September 28
By the Sichuan Provincial Department of Culture and Tourism
Sponsored by Sichuan Provincial Bureau of Cultural Heritage
The Sichuan Museum unites the whole country
Jointly organized by 48 brother cultural institutions
Opened in Chengdu
"Qingchuan nationality" national first-class cultural relics
Nine years of Xiang Bang Lü Bu Wei Tongge
Debut at the show
Qingchuan release,
"Qingchuan nationality" national first-class cultural relics nine years Xiangbang Lü Buwei Tongge unveiled the "Mountains, High Waters, Wide Horizons -- Special Exhibition of Bronze Civilization in the Yangtze River Basin". In 1987, a Warring States bronze ge was accidentally found in Qingchuan County, Sichuan Province. This bronze ge is engraved with seal inscriptions such as "Nine Years", "Xiangbang Lü BuweiZao" and "Chengdu", which is also the earliest physical object engraved with the name of "Chengdu", which has become a strong evidence that Chengdu has not changed the name of the city for more than 2,000 years.
First-class cultural relics were picked up in the fields
In September 1987, a farmer in Baishui District (now Shazhou Town) in Qingchuan County, Guangyuan Province, was working in a field when he suddenly found an object that resembled a sickle. He washed and found that there were faint words on it, unlike modern objects, and took the initiative to hand it over to the local cultural center. The staff of the cultural center realized that this object was quite unusual, took the copper ge to Chengdu, and successively found different cultural relics experts, believing that it was a bronze weapon from more than 2,000 years ago.
Among the experts invited to examine this cultural relic that year was Huang Jiaxiang, an expert from the Sichuan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology. He was deeply impressed by the bronze ge: the total length of the bronze ge is 26.5 cm, and the most surprising thing is that there are inscriptions on both sides of the goggle, a total of more than 20 characters. The front inscription is carved with a metal blade, the pen is extremely thin, the font is sloppy, and the mouth is shallow. Other scholars say that the positive inscription on it reads: "Nine years, Xiang Bang Lü Bu Wei Zhao." Shu Shouxuan, Donggong Shouwen, Cheng Wu, Gongji, Chengdu. The back of the casting text: "Shu Dong Gong".
The bronze ge is just over 20 words, containing rich information. Huang Jiaxiang said that it can be seen from the literal that this bronze ge was built in the ninth year of the Reign of the Qin Dynasty (that is, 238 BC), supervised by the "Xiang state" Lü Buwei. Xiang Bang, that is, Xiang Guo, is a little higher than the position of Xiang Xiang. According to the regulations of the Qin State, the minister was responsible for the national government affairs, and the casting of weapons was naturally supervised by him, so his name should be engraved.
Only 4 pieces of this kind of Lü Buweige have been found in the whole country so far, and the one found in Qingchuan is most likely the last batch of copper ge produced by Lü Buwei when he was alive. According to historical records, in the ninth year of the reign of the Qin Dynasty, làoǎi (嫪毐) (làoǎi), who was closely related to Lü Buwei, rebelled, and Yan Yi was the lover of Zhao Ji, the mother of Qin Shi Huang. The Qin dynasty imposed capital punishment on Concubine Yi and deposed Lü Buwei, killing Lü Buwei the following year. After the Qingchuan Warring States Bronze Ge was confirmed by experts, it naturally became a national first-class cultural relic, providing valuable physical materials for the study of Qin Dynasty weapons.
In the words engraved on the seal on the bronze ge, the words "Cheng Wu", "Gong Ji" and "Shu Dong Gong" also appear. The Cheng in "Cheng Wu" is a first-class official under the engineer, the deputy of the engineer, and the "Cheng" who supervises the production of this piece, named "Wu". The "pole" in "Gongji" should be the name of the craftsman who made this piece. The unit that built the weapons was the "Shudong Gong", and this practice of engraving the responsible person on the utensils of the "Wule Gong Name" is a concrete reflection of the manual production management model of the Qin State.
Provide rich information for the study of Chengdu's history
For Sichuan, the text on This Lü Buweigo is obviously more precious.
Huang Jiaxiang said that as one of the first batch of historical and cultural cities in the country, Chengdu is most proud of the fact that the city site has not changed for more than 2,000 years, and the name of the city has not changed. The basis for the unchanged name of the city was mainly from historical records. The excavation of this Lü buweigo proves the authenticity of the documentary record in the form of physical objects. Even in recent years, bronze weapons of the Warring States engraved with the word "Chengdu" have been found in Places such as the Yingjing of Ya'an and Pujiang in Chengdu, but only Qingchuan is engraved with an accurate chronology, so it is more precious.
According to historical records, Chengdu developed handicraft industry in the Han Dynasty, and the Han Dynasty government set up workers, jinguans and car officials here to supervise the manufacture of related products. The three words "Shudonggong" on Lü Buweige prove that as early as 2200 years ago, Chengdu's handicraft industry has reached the level of "state-owned enterprises".
As for the record of "Shu Shou Xuan", it also fills in the gaps in the literature of Shu Shou's position. Huang Jiaxiang said that the most famous Shu Shou was Li Bing, who built Dujiangyan and turned the Chengdu Plain into a "country of heavenly palaces" with thousands of miles of fertile wilderness. After that, the most famous Shu Shou in the Han Dynasty was Wen Weng, who built the Wen Weng Stone Room, so that the literary vein has continued in Shudi since then. Lü Buweige's discovery also allowed Shu Shou "Xuan", which had never appeared in historical materials, to be certified.
Lü Buweige found it in Qingchuan, indicating that after Qin destroyed Bashu, the Qin state had begun to strategize the "granary" Shu land, and Qingchuan was already under the direct jurisdiction of the Qin state at that time. This Lü Buweigo should be the weapon used by the officers and soldiers guarding this place in those years.