Lu Xun's "Small Miscellaneous Feelings" and its interpretation

Small Miscellaneous Sense / Lu Xun

The sting of the bee loses its own life as soon as it is used; The cynic thorn, with one use, prolonged his own life.

They are so different.

John Mueller said: "Despotism turns people into cynicism."

And he didn't know that the republic had silenced people.

To go to the battlefield, it is better to be a military doctor; To make a revolution, it is better to go to the rear; To kill someone is to be an executioner. Both heroic and stable.

Talk to celebrities and scholars, and pretend not to understand what he says. Too ignorant to be looked down upon, too ignorant to be disgusted. Occasionally, if you don't understand something, you are most suitable for each other.

The world probably only knows the command sword, so it commands the samurai, but it does not think that it can also command the literati.

It's a transcript of a speech, and it's a transcript of a speech.

But unfortunately, it is not explained why he is different from before; Nor did it say whether he really believed his words when he spoke.

Broad and wise people are like dying yesterday.

The fools of all kinds died yesterday.

Once generous to retro, is being generous to maintain the status quo, not to be generous to innovate.

That's pretty much it. probably!

Their so-called retro is a return to the years they remember, not the Yuxia Shang Zhou.

There is motherhood in a woman's nature, there is daughter sex; Unwifeed.

Wifehood is forced, just a mixture of motherhood and daughterhood.

Prevent being deceived.

Those who claim to be thieves do not need to be guarded, but they are good people; Those who claim to be upright gentlemen must be guarded against, but the opposite is a thief.

Downstairs a man is sick to death, and the family in the wall is singing a phonograph; Opposite is to get kids. Two people upstairs were laughing wildly; And the sound of cards being played. There were women crying on boats in the river about her dead mother.

The joys and sorrows of human beings are not the same, I just think they are noisy.

Every time a person in torn clothes walks by, the dog barks, but in fact, it is not the dog owner's intention or provocation.

The dog tends to be harsher than its owner.

I am afraid that one day it will be forbidden to wear rag shirts, otherwise it will be the Communist Party.

Revolutionary, counter-revolutionary, non-revolutionary.

The revolutionary were killed by the counter-revolutionaries. The counter-revolutionary were killed by the revolutionaries. Those who are not revolutionary or are killed as revolutionaries are killed by counter-revolutionaries, or those who are killed as counter-revolutionaries, or those who are not killed as revolutionaries or counter-revolutionaries for nothing.

Revolution, leather revolution, leather revolution, leather leather ....

When people feel lonely, they will create; When he feels clean, there is no creation, and he has no love.

Creation is always rooted in love.

Yang Zhu has no books.

Although the creation expresses his heart, he always wants someone to watch it.

Creation is social.

But sometimes just one person looks at it and is satisfied: a friend, a lover.

People tend to hate monks, nuns, Muslims, And Jesus, but not Taoists.

Those who understand this principle understand most of China.

People who want to commit suicide will also be afraid of the ocean of the sea and the fragility of dead bodies in summer.

But when he encountered a clear pool of calm and cool autumn nights, he often committed suicide.

Anyone who is "condemned" by the authorities is guilty of a "crime."

Liu Bang removed Qin's harshness, "Covenant with the father and the elder, the three chapters of the law." ”

Later, there were still clan curses, still forbidden books, or Qin law.

The three chapters of the Law, the words of the ear.

When I saw the short sleeves, I immediately thought of white arms, I immediately thought of full nudity, I immediately thought of genitals, I immediately thought of sexual intercourse, I immediately thought of hybridization, I immediately thought of illegitimate children.

Chinese imagination can only leap forward at this level.

September 24.

【Analysis】

Lu Xun's miscellaneous feelings are generally discussed on a case-by-case basis, but this "Small Miscellaneous Feelings" extensively involves many events and problems in society, and is the sum of the author's feelings about various social phenomena in a specific period. The 21 aphorisms and aphorisms examine the social reality before and after Chiang Kai-shek's rebellion and revolution in 1927 from multiple sides and angles, and are a true portrayal of Chinese social life in this period after the refraction of the author's heart.

"Small Miscellaneous Feelings" is neither a work that reflects real life in a realistic way, nor is it different from the general miscellaneous essays that discuss reasoning. In "Small Miscellaneous Feelings", real life is highly typicalized through the refraction of the writer's thoughts and artistic observation, concentrated on a certain point of view, and condensed into poetic language expression. The "smallness" of "Little Miscellaneous Feeling" refers to the refinement and shortness of this system. This form in Lu Xun's essays is often referred to as aphorisms and aphorisms. The author uses this form to express his views on social life, and in a short period of discourse, he condenses profound life experience and philosophical thoughts, which is the crystallization of the author's empirical summary and philosophical thinking for a variety of life phenomena. It is not difficult to understand the ideological background of these aphorisms and aphorisms in the context of that time, but due to the high degree of condensation and subtlety of the language of aphorisms and aphorisms, some of them need to understand more about the author's relevant ideas and dig deeper in order to ascend to their ideological halls. The following classification is a bit of a brief analysis.

The first category, due to the stimulation of current events, releases anger and lyricism, and mostly contains the nature of criticism and disclosure. This category occupies a prominent position in "Small Miscellaneous Feelings" and is the most numerous, and the 5th, 6th, 7th, 11th, 13th, 14th, 15th, 19th, etc. all belong to this category. They focused more on the attack and exposure of the new Kuomintang warlords who had committed the April 12 counter-revolutionary massacre. For example, in the 6th article, "It's another lecture, and it's a speech." But unfortunately, it is not explained why he is the same as before" is a sharp exposé of the true faces of the fake revolution and counter-revolution of Chiang Kai-shek, Wang Jingwei, Wu Zhihui, Dai Jitao, and the like. Before April 1st, in their speeches, this group of people declared their support for Sun Yat-sen's three major policies of uniting with Russia, the United Communist Party, and supporting peasants and workers, but secretly stepped up counter-revolutionary planning and created the April 12 counter-revolutionary massacre. After April 12, he gave speeches everywhere and published a record of his speeches, advocating anti-Soviet, anti-communist, and suppression of workers and peasants. Lu Xundi used two "speeches again" to express great disgust and contempt for their shameless act of wantonly selling counter-revolutionary speech. Pointing out that their speeches are "the same as before" is concise and concise, and the exposure of their faces is completely silent.

Some of them are ostensibly investigating and studying historical materials, but in fact they are satirical of reality, especially those aimed at the Chiang regime, which should also be regarded as this category, and the 2nd and 20th are all. For example, the author of article 2 further states after paraphrasing John Mill's words: "And he did not know that the republic silenced people. This is Lu Xun's perspective on the democratic republic flaunted by successive governments with more than ten years of experience. With his own discoveries, he exposed the harshness of oppression of the people from the Beiyang warlord government to the Chiang Kai-shek regime after the Xinhai Revolution than the feudal autocracy, and also expressed his incomparable anger at the Chiang regime established on the blood pool of the revolutionary people.

The second category, which expresses unique insights into certain social phenomena, is the case in articles 8, 9, 10, and 12. This category reflects the growth of the class-theory factor in the author's thought, and the explanation of some social phenomena is generally related to this. For example, "human sorrow and joy are not connected", "wifehood is forced", "once magnanimous to retro ,......" Wait a minute.

The third category, about the creative experience, there are 1, 16 two. This is a category that requires in-depth excavation in order to reveal its ideological background. For example, rule 1. Lu Xun used the image of the bee's thorn as equal to its life, indicating the solemnity and sacredness of the bee's thorn; The image of the cynic thorn used to prolong its life indicates the worthlessness of the cynic thorn. Through this aphorism, Lu Xun artistically expressed his views on irony and ridicule in his creation. The stinging of the bee implies the idea that the writer should regard irony as life and never abuse it; Satirists must have the spirit of dedication to society in order to use irony well. The cynical sting shows Lu Xun's contempt for cynicism, and implies irony, that is, to use the valuelessness of the cynic thorn to attack the bad tendency of some literati who were dependent on reactionary rule at that time to indiscriminately ridicule the revolutionaries.

This aphorism language is condensed, the image is clear, the meaning is implicit, the emotion is implied, leaving the reader with a broad space for association, and the form is neat, the tone is harmonious, like a beautiful lyric poem, which fully reflects the profound and timeless artistic beauty.

The fourth category, the national nature of acupuncture, includes articles 17, 18, and 21. Analyzing the contradictions of human nature and pinpointing the weaknesses of national nature is the consistent content of Lu Xun's essays. In the era when the revolution and counter-revolution were fighting to the death, when he was about to end this article that exposed the crimes of the Kuomintang's bloody massacre in most of the length, his pen stopped at the national issue that he was most concerned about. This last one, although it is directly expressed in his expression of anxiety and grief for most Chinese of their lack of consciousness due to instinctive desires, does not the light of hope still burn from the flame of the author's anxiety and grief?

Author: Wang Zhinong

Source of knowledge: Zhang Xiaomin Editor-in-Chief. A Dictionary of Appreciation of Lu Xun's Works. Chengdu:Sichuan Dictionary Publishing House.1992.pp.514-516.