At the end of the Han Dynasty, after more than ten years of offensive disputes, the chaotic world finally ended in the form of three points under the heavens. But if it is more true, the "Three Kingdoms Wei Shu Wu" should actually be the "Four Kingdoms Wei Shu Wu Yan", because there was still a Yan state that was ignored at that time. The State of Yan existed for 48 years, six years longer than the Shu Han Dynasty (excluding Liu Bei before he entered shu and became emperor). The location of the Yan state was in what is now Liaoning Province and part of the Korean Peninsula, and the lord of the country was the Gongsun clan.
Although the Liaodong region has been inhabited by Han People since the Han Dynasty, when the eastern Han Dynasty was chasing deer, the population was sparse and forgotten for a time, and Gongsun Du was able to divide it here. The history of the Three Kingdoms is more about the struggle between the Three Kingdoms of Wei shu and Wu, and there is less description of the Gongsun clan, in fact, the Gongsun clan has never been absent from the struggle between the three kingdoms. After Gongsun Du's death, his son Gongsun Kang succeeded to the throne, at this time Cao Cao had already won the Battle of Guandu, Yuan Shang and Yuan Xi ran to Liaodong to defect to Gongsun Kang, and Gongsun Kang was afraid of Cao Cao and took the initiative to give the heads of Yuan's brothers to Cao Cao.
Cao Cao's focus at that time was to pacify the south, so he temporarily released Gongsun Kang on a horse. Gongsun Kang was unable to defeat Cao Cao, so he devoted himself to using troops against Dongyi and Korea. In 209, Gongsun Kang severely damaged Goguryeo, captured its capital, forced its king to become a vassal, and occupied half of the Korean Peninsula, famous for the three Korean regions. Gongsun Kang's life was short, his son Gongsun Yuan was young, and his brother Gongsun Gong succeeded to the throne, but unfortunately Gongsun Gong was weak and sick, and his personality was cowardly, and Gongsun Yuan took the throne when he grew up.
Gongsun Yuan's implementation of agricultural reform, meritocracy, Liaodong is becoming more and more powerful, Gongsun Yuan's desire is also becoming bigger and bigger, just being a "Liaodong Tu Emperor" can no longer be satisfied, he wants to break away from Cao Wei and stand on his own. In order to seek a perfect solution, he began to look for friends, looking for Eastern Wu, and tentatively secretly sent Qiu Bo with Sun Quan. At that time, Sun Quan was also under the pretext of welcoming Gongsun Yuan as a foreign aid and rioting with Cao Wei's idea, and the two sides hit it off.
In 232 AD, Gongsun Yuan sent emissaries to Visit Eastern Wu to claim subjection to Sun Quan, frantically patting Sun Quan's ass, saying that Sun Quan would be called His Majesty, and himself was humble and respectful, and asked him to be canonized, recognizing Eastern Wu as the suzerainty, and this horse ass was firmly photographed on Sun Quan's itchy flesh! As the latest Emperor of the Three Kingdoms to be called Emperor of Eastern Wu, Sun Quan was very concerned about being looked down upon, and the hesitation to call the emperor was for this reason, who wanted to call the emperor for only four years, Sun Quan, who had been looked down upon, was actually held by Gongsun Yuan to such a high position, it was inevitable that he would float up.
Sun Quan was thrilled in the face of Gongsun Yuan's courtiers, and despite the dissuasion of the important ministers Zhang Zhao, Gu Yong, and others, he used the highest specifications to crown Gongsun Yuan, and sent envoys from Taichang Zhangmi, Jinwu Xuyan, and the general He Da, carrying gold and silver treasures, nine tins, and other ceremonial instruments, and took ten thousand soldiers with him, crowning Gongsun Yuan as the King of Yan, adding nine tins:
"If you are immoral, you will be commanded by the Yuan, and you will be anxious at night, not to mention the false sleep." Si Ping's world is difficult, he relieves Li Shu, answers the gods, and comforts the people. It is to be a family member, to seek Junjie diligently, and to settle the sea with the force, to stay in the same heart, and to grow old with it. Now the envoy of Youzhou Governor Youzhou Led Qingzhou Mu Liaodong Taishou Yan King, Long Threatened Thief, separated on one side, although it is the heart of the country, its road is beautiful. Now because of the Mandate of Heaven, the two envoys sent far away, the sincerity of the money is revealed, the chapter table is attentive, and the decay has obtained this, and what joy is like it! Although Tang met Yi Yin, Zhou yu Lü Wang, and the ancestors of the world were undecided and won the right side of the river, Fang Zhi today, is it too late? The whole world was unified, so it was decided. The book is not cloudy, 'one person has a celebration, and the people depend on it'. Its amnesty for the world, and with it, its Ming Prefecture County, Xian made it known. Specially descended the Yan Kingdom, and was blessed with the edict, so that put the earth to prepare siqing. ——" Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Biography of Wu
After sending the emissary, Sun Quan looked at it and wanted to hear the good news. Who knew that after the emissary arrived in Liaodong, Gongsun Yuan, who was originally subservient, suddenly turned his face, accepted the gold and silver treasure, left 10,000 soldiers, killed the emissaries Zhang Mi, Xu Yan, and He Da, and went to Cao Wei to receive the reward. It turned out that Gongsun Yuan's original intention was only to test whether Sun Quan attached importance to himself, and wanted to find a balance between Cao Wei and Eastern Wu, who not only accepted the official position of Cao Wei's regime, but also hooked up with Sun Quan, which is called "riding the wall" in today's words.
However, Gongsun Yuan did not expect Sun Quan to be so "honest" at all, and openly gave him the title of king, adding nine tins, which really frightened Gongsun Yuan, afraid of Cao Wei's crusade, and quickly killed the eastern Wu envoys, and claimed to "swear allegiance to Cao Wei to the death", after all, Eastern Wu was far in the southeast, and Cao Wei was close at hand. Cao Rui saw that Gongsun Yuan was still quite acquainted, and rewarded him with another reward. Gongsun Yuan went in and out and took the double reward, which is 666 no matter how you look at it! Sun Quan, who was waiting for the news, was angry and exploded after learning about it, and he was humiliated!
Quan Fury said: "Sixty years old, the world is difficult and easy, and it is not tasted, but it is close to the front of the rats, which makes people feel like a mountain." Do not carry the head of the rat to throw it at the sea, and have no face to return to all nations. It makes us upside down and doesn't think it's hateful. ——" The Biography of Jiang Biao"
Sun Quan said: "After living for 60 years, only I take advantage, where I suffer losses!" Now he was deceived by Gongsun Yuan, which made people extremely angry. If I hadn't personally grabbed him, cut off his head and thrown it into the sea, I would still have the face to rule the world. Even though the expedition was unusually difficult, I wouldn't have any complaints. If it were not for the desperate efforts of his subordinates to stop Sun Quan, I was afraid that Sun Quan would go to Gongsun Yuan desperately at the first time, and Sun Quan's resentment could be seen from this.
After playing Sun Quan, Gongsun Yuan did not panic, nor did he feel unkind, but more excited, thinking that Sun Quan was just an idiot who would only play with power, and it was not as sinister as his own 'fraction'. Immediately afterward, Gongsun Yuan did not idle, he did not take the gold and silver jewelry obtained from Sun Quan into his own pocket, but used this money to enrich the economy of Liaodong and strengthen the army of Liaodong. Then he sold to Cao Rui and developed peacefully and steadily for several years.
In 237, Cao Wei finally freed his hand and prepared to clean up Gongsun Yuan. Cao Rui sent Yuqiu Jian to recruit Gongsun Yuan, but Gongsun Yuan did not comply and defeated Qiu Jian. Soon after, Gongsun Yuan was proclaimed emperor in Liaodong, with the state name of Great Yan. Cao Rui, who was known as "Little Cao Yun", of course did not panic, and immediately recalled Sima Yi, the commander of Cao Wei's "ashes level", and gave 30,000 elite soldiers to go to recruit Gongsun Yuan. Gongsun Yuan, whose eyebrows were burning, suddenly remembered Sun Quan, who was very good to him, and quickly sent emissaries to Eastern Wu to ask for foreign assistance.
Sun Quan still remembered the troubles of that year, and his hatred for Gongsun Yuan could not be repeated, and when he saw that Gongsun Yuan had suffered, his heart was overjoyed, and he wrote back to Gongsun Yuan, saying: "I am in solidarity with my brother and coexist and die, although I fell in the Central Plains, I am willing to do so." Sima Yi was invincible and deeply worried about his brother. "On the surface, I promised to send troops, but there was no action at all. At the end, gongsun yuan was disgusted: Sima Yi is very powerful, so worry about your brother!
In 238, under the pressure of Sima Yi, Gongsun Yuan's army was defeated. Sima Yi launched a large-scale killing campaign in Liaodong and moved the local residents back to the interior, which gave the nomadic people who were severely suppressed by the Gongsun clan a huge space for development, leaving hidden dangers for the later "Wuhu Chaohua".
Sun Quan was the longest-reigning monarch during the Three Kingdoms period, ruling in Jiangdong for 53 years. Sun Quan's comprehensive talent is far inferior to Cao Cao's, and he is not necessarily stronger than Liu Bei, but in the first half of his life, he was good at judging the hour and sizing up the situation, handling things steadily, and basically succeeding, and he was called "the lord of wisdom, benevolence, and strategy". However, in his later years, Sun Quan was dimwitted and even brutal, "jealous of sex, and fruitful in killing", and made serious mistakes in a series of major issues, and the subjugation of Eastern Wu actually began with Sun Quan.
(Reference: Romance of the Three Kingdoms, etc.)