In China's history, most of the courtiers had a dream, that is, to become the prime minister "under one person, under ten thousand people", why is it the prime minister and not the prime minister? Perhaps many of us have some doubts, the prime minister and the prime minister do not both refer to a kind of official position, the two titles in many TV series can be converted to each other, in fact, many people understand the wrong, the meaning of the two is very different.
At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, Qi Jinggong set up the left and right phases, and since then the "phase" has appeared in history as an official position. In the Warring States period, King Huiwen of Qin set up Xiang State again, and this official position existed as the "chief of a hundred officials". After King Wu of Qin ascended the throne, he also set up the official position of "Xiang Xiang", which was divided into left Cheng Xiang and right Cheng Xiang, which were two official positions second only to Xiang Bang.
In the State of Qin, the most famous Xiang State was Lü Buwei, and after Lü Buwei, no one in the State of Qin held the position of Xiang State. After Hu Hai ascended the throne of Qin II, he made Zhao Gaoli the Prime Minister. At this time, the State of Qin had three official positions of left, center, and right.
In the Han Dynasty, Liu Bang re-established the position of Xiang State and changed his name to Xiang Guo. Many people think that Xiao He was the first Xiangguo of the Han Dynasty, but in fact he is not. The first Xiangguo of the Han Dynasty was Han Xin, and Xiao He was the first chancellor of the Han Dynasty, and his official position was lower than that of Han Xin.
When Liu Bang's son Emperor Hui of Han ascended the throne, the post of Xiangguo was abolished at the behest of Empress Lü, and only the position of Chancellor was retained. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, the famous chancellor Cao Cao and the Eastern Wei minister Gao Huan were all famous ministers of power in history. In the Sui and Tang dynasties, the position of chancellor was rarely established.
From the above, we can understand that the chancellor is a specific official position, which is responsible for the corresponding affairs, and was still the position of the second in command during the Qin and Han dynasties. So what did the prime minister represent in ancient China?
In ancient China, zai was the collective name for the courtiers who held the highest power in the central government, in addition to the monarch. "Zai" represents "domination", Zhou Gong Ji Dan was once known as "Dazai", in the early days of the feudal era, the prime minister is the person with the highest administrative power, so that under the real one person, the power is in the hands, at this time the prime minister's power can be competed with the imperial power.
In the early days of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the emperor deliberately suppressed Xiang Quan, and the official positions such as Xiang Xiang and Xiang Guo were not set up again, and the people who controlled the government were generally "Great Sima and Great Situ", but there were no real power figures who could be called "Prime Ministers". It was not until the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty that Dong Zhuojin was given the title of "Xiangguo" and later Cao Cao was named "Xiang Guo", that the courtiers were awarded the honor of "Prime Minister".
By the time of the Tang Dynasty, the three-province and six-part system had been effectively implemented, and the power of the prime minister had been further divided, but there were many prime ministers in the Tang Dynasty. In the third year of Zhenguan, Tang Taizong's Zhongshu Orders Li Jing, Yu Wenshi, Wang Jue, the Secretary Supervisor (Counselor yu Zheng), and the Left and Right Servants of Shangshu Province, Fang Xuanling and Du Ruyi, all six of them can be said to be prime ministers, but their rights are firmly imprisoned, and there is no longer the existence of power to the opposition.
The prime minister has existed as a system for a long time, whether it is the Xiang state of the Qin Dynasty, the Xiang State of the Han Dynasty, the Xiang Xiang, the servant of the Tang Dynasty, the Tongzhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi of the Song Dynasty, these people can all be called the Prime Minister. The chancellor is a specific official position that exists in history, and there is no chancellor in many dynasties.
Now that everyone understands the difference between the prime minister and the prime minister, if you travel back to ancient times, will you also have the dream of ruling the world?