, there have been power ministers monopoly of state politics or even change of dynasty.
It is obvious that the Spring and Autumn Warring States implemented the county system and controlled the country very well, but the division of power for the power of the ministers was roughly completed in the qin shi huang era, when the six kingdoms were destroyed, the original model of the power of the ministers holding the military and political power gradually disappeared, and then replaced by the state control model of the qin state county system plus the division of power. Although the Qin state has reformed, but the power of the state is still in the hands of the emperor, the chancellor and the local county chiefs, the state does not have a sufficiently mature local management system, even in the Qin state, there are many families with extremely strong forces, the original six remaining old nobles, at any time ready to overthrow the Qin Dynasty.
At that time, Shang Martin was actually very worried about the strength of the local family, and there was a fixed clause in the change of law, requiring that a family could not have two males, and that when a man grew up to be eighteen years old, he must live separately from his parents, and as long as there were more than two adult men in the family, at least one person must be required to serve in the military, and if there was an armed struggle between local families, he would be arrested by the local county magistrate. Of course, this system was only implemented very thoroughly in the Qin Kingdom, and the Six Kingdoms were not thorough, and Qin Shi Huang destroyed the Six Kingdoms, although in the vigorous promotion of the state system with common norms such as che tonggui, the centuries-old charm left by the Six Kingdoms in that year may be difficult to erase. In the late Qin Dynasty, local forces became independent, and many of them had local family forces.
The history books have, "the thirteen states of the first stab history department", which is also the beginning of the establishment of states and counties. The place was called a state, and it was only from this time on. Later, in the late Han Dynasty, there was the so-called state pastor, and he became the highest official of a county. The emergence of these governors has actually re-divided the hierarchy of power. For example, in those years, the county chief had to manage various affairs, and the power was relatively centralized, while Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty set up thirteen prefectures, and the history of the assassination of the prefecture was basically the same level as the county chief, and unlike those supervision chiefs in the capital at that time, in the Spring and Autumn And Warring States period, there were few local supervision officials, even if the so-called supervision was also in the late Warring States period, the so-called supervision in the Spring and Autumn Period was mostly achieved by Zhou Tianzi by dividing the supervision state, and the supervision was only a certain region, and it was impossible to monitor the actions of the princes or courtiers. After the Qin and Han Dynasties, the history of the assassination of each prefecture gradually began to assume the responsibility of supervision, and the supervision of power covered more to a broader level.
China's local administration is no longer a simple two-level system, but a more diversified management and monitoring system. The single model of tianzi and county administration also appeared as a more standardized system, and the power of the emperor was still concentrated, but there were more courtiers who could share responsibilities in the court, and even under the localities, the politics was more mature, and the country was more stable.