What is history: it is the echo of the past to the future, the reflection of the future on the past. - Hugo
As everyone knows, in the later period of the War of Liberation, many senior Kuomintang generals saw the situation clearly and laid down their weapons one after another and defected to our army. With regard to the uprising and to these generals who joined our army, our army has been just, encouraging and tolerant, and has given them the treatment they deserve. For example, Chen Mingren and Dong Qiwu not only retained the establishment of their army after the uprising, but also reinstated their officers and served as corps commanders, allowing them to lead the troops to fight again, making great contributions to the construction of new China. He was also awarded the rank of general in 1955 and was treated very well in our army.
Relative to the strategic significance, gao Shuxun, the first high-ranking Kuomintang general, played a crucial role in our army's policy of opposing senior Kuomintang generals in the future, and was no less important than Chen Mingren, Dong Qiwu, and others. His ongoing defection also directly determined the outcome of the final victory in the Battle of Pinghan. Then, gao Shuxun, who was known as the first person in the Kuomintang uprising, held such an important position after the founding of the People's Republic of China?
Gao Shuxun was able to stand up for the first time at the beginning of the Liberation War, which has a certain historical origin.
Gao Shuxun, who was once a soldier under Feng Yuxiang, was later promoted to a senior general in the Northwest Army through hard work. In 1930, Feng Yuxiang and Chiang Kai-shek fought a great war, the Northwest Army was defeated, the troops were disintegrated and absorbed by Chiang Kai-shek, and Gao Shuxun, who served as the commander of Feng Yuxiang's 27th Division, became a general under Chiang Kai-shek.
The Northwest Army was not a descendant of Chiang Kai-shek, so its generals were very unpopular. After the reorganization, Chiang Kai-shek immediately transferred Shuxun's 27th Division to Jiangxi to encircle and suppress the Red Army. If Chiang Kai-shek wins the war, if he does not win, he can indirectly weaken the strength of the Northwest Army, which is also the intention of the old Chiang Kai-shek, and Gao Shuxun naturally understands.
Northwest Army
However, what Gao Shuxun never expected was that all the officers and men of the 27th Division were finally rebelled by our army and all revolted, which made Gao Shuxun very shocked. This was also the first time that Gao Shuxun knew how strong the Red Army was, and this time he lost, he was afraid that Chiang Kai-shek would hold him responsible, and he had no choice but to flee to the Tianjin Concession to hide.
In 1933, Feng Yuxiang established the Anti-Japanese Allied Army in Zhangjiakou, and gao Shuxun immediately joined Feng Yuxiang's command after learning about it, and in the allied army, he began to get acquainted with some United Front personnel of our army and began to have a further understanding of the revolutionary situation. Although the Allies eventually failed, it also opened a correct revolutionary door for Gao Shuxun.
After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression in 1937, Song Zheyuan, then chairman of the North China Political Affairs Committee, appointed Gao Shuxun as the deputy director of the Hebei Security Department, responsible for training the county security teams. After the Great Wall Resistance in 1933, Chiang Kai-shek signed an armistice with the Japanese, and the Central Army withdrew from North China.
After several years of development in North China, the Northwest Army has formed a strong force, and Song Zheyuan has secretly established a "small imperial court". At that time, Chiang Kai-shek was powerless to intervene, and Song Zheyuan was born as a warlord and the idea of occupying the land and claiming the title of king was still relatively serious.
Song Zheyuan
Therefore, although the North China region is openly under the leadership of Chiang Kai-shek, it cannot be led at all in practice, and in order not to be annexed by Chiang Kai-shek, Song Zheyuan allowed many forces to coexist in North China, including our army and the Japanese army. At that time, General Zhu Rui of our army was doing united front work in Baoding, and he had frequent contacts with Gao Shuxun.
Later, Mr. Peng went to Baoding to talk with Song Zheyuan, and received Gao Shuxun, which made Gao Shuxun further understand our army, and later the Japanese army broke the balance of forces in North China and took the lead in using force. It has further promoted the liaison between our army and the Northwest Army.
At that time, Gao Shuxun also invited some generals of the Eighth Route Army to his own troops and was responsible for organizing county security teams to carry out anti-Japanese activities. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, with the help of the Eighth Route Army, Gao Shuxun's troops greatly increased in strength and expanded by 9 regiments. However, Song Zheyuan's old ministry, which was not very progressive in many aspects of thinking, informed Chiang Kai-shek that Gao Shuxun had come too close to our army.
Chiang Kai-shek listened to the letter and transferred him to the commander of the New Eighth Army and assigned him to Shi Yousan's 39th Group Army, Shi Yousan was a famous defecting general who had once turned against Chiang Kai-shek, and later his act of defecting to the enemy became public, and Gao Shuxun did not want to join the crowd, so he planned to assassinate Shi Yousan and became the commander-in-chief of the 39th Group Army himself.
However, it was not a good thing to have a high position of power, and Gao Shuxun also began to drift, began to have illusions about the Nationalist army, and his thinking began to lean toward the Kuomintang. But after all, he was a miscellaneous army, chiang kai-shek did not want to support him at all, and later the commander of the 69th Army under Shi Yousanyuan was bribed by Tang Enbo and separated from the 39th Group Army, and Chiang Kai-shek sent his concubines to serve as the commander of the New 8th Army.
When Gao Shuxun was the commander of the Eighth Army, several regimental commanders of our army once lost contact with the organization. Among them were Wang Dingnan, Wu Jingluo and others, Wang Dingnan was detained by the Nationalist army in 1944, and was later rescued by the awakened Gao Shuxun, and in May 1945, he served as a senator at the headquarters of the 11th Theater of Gao Shuxun's department, and Wu Jingluo was Gao Shuxun's confidential secretary at this time, and the main task of the two of them was to plot against Gao Shuxun's uprising.
Through Wang Dingnan and others, Gao Shuxun had secret contacts with the Eighth Route Army and had many negotiations, which made Gao Shuxun more aware of the policies of the Eighth Route Army. He also wrote a letter, through Wang Dingnan to Liu Deng's two chiefs, Liu Deng felt that Gao Shuxun had the possibility of fighting, and the opportunity was very great.
At that time, Gao Shuxun was ostracized and suspicious by the Nationalist army, and he knew that he could only survive if he was close to the Eighth Route Army. In the early days of the War of Liberation, the disparity between the strength of our army and the Kuomintang was very large, which also set the direction for our army to win over the marginalized generals within the Kuomintang and open up a new front, which was of great significance.
At that time, Chiang Kai-shek was also clever, and sent three armies, namely Gao Shuxun's New 8th Army, Ma Fa's 40th Army, and Lu Chongyi's 30th Army, a total of 45,000 people, to attack the Jinji-Hebei Luyu Liberated Area. These three armies are all miscellaneous armies, and even if they are all reimbursed, Chiang Kai-shek is not distressed; when our army learned of this, the chairman instructed us to stop the advance of these three armies to the north and cover the Northeast Army at all costs.
Just when Gao Shuxun wanted to revolt, under the planning of Liu Deng, Gao Shuxun, then deputy commander of the 11th Theater and commander of the Eighth Army, led 80,000 people to revolt in advance, and cooperated with our army to win the Pinghan Campaign. The other 2 armies were attacked by Chen Xilian's third column, and the entire army was destroyed in 2 days. After the uprising, Gaobu was reorganized into the Democratic Construction Army, with Gao Shuxun as commander-in-chief.
Deng Zong later recalled this battle and said: "He made great merit, at that time there was no uprising, although the enemy would not have won, but it would not have been so crisply defeated, and the ability to retreat was still there, as soon as he revolted, the other two armies were wiped out, and only three thousand people ran." ”
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Gao Shuxun was elected as a member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, a member of the National Defense Commission, a member of the Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee, and a long-term vice governor of Hebei Province, and was also awarded the Order of the People's Liberation Army of the First Class, and in 1955, because he had left the army, he could not receive the title, but with his merits and the influence of the uprising, if he remained in the army, at least the rank of lieutenant general or above.