In 1948, the Republic of China held its only national presidential election, and Chiang Kai-shek, the presidential candidate of the Chinese Kuomintang, defeated his opponent Ju Zheng, who received 269 votes, with a disparity of 2430 votes, and was elected as the first The President of the Republic of China after the constitution with nearly 80% of the votes.
However, Chiang Kai-shek's partner Sun Ke lost 1295 votes to 1438 votes to Li Zongren, who was supported by the Gui soldiers, and Li Zongren was eventually elected vice president.
In January 1949, Chiang Kai-shek was forced to resign from the presidency due to the Chinese civil war, and Li Zongren took the presidency.
Li Zongren and Chiang Kai-shek are ostensibly in the same camp, but in fact, the two are at odds with each other and have the same situation.
In order to overthrow Chiang Kai-shek, the Gui clan led by Li Zongren and Bai Chongxi did not hesitate to make great efforts and launched three anti-Chiang kai-shek wars.
Then, when Li Zongren was acting president, why did he not put Chiang Kai-shek under house arrest or get rid of him?
First of all, Chiang Kai-shek was on high alert; he suffered losses in this regard.
On December 12, 1936, Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng, in order to achieve the goal of persuading Chiang Kai-shek to change the established national policy of "foreign countries must first be at home", stop the civil war, and unanimously resist Japan, launched a "military advisory" in Xi'an, put Chiang Kai-shek, who had gone to supervise their fight against the Red Army, under house arrest, and almost killed him.
As the saying goes, the same mistake cannot be made a second time, and Chiang Kai-shek, no matter how stupid, will not make the same mistake again on the issue of life-threatening security.
After Chiang Kai-shek resigned, he had been in his hometown of Fenghua, Zhejiang Province, surrounded by Chiang Kai-shek's army and heavily guarded; Li Zongren could not do anything he wanted.
Second, Li Zongren did not dare to take a shot.
At that time, the backstage boss of the Kuomintang fighting the civil war was the US government, and Chiang Kai-shek resigned because the Americans had lost confidence in it and put pressure on it.
For example, after Chiang Kai-shek became president, he lost military success one after another.
In the month of inauguration, Luoyang, Henan, was lost, Laohekou was lost in May, Kaifeng was lost in June, Yanzhou was lost in July, Xiangyang was lost in August, Jinan was lost in September, Jinzhou, Changchun, Zhengzhou and Baotou were lost in October, Shenyang, Yingkou and Baoding were lost in November, and Xuzhou, Huaiyang, Huai'an and Zhangjiakou were lost in December.
Desperate, Chiang Kai-shek called US President Harry Truman and wanted to personally go to the United States to ask for help, but Truman categorically refused.
Helpless, he sent his wife Song Meiling to the United States for help.
However, the United States insisted that it was a private visit and would not be officially received.
Truman only met her once in a private capacity for a short time, and then stopped receiving her.
Under these circumstances, Chiang Kai-shek announced his resignation.
Li Zongren was supported by the US ambassador to China, Stuart Layden, before he ascended to the presidency.
The United States is the backstage boss of the Kuomintang in fighting the civil war, and it is a well-known secret that the Kuomintang pays for guns.
In any case, Americans still talk about procedures and laws. If Li Zongren wanted to arrest Chiang Kai-shek, he had to be famous and go through the judicial process.
If Li Zongren hastily arrested Chiang Kai-shek, even if Chiang Kai-shek was unarmed, it would be legally justified.
Not only is there no way to account to the Chinese people, but there is also no way to account to the Americans.
If he loses the support of the US government, Li Zongren will not have the capital to fight a civil war, and the Communist Party will not regard him as an opponent for peace talks.
Moreover, Li Zongren worked with Chiang Kai-shek for many years, and although Chiang Kai-shek was fierce and fierce, he did not believe what he said; he never poisoned Li Zongren himself. Li Zongren arrested Chiang Kai-shek and could not do anything about it.
Besides, Chiang Kai-shek has been the president of the Kuomintang for so many years, and he still has a group of supporters. If Chiang Kai-shek is placed under house arrest and the news comes out, the Kuomintang will certainly split.
Once this is the case, the situation will not be easy to clean up, which is not good for Li Zongren.
Then, if Li Zongren makes a desperate bet, recklessly, and does not look at the face of the Americans, will he be able to put Chiang Kai-shek under house arrest? The answer is also no.
Although Chiang Kai-shek resigned as president, he was still the president of the Kuomintang, and the Kuomintang troops, except for the Gui clan, obeyed Chiang Kai-shek's command.
Liu Zhi, the commander-in-chief of Xuzhou, was the head of Chiang Kai-shek's Five Tiger Generals, and had been following Chiang Kai-shek since 1926, loyal to Chiang Kai-shek, and all the Kuomintang troops in East China obeyed his command.
Tang Enbo, commander-in-chief of the Beijing-Shanghai-Hangzhou garrison, who was in charge of the defense of the lower Yangtze River and Nanjing, Shanghai, and Hangzhou, was also a close confidant of Chiang Kai-shek.
This person fought against Li Zongren during the Battle of Taierzhuang and did not buy Li Zongren's account at all.
At the meeting on river defense held by the Ministry of National Defense, Cai Wenzhi, director of the Operations Department of the Ministry of National Defense, put forward a river defense plan to the effect that the focus of river defense should be placed on the extension from the upper and lower reaches of Nanjing, because this section of the river is very narrow, and there are many tributaries on the north bank, it is easy to hide ships, and the communist army is easy to cross the river from here; while the river below Jiangyin is open, the Chinese communist army is not easy to smuggle, and there is no need for heavy defense.
Li Zongren praised Cai Wenzhi's plan, but Tang Enbo was self-righteous and proposed another plan to focus on the defense of Shanghai.
Cai Wenzhi argued that Tang Enbo's plan was unreliable.
He asked Tang Enbo: "If the communist army crosses the river, can you hold Shanghai?" ”
Listening to Cai Wenzhi's words, Tang Enbo was furious and actually slapped the table and scolded: "You are something!" What guards the river and does not guard the river, I will shoot you and say it again. "After saying that, I went away.
Li Zongren knew that Tang Enbo was drunk and did not mean to drink, and the fire was directed at himself, but there was nothing he could do.
At the end of February 1949, Tang Enbo suddenly went to Hangzhou and detained and removed his teacher, Chen Yi, the chairman of Zhejiang Province.
Li Zongren did not know about the removal of Chen Yi in advance, and did not know until the newspaper published the news. Li Zongren was furious when he heard this, and said in his heart that Tang was just a military general, and it was intolerable that he had actually taken it upon himself to detain and replace the provincial chairman.
Therefore, Li Zongren did not spare him and ordered an investigation.
In fact, Li Zongren also knew that Tang Enbo was acting on the orders of Chiang Kai-shek, and his order to deal with it strictly was deliberately conceiving of Chiang Kai-shek's ugliness.
When He Yingqin, Sun Ke, and other important Kuomintang members heard about it, they came to persuade Li Zongren one after another: "Mr. Jiang's style has always been like this, don't you know it yet?" In the current stormy situation, if you fall out with Mr. Jiang, things will be even more difficult to handle. ”
Li Zongren didn't lose his temper when he heard it, and in the end the matter was over.
Li Zongren's partner Bai Chongxi of the Gui clan once proposed to Chiang Kai-shek to unify the command of the central and eastern China armies, but Jiang Yan refused.
The army did not listen to Li Zongren's command, and most of the Kuomintang political leaders did not buy Li Zongren's account and only listened to Chiang Kai-shek.
After Chiang Kai-shek resigned, Sun Ke moved the Executive Yuan to Guangzhou without Li Zongren's approval.
Li Zongren ordered Sun Ke to return, but Sun ignored him.
As a last resort, on February 22, 1949, Li Zongren personally flew to Guangzhou to ask Sun Ke to move the Executive Yuan back to Nanjing.
As a result, Sun Keyang violated the yin, and the Kuomintang Central Committee Party Department continued to stay in Guangzhou.
Members of Lee Zong-jin's government were forced to travel between the two places from time to time to complete their official duties.
As soon as Li Zongren and Sun Keqian were anxious, the other party picked a son and resigned in March.
Li Zongren wanted He Yingqin to take over as chief executive, but He Yingqin did not dare, on the grounds that He Yingqin needed Chiang Kai-shek to nod.
As a result, Chiang Kai-shek ignored him on the grounds that he was a "retired man" and let Li Zongren touch his nose of ash.
On the eve of He's 60th birthday on March 12, Chiang Kai-shek sent his close associate Zhang Qun with his handwritten inscription "Fighting together in peace and danger, tasting bitterness together" and a heartfelt handwritten letter to He to be the chief executive of Li Zongren's government in order to contain the Gui clan.
He Yingqin was grateful to Shu Zero, and became the chief executive and defense minister on March 23.
He Yingqin also became a cadre general of Chiang Kai-shek from the time of the Northern Expedition and was equally loyal to Chiang Kai-shek.
The minister of national defense was the supreme commander of the Kuomintang army, and in addition to the Gui clan, Li Zongren commanded not to move a soldier and a pawn.
After the formation of He Yingqin's cabinet, Chiang Kai-shek's close confidant Chen Lifu and others again expressed the idea that the Chinese Communists should not cross the river, oppose the formation of a coalition government, and talk about reunification first, thus interfering with the progress of the Peiping peace talks.
When Li Zongren first became acting president, he was also full of ambition, hoping to use peace talks to block the pace of the PLA's advance and use Stalin's influence to let the Kuomintang and the Communist Party "rule by drawing the river" and have a 20th century of the Southern and Northern Dynasties.
But the harsh reality shattered Li Zongren's dream.
When the peace talks broke down, Li Zongren finally sobered up and knew that he was just a pawn in Chiang Kai-shek's hands and a scapegoat for sabotaging the peace talks.
So he retreated in a hurry and planned to resign.
However, Chiang Kai-shek refused to bear the guilt of defeat, so he took the opportunity to instruct the battle to the end and seal Li Zongren's idea of peace talks.
Chiang Kai-shek also instructed the Kuomintang Central Executive Committee to set up an "extraordinary committee," claiming that it would assist Li Zongren in unifying decision-making.
Jiang also encouraged Li Zongren and said, "If you continue to lead, I will support you to the end, and you don't have to be discouraged."
Li Zongren complained to Chiang Kai-shek with a grievance in his stomach: "Now that there are many government departments and one country and three dukes, no one can do anything, so how can I lead?" ”
The extraordinary committee set up at the behest of Chiang Kai-shek did not give Li Zongren any face, and clearly declared: "Although the president has been freed from political responsibility, he cannot abandon the leadership of the revolution."
As early as before he left the field, Chiang Kai-shek instructed Sun Ke to serve as the chief executive to organize a new cabinet, and put Chen Lifu, Zhang Lisheng, Gu Zhenggang, and other representatives of the CC Department into the list of cabinet members, so that the main and cabinet drawn up by Li Zongren could not operate smoothly.
Although Chiang Kai-shek returned to his hometown, he did not sit idle for a day.
He still received a large number of military and political leaders every day to issue one "will" after another to them, Tang Enbo carried gold reserves and cultural relics of the Forbidden City to Taiwan, and Chen Cheng sent a large army to deploy these major events along the southeast coast, and Li Zongren did not know about them in advance.
The titular acting president, Li Zongren, was completely hollowed out, had no soldiers and no money, and was a complete marionette.
Therefore, Li Zongren had neither a reason for house arrest nor a condition for house arrest for Chiang Kai-shek.
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