The Spring and Autumn Period is an important historical stage in Chinese history, according to the records of the history books, the Spring and Autumn Period as the historical period of the first half of the Zhou Dynasty in the Middle East of Chinese history, there are many theories about the beginning and end of the signs, most people believe that since the Spring and Autumn Period is as the historical period of the first half of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, then the beginning of the Spring and Autumn Period should be the Zhou Ping King Ji Yiusu eastward migration, that is, the first year of the Zhou Ping King, that is, 770 BC, there are also a few views that the beginning of the Spring and Autumn Period should be the Western Zhou Dynasty, That is, in 711 BC, King You of Zhou lost control of the princes after the "Princes of Beacon Theatre", which led to Inuyasha invading the Capital of Western Zhou in one fell swoop, after Killing the King of Zhou You, Ji Gongtang, but the story of "Princes of Beacon Theatre" is doubtful after all, this statement has always been in a minority position; and the sign of the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, traditional historians define the end of Spring and Autumn in the forty-fourth year of King Zhou Jing, that is, in 476 BC, King Jing of Zhou died, and it is also said that the end of the Spring and Autumn Period is that the end of the Spring and Autumn Period is defined as the forty-fourth year of King Zhou Jing, that is, in 476 BC, king Jing of Zhou died, and it is also said that, The end of the Spring and Autumn Period should have been after Han Zhao Wei destroyed the Zhi clan in 453 BC, or after the division of the Three Houses into Jin in 403 BC.
No matter which way you say it, you can see that the Spring and Autumn Period is a chaotic and controversial period, and today I will take you to sort out what the Spring and Autumn Period is like.
First, the appetizer before the Spring and Autumn Feast - Zhuang Gong XiaoBa
Spring and Autumn is really barbaric, but it is also very gentlemanly, so to what extent can a gentleman and barbarism go? In fact, the Spring and Autumn period was much more complicated than imagined, because the existence of Zhou Li also formulated a "number of etiquette" for the war, resulting in stealing a wheat between various princely states can be fought, a truce when there is a nosebleed, a good time and place in the war book before the war, etc., half of the fight, regardless of whether it wins or loses, it will be about a time to stop and eat... At that time, when the Jin-Chu army fled, a chariot was stuck in the mud and could not be pushed, and the Soldiers of the Chu State would still go up to help, so the "Gentleman's War" in the early Spring and Autumn Period was actually a brainless hard man who did not use strategy and relied on strength.
Therefore, although the Spring and Autumn Period is mainly the stage of the Five Hegemons, before the Spring and Autumn Five Hegemons, in the Spring and Autumn Period, which does not know whether it is barbaric or gentlemanly, there is a monarch who is not very facetious- Zheng Zhuanggong, which is the 0.5 hegemony before the Five Hegemons, that is, the "Zhuang Gong Xiaoba". Zheng Guo's start was not very favorable, because he was next to the capital of the Zhou Dynasty, even if it was the foot of tianzi and the beautiful waters of the Lingshan Mountains, but that is to say, once the Zhou Dynasty had an accident, Zheng Guo became the first cannon fodder, which directly led to Zheng Henggong's beginning of a series of obscene operations in the next three generations, first the first generation of Zheng Henggong moved and moved, then the second generation of Zheng Wugong annexed other countries, and the third generation was Zheng Zhuanggong, who began to buy people's hearts step by step, and played the fine tradition of Zheng Guo's "playing lai" to the fullest. The "War of gentlemen" in the early Spring and Autumn Period was completely transformed into a general trend of "whoever does not have a face can win": on the one hand, when he said that he pursued the "war of gentlemen", he used the tactic of "roundabout backstabbing" when he attacked the country; on the other hand, he said that he wanted to be upright and upright, and began to practice various ambushes when fighting Beijong; he said that he did not use the art of war, and as a result, he put up a "yuli array" when he fought Zhou Zhou -- what about the "upright gentleman" who said good?
Second, a hegemon appeared, Qi Huan Gong Jiang Xiaobai
After the death of Zheng Zhuanggong, Zheng Guo fell into a civil war and became a second-class country, at this time, the twelfth grandson of Jiang Taigong, that is, Jiang Xiaobai, the Duke of Qi Huan, began to start the show operation with the assistance of his younger brother Guan Zhong, and it is accurate to say that Guan Zhong was more powerful than Qi Huangong, and the operation was much more powerful than Qi Huan Gongxiu. These two people originally had a vendetta, and it can even be said that they had a deep hatred, but Guan Zhong's body was almost covered with the aura of the protagonist, in the battle for the throne of King Qi, Guan Zhong under Jiang Jiao once almost killed Jiang Xiaobai, one of the candidates for the throne, but after Jiang Xiaobai became the Duke of Qi Huan, he did not know why Guan Zhong was not killed, nor did he know what Qi Huangong thought, not only did not ask Guan Zhong for his guilt, but instead worshiped Guan Zhong, and called him "Father Zhong", "The revenge of killing, worshiping Father Zhong", The ghosts didn't know how the hatred between these two people had been solved.
But Guan Zhong was indeed very talented, setting down etiquette and honesty, and also divided the soldiers, farmers, industrialists, and merchants, started the earliest trade war in China, and even legalized brothels... Guan Zhong's talent is basically a plug-in-like existence, and Qi Huangong holds this pendant in one hand, and the other hand begins to "blackmail the Son of Heaven to disobey", but after Guan Zhong's death, Qi Huan Gong Jiang Xiaobai was directly starved to death in the palace by Yi Ya, Kaifang, and Shu Diao alive, and the State of Qi began to be in chaos.
Three or four hegemons compete for power
After the death of Jiang Xiaobai, the Duke of Qi Huan, the second hegemon Song Xianggong became the hegemon with "benevolence and righteousness", but although he was one of the five hegemons, it was simply a joke. Song Xianggong had just helped the State of Qi to quell the internal strife, and suddenly became inflated, feeling that he was very "benevolent" and "reasonable", and had also calmed down the internal strife of the great powers, and could consider dominating the Central Plains. However, later, when Zheng Guo wanted to support the Chu state to dominate, Song Xianggong felt very unbalanced in his heart, feeling that Zheng Guo did not come to help such a "civilized" self but to help the "southern barbarian" Chu state, feeling that it hurt his self-esteem, so he sent troops to attack Zheng Guo, and the Chu state also came to help Zheng Guo, and the Battle of Song Chu Hongshui began.
The State of Song began to show the same IQ as white as the two sides: the two sides were fighting, the Chu army was crossing the river, Muyi asked Song Xianggong to take advantage of the Chu army to cross the river to preemptively attack, but Song Xianggong said that he was a civilized person and could not be too sinister, so he refused; the Chu army crossed the river and began to line up troops, Muyi once again asked Song Xianggong to take advantage of the fact that the Chu army had not yet finished deploying troops to attack, Song Xianggong still said that he was a civilized person, still refused. Facts have proved that the banner of benevolence and righteousness cannot be eaten as a meal, the Song Kingdom was defeated miserably, and since then, the Spring and Autumn War has gradually lost "benevolence and righteousness", and only "soldiers are not tired of cheating", but because of this, various military ideas such as military techniques began to breed and flourish.
At this time, the three hegemons of Jin Wengong returned to the Jin state after many years of exile, and coincidentally encountered the state of Chu was fighting the State of Song, and the Duke of Jin Wen united the state of Qi and the state of Qin to help the State of Song, and after Chengpu and the State of Chu fought a decisive battle and successfully won, Jin Wengong became the third overlord of the Spring and Autumn Period after winning the Battle of Chengpu, and Jin Wengong's friend, that is, the four hegemons Qin Mugong and Jin Wengong formed a deep friendship, in fact, to put it bluntly, he felt that his friend Jin Wengong's territory was too difficult to grab, so he was unwilling to expand eastward. You can only kill time by fighting a dozen nomads in the west, and then accidentally become the overlord of Xi rong.
The last overlord, that is, the king of Chu Zhuang also appeared decades later, in the years of war between Jin and Chu, the king of Chu Zhuang won the Battle of Qi, a great victory over the Jin state, the morale of the Chu state increased greatly, but the good death is that at this time, the Song state came to find stubble again, the chu envoys were killed by the Song state when they passed through the Song kingdom, plus the battle of Chengpu, the new hatred and old hatred poured up together. The State of Chu and the State of Song were launched, and the State of Jin also came to support the State of Song as before, but unlike the last time, the State of Jin only supported it spiritually this time, and did not send troops. The State of Song was forced to make peace with the State of Chu, and from then on, the King of Chu Zhuang drank the Yellow River and conquered the Central Plains, and the Spring and Autumn Period began to draw to a close.
4. Epilogue
After the king of Chuzhuang drank the Yellow River and conquered the Central Plains, the Spring and Autumn Began to come to an end, the story of "lying down and tasting the guts" appeared in the southeast of the Central Plains, and the superpower Jinguo at that time also began to fight in various infighting, the four major families of the Jin Dynasty, Zhi, Wei, Han, and Zhao, the two families of Wei and Han succumbed to the strength of Zhi and began to cooperate with the Zhi family to besiege the Zhao family's Jinyang, but after a long time, the Zhi clan then tried to flood the city to destroy the Zhao family, but this idea also made the Wei and Han families feel dangerous, because there was also a river next to the Wei and Han families. The idea of the Zhi clan without a bottom line was undoubtedly a public outrage, so in 453 AD, the Wei and Han families rebelled, the flood flooded the Zhi clan, Han Zhao Wei joined forces to destroy the Zhi clan, and in the near future, "three families were divided into Jin", and the "qualifying race" of the Spring and Autumn Period was declared over.
The Spring and Autumn "Qualifying Tournament" has finally come to an end, but the chaotic era has just begun, people have begun to enter the Warring States "elimination tournament", and the chaotic era has shown more madness and viciousness.
Note: The State of Chu was not a vassal state divided by the Zhou Dynasty, but a self-reliant ancient state, but later by the Zhou Dynasty was afraid, it began to call the subject Nagong, but still self-reliant, did not like to follow the Zhou Li set, so it was looked down upon by other countries, thinking that the State of Chu was "all barbarians", and when the State of Chu attacked other countries without looking for a reason, it also called itself "I barbarians", which means "I want to beat you, because I have no culture".
References: Spring and Autumn, Shiji, Zuo Zhuan, Huainanzi, Ram, Gu Liang