Bury me on the top of the mountain, look at my continent; the continent is invisible, only weeping!
Bury me on the top of the mountain, look at my hometown, the hometown is not visible, never forget!
The sky is clear, the wilderness is vast; on the mountain, the country is dead!
I still remember that in elementary school, I first came into contact with this poem "Looking at my Hometown", and I knew that there was a poet named Yu Youren who missed the motherland very much, and hoped that he could be buried in the mountains after he died, looking at his hometown that could not be seen from afar. This gave me a sense of being in Cao Ying's heart in Han, which can be seen from the fact that Yu Youren left the mainland and went to Taiwan, but this is not the case, and the contrast between reality and poetry makes people feel different.
Little is known about Yu Youren's deeds, and nothing is known about his mood and situation when he wrote "Looking home". "Looking at the Hometown", to some extent, is Yu Youren's suicide note, with poetry as his last words, which is rare in ancient and modern times.
On the eve of liberation, Yu Youren, who lost his bid for vice president of the Kuomintang, was forced to "choose" to leave his wife and daughter and fly to Taiwan, where he died and wrote a poem as a last word before his death to express his homesickness and patriotism. Yu Youren's life was full of helplessness.
Yu Right Ren,
The original name of Boxun, the word is seductive, because of the "seductive" harmonic pronunciation "right Ren", so in its name, walk the world.
Yu Right Ren, the other signatures are "Riot Heart", "Hairwright", and the late life number "Taiping Old Man", indicating the final pursuit of life. Yu Youren's ancestral home was in Jingyang, Shaanxi, but he was born in Sanyuan, Shaanxi, not far from Jingyang.
Yu Youren's "Right Ren" is derived from the pen name he used to submit articles to the newspaper in 1904, and later became his common name. As can be seen from the word "seductive", he is a person with a lot of black humor, and his pen name is:
Gale, Shenzhou Old Lord, Peeling Fruit, Crying Blood Qiankun A Cuckoo, Kansai Yuzi, Half Crying and Half Laughing Landlord
wait.
This pen name is similar to the trumpet and vest on the Internet now, the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, a pen name is an identity, which can avoid retaliation by the relevant authorities and stakeholders as much as possible. Zhou Shuren is also a critic who uses pen names to protect his personal safety, the most famous pen name is "Lu Xun", and the rest
Zi Shu, Gengchen, Suozi, Suoshi, Shuren, Lingfei, Yellow Thorn, Zhou Yucai, Zhou Shu, Shenfei, Xun Ge'er, Fengsheng, Zungu, Ba Ren, A certain born, child, Xuezhi, Ao, Qiantang, Feast of Ao
Wait a minute.
When Yu Youren was two years old, his mother died, and he was raised by his aunt Fang Shi, and when he reached the age of school, the third uncle Yu Chongchen sent him to a private school known as Ru Mao Ban Xiang. In 1895, the 16-year-old Yu Youren successfully entered the county school with the first place and became a showman.
In 1897, Yu Youren successively studied at Sanyuan Hongdao Academy, Jingyang Weijing Academy, and Xi'an Guanzhong Academy. In 1898, Yu Youren took the annual examination held before the end of the year, and once again made up for the first place, and Ye Erkai, who was then the governor of Shaanxi Province, praised him
"Wizards of the Northwest"
。
In 1900, the Eight-Power Alliance invaded the city of Beijing, Empress Dowager Cixi and the Guangxu Emperor fled to Xi'an, and Yu Youren participated in the kneeling of the emperor's northern hunt, gaining a deeper understanding of the corruption and incompetence of the Qing government. A book of poems "Half Crying and Half Laughing Lou Shicao" is a collection of self-written poems written by Yu Youren who attacked current politics and worried about the country and the people, and was printed and distributed in The Winter of 1903 in Sanyuan.
When Mihara County Ling first saw this collection of poems, he felt that the author was a talented person who could take on a big responsibility, but slowly saw the back, and his heart began to panic:
This is anti-Qing.
The Sanyuan County Order was immediately reported to the Shaanxi Governor Shengyun, who did not take it down, but reported it to the imperial court for the imperial court to decide.
In 1904, the Qing court ordered Yu's arrest for the crime. When Yu Youren's relatives and friends heard about this, they immediately raised a lot of money and sent a special messenger to tell Yu Youren, who was taking part in the examination in Kaifeng (also
For the last time in the history of our country
Imperial Examination). It was supposed to be the court's wanted order first, but it happened that the telegraph office and post stations in Xi'an were malfunctioning, causing Yu Youren to receive the news first than the Kaifeng officials, flee to Shanghai first, and enter the Aurora Academy under a pseudonym.
Soon after entering the school, Aurora College was over a dispute over high-level power, and teachers and students left the school one after another. Therefore, Yu Youren took the initiative to hire a famous teacher, reorganized Fudan Public School with the professors of the original Aurora College, and officially opened the school in the Mid-Autumn Festival in 1905, which perfectly solved the problem of studying for students who left the school.
Then, due to the unreasonable restrictions of the Japanese side, a large number of Chinese students studying in Japan returned to China in anger, and Yu Youren, Together with Wang Jingfang and others, organized a Chinese public school so that international students could continue to receive advanced Education in the West. Fudan Public School and Chinese Public School cultivated a large number of talents for the subsequent anti-Qing revolution.
In 1907, Yu Youren needed to create the "Shenzhou Daily", so he went to Japan to investigate, through the introduction of his friend Liu Juemin, he became acquainted with Sun Yat-sen, and joined the Chinese League in this year. Sun Yat-sen entrusted him with a heavy responsibility for the right post, and gave him the post of Governor of the Yangtze River in charge of the affairs of the League in Shanghai. "Shenzhou Daily" was founded quite successfully, but unfortunately it was implicated in the fire of the bookstore next door and had to be suspended for several days.
After the resumption of publication, due to irreconcilable differences of opinion within, Yu Youren voluntarily withdrew and prepared a new newspaper, "Minhu Daily". The content of the Minhu Daily and its widely disseminated effect made the Qing government hate Right Ren to the bone and threatened to gouge out his eyes. Yu Youren was arrested and imprisoned, but he never gave up his criticism of the Qing government's dark newspaper business, and repeatedly said that newspapers could not stop.
In the end, the newspaper colleagues could only use the suspension and transfer of the "Minhu Daily" as a condition, and the right ren was released from prison. Yu Youren did not give in, and after his release from prison, he then created a newspaper to attack the Qing Dynasty and inspire the students. After the outbreak of the Wuchang Uprising, Sun Yat-sen, who returned from abroad, saw the first person he saw was Yu Youren
"Unity of Effort"
The four big characters Jia Mian Yu made contributions to the revolution.
The Provisional Government of Nanjing was established, and Yu Right served as the deputy director of the Ministry of Communications. The following year, Sun Yat-sen resigned, and Yu Youren also resigned and returned to Shanghai to continue running a newspaper. After the failure of the "Second Revolution", the newspaper house was closed down, and the situation was not right, Yu Youren immediately set off for Japan to avoid disasters and remotely control the domestic anti-Yuan struggle.
After Yuan Shikai's death, in January 1918, Shaanxi Sanyuan erected the Shaanxi Jingguo Military Banner and specially invited Yu Youren to come back to preside over the work and take up the post of commander-in-chief. This is the only military and political force in the northern region that responds to Sun Yat-sen's Dharma Protection Movement.
In May 1922, after the dissolution of the Jingguo Army in Shaanxi, Yu Youren returned to Shanghai to report to Sun Yat-sen on the revolutionary work in Shaanxi and assisted Sun Yat-sen in the reorganization of the Kuomintang. Since then, Yu Youren has begun to develop Chinese education again. Yu Youren is the founder and president of Fudan University, Shanghai University, Northwest A&F University and New Third Middle School, and is one of the important founders of modern and contemporary higher education in China.
In his youth, Yu Youren followed Sun Yat-sen in revolutionary work, made great contributions to overthrowing the feudal rule of the Qing Dynasty, and actively advocated cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China and established national education, and was a veritable patriot.
As a kuomintang elder, Yu Youren's political career was barely smooth sailing, but if he did not enter politics, his life achievements were likely to be higher.
In January 1924, Yu Youren, who attended the "First Congress" of the Chinese Kuomintang, proposed the two parties of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party
"Combined is two benefits, separation is two losses"
He was a far-sighted and far-sighted judge and was elected as a member of the Central Executive Committee. In October of the same year, the Beijing coup was successful, and Sun Yat-sen entrusted Yu Youren, Wang Jingwei and others to form the Central Political Committee of the Kuomintang In Beijing to deal with the affairs of the Kuomintang in the north.
In 1925, the National Government was established in Guangzhou, and Yu Youren was elected as a member of the National Government; in December of the same year, Duan Qirui reorganized the State Council and specially appointed Yu Youren as the Chief Minister of Internal Affairs, but Yu Youren refused to accept it. In January 1926, at the Second Congress of the Kuomintang, Yu Was re-elected as a member of the Central Executive Committee.
In 1926, Yu Youren received a request from Li Dazhao to go to Moscow, the Soviet Union, urging Feng Yuxiang to return to China for the Northern Expedition. On September 17 of the same year, the Nationalist Coalition Army was established, with Feng Yuxiang as the commander-in-chief and Yu Ren as deputy commander-in-chief on behalf of the Kuomintang and the Nationalist government.
Then Yu Youren took the lead in entering shaanxi territory, and jointly attacked with the defenders in Xi'an City, beating Liu Zhenhua to a complete rout, and Xi'an, which had been trapped for 8 months, was able to break the siege. The Nationalist Army's combined forces stationed in Xi'an, took charge of the province's administrative affairs on your right, carried out 12 military and political plans for Sorting out Shaanxi, and called on the people to:
Let's get together! Let's build a happy new life.
On April 27, 1927, the news of the "April 12 Counter-Revolutionary Coup" came out, and Yu Youren denounced Chiang Kai-shek's crimes of treason against the party and the country at a meeting held by the party department in Shaanxi Province. Ning and Han merged, and Yu Right served as the chairman of the Shaanxi Provincial Government, but he did not actually arrive.
In February 1928, at the Fourth Plenary Session of the Second Central Committee of the Kuomintang, Yu Youren was elected as a standing member of the Kuomintang Central Executive Committee, a standing committee member of the National Government, and a standing member of the Military Commission; at the same time, at the political meeting of the Kuomintang Central Committee, he was pushed to the position of president of the Audit Yuan of the National Government.
In November 1930, at the Fourth Plenary Session of the Third Central Committee of the Kuomintang in Nanjing, Yu Youren was elected as one of the five members of the Presidium, a member of the National Government, and the president of the Control Yuan.
During the second Kuomintang-Communist cooperation, Yu Youren maintained good relations with the Chinese Communist Party, and he hoped that this relationship in favor of the people could be maintained forever. In 1938, the Xinhua Daily, led by the Communist Party of China, was founded in Wuhan, and Yu Youren gladly went to write the masthead.
In Chongqing, Yu Youren is still in contact with the CPC, and the relations between the two sides are good. Wang Jingwei openly surrendered to the Japanese invaders, and Yu Youren took the lead in carrying out verbal criticism and proposed that Wang Jingwei be permanently expelled from the Kuomintang.
In the spring of 1948, on the eve of the end of the Liberation War, Nanjing held the first constitutional national congress, attended by Yu Youren, and together with Sun Ke, Li Zongren, Cheng Qian, Mo Dehui, and Xu Fulin, he ran for the post of vice president of the Kuomintang Nanjing National Government. Yu Youren did not want to seize power and fame and fortune, but took the opportunity to ascend to a high position, promote the early end of the war, and Chinese people a peace.
Yu Youren was naturally defeated. When a friend advised him to find a consortium to borrow money for activities, he said lightly:
"I believe in myself, I also believe in the people, and success or failure depends on the hearts of the people."
The day before the vote was about to be voted, Yu Youren sent invitations to the delegates and invited them to come to the hotel and eat casually. The money for this dinner was raised by Feng Free and 20 other people. On the day of the vote, Yu Right Ren was eliminated. Feng Free sighed:
"How can you succeed if you are penniless and rely only on your personality and prestige and writing and ink to run?" Paper bullets are no match for money bombs. The reason for this failure is that those people are obsessed with worldly feelings, money, fame and fortune. ”
Although Yu Youren was defeated, Li Zongren, Cheng Qian and others admired him very much. Without the vice president, Yu Youren was still the president of the Control Yuan. Even if he did not have a higher authority, Yu Youren was still working for the peace talks between the Kuomintang and the Republic, wanting to reduce the war and solve China's problems through peace talks.
On February 27, 1949, Zhang Shizhao, Shao Lizi and other members of the Shanghai People's Peace Delegation returned to Nanjing after consulting with Mao Zedong, Ye Jianying and other CPC leaders from Beiping on the peace talks between the Kuomintang and the Republic of China.
In April 1949, the Kuomintang-Communist peace talks were officially held in Peiping, and Yu Youren was originally a special envoy, and he himself was very willing to leave, and he was ready to leave, but he was finally stopped. When Zhou Enlai learned of this, he was worried about Youren's situation, and when the draft "Internal Peace Agreement" was sent to Nanjing, the Chinese communists asked Qu Wu to convey to Yu Youren:
"If the Nanjing government refuses to approve the draft, when we cross the river to occupy Nanjing, I hope that Mr. Wang will not leave, and then we will send a plane to pick you up in Beiping and organize a new CPPCC with Zhang Lan, Li Jishen, and others to cooperate together."
Yu Youren was greatly touched when he learned about it, and he had this intention, but at this time, he was already involuntary. As soon as the Battle of the Crossing River began, the Kuomintang military and government organs withdrew to Guangzhou, and Yu Youren was also killed
"Escort"
Went to Guangzhou and continued to preside over the meaningless supervision work. On July 16 of the same year, in order to save the current crisis, the Standing Committee of the Kuomintang Central Committee set up the Central Extraordinary Committee, with Chiang Kai-shek and Li Zongren as the main and vice chairmen, and Yu Youren was one of the nine members.
It is not difficult to see that Chiang Kai-shek has always regarded Yu Youren as a signboard façade and a statue of a mud tire god, and has not given power to the position, and has always been on guard.
In his middle and late years, Yu Youren held an important position in the National Government for a long time, with a prominent position and a strong authority, but because of his open-mindedness and righteousness, he had a clean wind in his sleeves, and often owed foreign debts for his children's tuition and living expenses. Later, he became critically ill, and the hospitalization expenses and medical expenses were all advanced by Chiang Kai-shek.
Before the liberation of Guangzhou, Yu Youren was again "escorted" to Hong Kong, then "ordered" to Chongqing, and finally flew to Taiwan to die. Yu Youren's family, the original wife Gao Zhonglin, the eldest daughter Yu Zhixiu and other blood relatives stayed in the mainland, the youngest son Yu Zhongling lived in Shanghai, and the eldest son and the couple were far away in South America. A family, scattered all over the world.
In Taiwan, Yu Youren has completely become an idle old man, and politics has nothing to do with him. Chiang Kai-shek arranged a villa for him, but Yu Youren resolutely did not want it.
In his twilight years, Yu Youren was lonely and lonely, missing his hometown and relatives on the mainland all day long, and his heart was depressed and depressed, and it was difficult to let go. In January 1962, Yu Youren wrote down the popularity
"Looking at the Hometown" (also known as "National Martyrdom", "Looking at the Mainland"). This is
his
What a song in the world.
November 10, 1964,
Yu Youren passed away at the age of 86. Since he did not leave a single word before his death, people took the poem "Looking at Hometown" as his last will. Therefore, Yu Youren's body was buried on Datun Mountain, the highest mountain in Taipei.
At an altitude of 3,997 meters above sea level, Yushan Peak (the highest peak in southeast China and the highest peak in the island group in the western Pacific Ocean, higher than Mount Fuji in Japan) was erected by posterity
Yu Right Ren
A bronze bust facing the mainland.
The 4-meter-high bronze statue and the required building materials were all carried on the backs of the members of the Taiwan Mountaineering Association little by little (it was destroyed by criminals in 1995). It can also be regarded as the completion of Yu Youren's last wish.
After Yu Youren's death, there was not much left behind, just that
A few boxes of books and some IOUs.