At the end of the Qin Dynasty and the beginning of the Han Dynasty, there were many talents, which is the so-called "heroes of the chaotic world". The founding hero of the Han Dynasty, Han Xin, ranked as the "Three Masters of the Early Han Dynasty" (Han Xin, Xiao He, Zhang Liang) and the "Four Saints of the Bing Family" (Sun Wu, Wu Qi, Bai Qi, Han Xin), are well-deserved heroes. However, this invincible and invincible famous general of the ages was stabbed to death in the bell room of the Changle Palace by the palace maid arranged by Empress Lü with a sharpened bamboo. Moreover, his tragic death only made two idioms: "Success is also Xiao He, defeat is also Xiao He", "Birds are hidden with bows, rabbits are dead dogs cook". Why? Jian Gujun believes that there are three reasons for this:
Han Xin in the film and television drama
First, force the king of Qi to lay the foundation of the curse.
In the fourth year of the Han Dynasty, all of them were flattened. It makes the Han King know: "Qi is hypocritical and fickle, and the country of repetition is also." In the south, Chu, not for the false king to the town, its momentum is uncertain, willing to be a false king. ”
- "History of the Marquis of Huaiyin, Biography xxxi-ii"
What does that look like? Originally, in the fourth year of Han (203 BC), Han Xin surrendered and pacified the entire State of Qi. He sent a letter to the King of Han, saying: "The State of Qi is cunning and fickle, capricious, and the southern border borders the State of Chu, and without the establishment of a temporary acting Wang Lai to soothe the situation, the situation will certainly not be stable." In order to facilitate the current situation, I hope to allow me to act as King Qi for the time being. At this time, Xiang Yu led the Chu army to tightly besiege Liu Bang, the King of Han, in Xingyang. When Han Xin's emissary arrived, Liu Bang opened the letter and looked at it, and he was furious and scolded: "I am besieged here, waiting day and night for Han Xin to come and help me, but Han Xin wants to establish himself as king!" "While scolding, he raised his feet and prepared to kick the messenger.
At the moment of Qianjun's attack, Zhang Liang and Chen Ping secretly stepped on Liu Bang's feet, approached Liu Bang's ear, and said: "At present, the Han army is in a disadvantageous situation, how can We forbid Han Xin to claim the title of king?" It would be better to take the opportunity to make him king, treat him well, and let him defend the country of Qi by himself. Otherwise, it may become chaotic. The two most important think tanks under his command came out together to persuade Liu Bangcai to wake up in an instant, and this "chameleon" deliberately scolded: "The eldest husband has pacified the princes, and if he wants to be a true king, how can he be a temporary acting king?" Therefore, Liu Bang sent Zhang Liang as an emissary, and Han Xin as the King of Qi, and recruited his army to attack the Chu army.
On the surface, It seems that Liu Bang very painfully adopted the suggestions of Zhang Liang and Chen Ping, and sealed Han Xin, who had 300,000 heavy troops, as the king of Qi, and shared the world with himself, and was happy to take revenge; in fact, on the contrary, Han Xin applied to Liu Bang in a half-threatening and half-consultative tone, just imagine, if Liu Bang did not agree to Han Xin's request, what kind of consequences would be caused? Will Han Xin, who has a heavy army in hand, turn his face on the spot with Liu Bang and establish himself as king? Therefore, the matter of forcing the king of Qi to be sealed was definitely the fuse for the relationship between Liu Bang and Han Xin to begin to deteriorate, and Liu Bang has since killed Han Xin.
Liu Bang in film and television dramas
Second, the military is strong and the political is incompetent.
In the Chu-Han War, Han Xin showed outstanding military ability, leaving a large number of tactical allusions for future generations, such as the Ming Xiu Zhan Dao, the secret crossing of Chen Cang, the Linjin Doubt, the Xia Yang smuggling, the Wooden Poppy Crossing Army, the Backwater As a Battalion, the Pulling Banner Changing Banner, the Transmission of the Banner, the Shen Sha Breaking the Water, the Half Crossing attack, the Embattled Song, the Ten-Sided Ambush, and so on. Han Xin's way of using soldiers has been admired by successive generations of soldiers, he is the most adept at flexible use of troops in the history of Chinese warfare, and the Battles of Jingxing and Weishui that he commanded are masterpieces in the history of war. It can be said that a generation of handsome talents Han Xin is worthy of the title of "soldier immortal". In October 202 BC, Liu Bang ordered Han Xinhui to surround and annihilate the Chu army, and Xiang Yu's soldiers were defeated and killed.
However, Han Xin's political ability was lackluster compared to his extraordinary military talents.
Before Han Xin forced Liu Bang to make himself king of Qi, his adviser Kuǎi persuaded Han Xin to use the State of Qi as his base and "divide the world" with Xiang Yu and Liu Bang. However, Han Xin, who had a heavy army but lacked political foresight, hesitated and declared himself the Acting King of Qi. Unexpectedly, in order to gain han xin's support, Liu Bang, the powerful performance emperor, very generously awarded him a true qi king, and Han Xin, who was beautiful in his heart, lost the great opportunity to compete for the world in vain.
After becoming the queen of Qi as he wished, Han Xin still dragged his feet on Liu Bang's orders and had no intention of sending troops, until Liu Bang and Xiang Yu fought a decisive battle, and Liu Bang once again clarified Han Xin's fiefdom before sending troops to attack Xiang Yu. Although Xiang Yu was defeated and killed, and Liu Bang won the final victory in the Chu-Han War, the feud between Han Xin and Liu Bang deepened, like an active volcano, and there was always an eruption day. From these two events, we can see Han Xin's political feeble-mindedness: on the one hand, the indecisive Han Xin could not support the army and stand on his own feet, and confronted Liu Bang and Xiang Yu; on the other hand, he obeyed his superior Liu Bangyang and had no political stance at all, and could not judge the situation according to the situation. It was this indecisive cowardly personality that directly led to the tragic end of Han Xin's future murder.
Third, "the bird hides with its bow, and the rabbit cooks with a dead dog."
"The birds are exhausted, the good bows are hidden; the cunning rabbits are dead, and the lackeys are cooked." The Yue king is a long-necked bird with a beak, and can share suffering with him, but not with pleasure. Why don't you go? ”
- "History of the Yue King's Gou Jian Family"
The State of Yue was able to destroy the State of Wu, and Fan Li and Wen Zhong were the greatest heroes, but the outcomes of the two were completely different. Fan Li deeply understood the principle of "retiring after achieving success", and not only did not accept the reward of the Yue King's gouge, but also insisted on leaving the country and living in seclusion in Qi. And wen Chuan, who received Fan Li's letter, did not believe that the Yue King would harm himself, not only insisted on not leaving, but also naively wanted to share wealth with Gou Jian, and sure enough, Wen Zi only served as a minister for a few days, and then he committed suicide by Gou Jian giving the sword.
The same tragedy was repeated in Han Xin. As soon as the Chu-Han War ended, Liu Bang, who was about to reign in the world, "rushed into the Qi King's Wall and seized his army", quickly took away Han Xin's military power and renamed him the King of Chu. But even so, Liu Bang still held a grudge against Han Xin. Soon after, Liu Bang followed Chen Ping's advice and took advantage of the opportunity of touring various places to summon the princes to Chen Di to meet and arrest Han Xin when he came to meet him. This time, Liu Bang demoted Han Xin to the title of Marquis of Huaiyin, and strictly forbade him to contact military power, nor did he give him any real position. This series of seizures of power and the reduction of the seal clearly conveyed a dangerous signal: Liu Bang's butcher knife had been sharpened.
If Han Xin had a sober enough understanding, he should have seen the depth of Liu Bang's wariness of him. Therefore, in order to save his life, Han Xin should take the initiative to surrender his military power, and even bear the guilt of Jing, ask for Forgiveness from Liu Bang, arbitrarily seal him as an idle king, get a fief of several hundred acres, return to his hometown after illness, write a book and say, record his military ability and the method of using soldiers in detail, and spread it to future generations, but Han Xin actually trusted Liu Bang, who was known for his rogueness, shamelessness, and fierceness. For Liu Bang, "On the side of the bed, how can you allow others to sleep soundly?" Besides, Han Xin's military talent was unbeatable. Therefore, only by getting rid of Han Xin can Liu Bang never have any troubles.
In 196 BC, Liu Bang, who had long been moved to kill, finally got rid of the big problem in his heart with the perfect cooperation of his "Xiannei Helper" Lü Hou. When Liu Bang was on the front line to put down the rebellion, Lü Hou heard that Han Xin had joined forces with Chen Feng to rebel, and immediately wanted to kill Han Xin. She adopted Xiao He's advice and asked hundreds of officials to enter the palace for pilgrimage on the grounds that Chen Feng had been condemned. After Han Xin was lured into the palace by Xiao He, Lü Hou could only find a way to kill Han Xin. Because Liu Bang once named Han Xin the "King of The Three Qi", that is, with Tianqi, with the earth, and with Junqi; he also named him "five immortals", that is, to see the sky does not die, to see the earth does not die, to see the jun does not die, to see the soldiers do not die, to see the gold does not die. Gold refers to the gold of the five elements, and generally refers to metal weapons. Therefore, the cunning and fierce Lü Hou ordered people to trap Han Xin in a palanquin, and let a group of palace women armed with bamboo swords stab him alive through the palanquin curtain. Before han xin died, he said, "I don't need to be calculating, but I am deceived by women. A generation of military wizards died tragically at the hands of Lü Hou at the age of 35. Subsequently, Lü Hou killed the Han Xin clan.
Han Xin's life was magnificent and legendary, and his merits were higher than the world, but he ended up destroying the clan, which was really a sigh. Then, what was the end of the other civilian and military generals who followed Liu Bang to fight the world? Please pay attention to the next issue of Jian Gujun's story.