When it comes to Shandong, everyone will think of the "hometown of Confucius and Mencius" and "the state of etiquette", and there have been Confucian masters such as Confucius, Mencius, Yan Hui, Zeng Shan, etc., and also let the land of Shandong flow with the blood of gentleness and frugality, which is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.
In fact, shandong history is not only culturally prosperous, martial arts are also very powerful, there have been many top famous generals who can stand through the ages, below, let's summarize the top ten famous generals in shandong history.
First of all, it is Sun Wu, who is revered as the "Soldier Saint".
Born in 545 BC in le'an, Qiguo (present-day northeastern Shandong), Sun Wu wrote the Art of War of Sun Tzu, which was later praised as the "Holy Code of Military Studies" and occupied a very important position in the history of military history and philosophy in China and even the world.
"Sun Tzu's Art of War" is the first systematic military book in Chinese history, and it is also the most well-known and influential military book in history, in which military ideas such as "planning and then moving", "knowing each other and knowing oneself, never losing a hundred battles", "cutting down the plot of the soldiers, then cutting the enemy, then cutting the soldiers, and attacking the city" have been passed down to this day.
When Li Shimin talked with Li Jing about the military, he spoke highly of it: "Looking at the books of the soldiers, there is no Sun Wu. Sun Wu's thirteen articles, there is no false reality, and the husband uses the military to understand the virtual reality, then he is invincible. ”
Sun Wu's book of soldiers was also enough to sit on the throne of the first general in Chinese history, and he was praised by later generations as "the ancestor of the hundred generations of soldiers".
Secondly, it is Wu Qi, who is equally famous with Sun Wu.
Wu Qi was born in 440 BC in the Weiguo Zuo clan (present-day Cao County, Shandong), and was known as "Sun Wu" along with Sun Wu, and wrote the "Art of War of Wu Zi", which together with the "Art of War of Sun Zi" is called "Sun Wu Art of War".
The Old Book of Tang commented: "All those who speak are headed by Sun, Wu, Han, and Bai." That is to say, when it comes to the famous generals of all generations, they are headed by Sun Wu, Wu Qi, Han Xin, and Bai Qi, which shows the high status of them.
Third, it is Sun Zhen, who is also the same as Sun Wu.
There is not much information about Sun Bing in history, the year of birth and death is unknown, and even the name is not known, but because he once suffered from "punishment", he was called Sun Bing.
Sun Bing was a native of Heze, Shandong, who studied with Pang Juan in Ghost Valley and wrote "The Art of War of Sun Yuan", which was once confused with "Sun Zi's Art of War" in history, and even many people even testified that Sun Bin and Sun Wu were the same person, but in fact, they were not.
Fourth, it was Sima Tian, the Grand Sima of the State of Qi.
Tian Hoang Tho, also known as Sima Hoang Tho, was a Qi person in the late Spring and Autumn period, in present-day Zibo, Shandong.
Although Tian Yong Tho was not as famous as Sun Wu and Wu Qida, his military achievements were also very high, and Sima Qian commented: "Yu read Sima Zhao's art of war, and the outline of Hong Was far-reaching, although three generations of conquest, he failed to fulfill his righteousness. ”
During the reign of Emperor Suzong of Tang, the Wu Temple was established, with Jiang Taigong as the main deity, and five famous generals on each side were listed, called the "Ten Philosophers of the Wu Temple", including Tian Hoang Tho, and the other nine were: Sun Wu, Wu Qi, Le Yi, Bai Qi, Han Xin, Zhang Liang, Zhuge Liang, Li Jing, and Li Ji.
Fifth, it was the Qin Dynasty general Meng Tian.
Meng Tian was a native of Mengshan County, Linyi, Shandong, a native of the Qi state of Mengshan (present-day Mengyin County, Linyi, Shandong), who followed Qin Shi Huang in his southern expedition to the northern war and made great contributions to the unification of the six kingdoms.
After the establishment of the Qin Dynasty, Meng Tian led another 300,000 troops to attack the Xiongnu in the north, so that the Xiongnu did not dare to go south, and was known as "the first warrior in China".
Sima Qian commented on him: "For the Qin kaidi to benefit the people, the northern Jing Xiongnu, according to the river as a plug, because the mountain is solid, build Yuzhong." ”
Sixth, it was chen tang, a famous general of the Han Dynasty.
Chen Tang was a native of Shanyang County (present-day Yanzhou, Shandong), a famous general in the Western Han Dynasty, and the phrase "those who commit crimes against a strong Han will be punished from afar" is what he said.
Chen Tang's most important achievement was to eliminate the Northern Xiongnu Zhi Zhi Shan Yu, ending more than a hundred years of war between the Han Dynasty and the Xiongnu, and making a miraculous contribution.
The "Book of Han and the Biography of Chen Tang" commented: "The merit of establishing a thousand years, the security of building ten thousand worlds, and the honor of the qunchen are great." ”
Seventh, it is Li Ji, the god of war in the Tang Dynasty.
Li Ji was a native of Cao Prefecture (曹州離狐; present-day Heze, Shandong), who followed Li Shimin on his southern expedition to the north and opened up territory for the Tang Dynasty, and was known as a "god of war" level figure, and together with another famous general, Li Jing, he was called "Er Li".
Li Shimin commented: "Li Jing and Li Ji, Gu Zhihan, Bai, Wei, and Huo Can also be! ”
In the "Ten Philosophies of the WuMiao Temple" established by Emperor Suzong of Tang, there were only two representatives of the Tang Dynasty, namely Li Jing and Li Ji, who were juxtaposed with Sun Wu, Wu Qi, Han Xin, Zhang Liang, and others.
Eighth, it was qin qiong, a famous general of the Tang Dynasty.
Due to the popularity of novels such as "Speaking of Tang Dynasty", Qin Qiong once became synonymous with Shandong's military generals, and his popularity was very high.
Qin Qiong was a native of Licheng, Qi prefecture (present-day Jinan, Shandong), who made great contributions to the establishment of the Tang Dynasty, and was given the title of Duke of Hu and ranked among the twenty-four heroes of Lingyange.
In today's Jinan Wulongtan Park, there is still a Qin Qiong Ancestral Hall, and many magical stories have happened.
The ninth is Qi Jiguang, the national hero of the Ming Dynasty.
Qi Jiguang was born in Dengzhou, Shandong (present-day Penglai, Shandong) in 1528, and in the face of the invasion of the Wukou, he formed a "Qi Family Army", which was very strong in combat and was the main force of the Ming Dynasty's resistance to the Wu dynasty at that time.
Qi Jiguang was very flexible in combat, and in view of the characteristics of the Wokou, he invented the "Mandarin Duck Array" and specially restrained the Wokou, and achieved very great results. Qi Jiguang also wrote two military books: the "New Book of Ji Xiao" and the "Record of Military Training", which had a great influence on future generations.
The Biography of Ming Shi Qi Jiguang commented: "Ji Guang gave strict orders to the generals, rewarded and punished letters, and did not dare to use his life." He and Dayi are both famous generals, and their conduct is not as good as that of Dayu, but their determination is excessive. The veteran general of Dayu holds a heavy job, and Jiguang is a power generation, repeatedly destroying the Great Kou, and the name is even more prominent. ”
Tenth, it was Zhang Zizhong, a famous anti-Japanese general.
Born in 1891 in Linqing, Shandong, General Zhang Zizhong joined Feng Yuxiang's Northwest Army in his early years, served as the commander-in-chief of the 33rd Group Army in the War of Resistance Against Japan, and led his troops to participate in the Defense of Linyi, the Battle of Xuzhou, the Battle of Wuhan, the Battle of Zaoyi and other important battles.
On May 16, 1940, General Zhang Zizhong was martyred in the Battle of Zaoyi, becoming the highest-ranking general sacrificed by the Allies during World War II.
After the martyrdom of General Zhang Zizhong, the Nationalist government issued him a "Rongzi No. 1" letter of honor and mourning, entered the first place of the Zhongzhong Martyrs' Shrine, and held a solemn state funeral. Zhou Enlai's inscription said: "His loyalty and righteousness, his heroic spirit, can be the soul of the Chinese anti-war soldiers." ”