In December 1959, the first amnesty was ushered in for war criminals in Gongdelin, and the first group of ten people who were pardoned were old acquaintances in modern history, namely Wang Yaowu, Du Yuming, Chen Changjie, Yang Botao, Zheng Tingji, Qiu Xingxiang, Song Xilian, Zeng Zhaoqing, Zhou Zhenqiang, and Lu Junquan.
The ten people who were able to be pardoned in the first batch must have their own reasons, and there are many other considerations besides their own sincere repentance. The pardoned were naturally overjoyed, but those who remained in the Meritorious Forest were depressed.
The merits are clear
Fan Hanjie was very depressed, he had been looking forward to being able to get out of Gongdelin, after being captured, Fan Hanjie's attitude has been very good, actively accepting reform, and his past official position is not low, he is the deputy commander-in-chief, it is also very influential, if you want to write a list of amnesty, there is no problem in writing Fan Hanjie, why did Fan Hanjie lose the election? This has to be studied to see what is so special about the ten people who were pardoned.
When Wang Yaowu was first captured, the chairman sent someone to tell him: "Your merits are merits, your deeds are excessive, your anti-Japanese merits will always be remembered by us Communists, as long as you are at ease and reformed, you will soon return to the people." Compared with other colleagues, Wang Yaowu was not guilty of any crime, and he was also a hero of the Anti-Japanese Resistance, and the 74th Army he led in the War of Resistance Against Japan had the reputation of the Anti-Japanese Iron Army, and he worked hard and made great achievements in the Battle of Songhu and the Defense of Nanjing.
Moreover, during the Battle of Jinan and our army, Wang Yaowu chose to evacuate the people in the city, so that Li Min was spared from the flames of war, and at the same time released the revolutionaries imprisoned in the city, from these two points, although Wang Yaowu followed the old Chiang, he was still a person with the people in his heart and conscience, and after entering Gongdelin, he also actively participated in the transformation, so naturally he could become the first batch of people to be released.
Although at first Du Yuming was reluctant to accept reform, after education, Du Yuming felt the sincerity of our party and his thinking changed. Otherwise, how to call it a transformation of rebirth. Visiting to learn is the best course for contrasting old and new societies. From the perspective of the people, it is to remember bittersweetly, and from the perspective of our war criminals, it is to remember sins and cherish gratitude. ”
Du Yuming's son-in-law Yang Zhenning is also a Nobel Prize winner and the glory of the Chinese, and looking at Yang Zhenning's face, it is also appropriate to pardon Du Yuming.
Forgive and forget
Chen Changjie's situation is more special, his capture and amnesty are all related to Fu Zuoyi, at that time, Chen Changjie was the commander of the Tianjin garrison, after the Pingjin Campaign began, our party demanded that Chen Changjie surrender, but Chen Changjie stubbornly defended the city, it turned out that this was Fu Zuoyi's order. However, Chen Changjie did not expect that he was sticking to Tianjin, but Fu Zuoyi was thinking about peace talks, and in the end, Fu Zuoyi was safe and sound, but Chen Changjie entered the Gongdelin, which made Chen Changjie feel very resentful in his heart. Fu Zuoyi was also ashamed, so he worked hard to win an amnesty for Chen Changjie.
Yang Botao, Zheng Tingdi, and Qiu Xingxiang belong to one situation, and it is also the most common situation among gongdelin war criminals, that is, they were initially suspicious of our party as captured war criminals, but after our party's ideological education, there have been tremendous changes in their hearts, and they are willing to cooperate with our party's work and not evade the transformation action. Moreover, their hearts are good, they have all made meritorious contributions in the War of Resistance Against Japan, and although their situation is not special compared with the previous ones, their exemplary participation in the transformation should also be pardoned.
After Song Xilian was captured, he was once discouraged, thinking that his death was coming. In order to dispel the fear in Song Xilian's heart, his friend and old classmate General Chen Geng personally came to visit him, talked with him for a long time, and after talking with Chen Geng for a long time, Song Xilian gradually perked up, was willing to actively perform, and became one of the leaders of the Gongdelin War Criminals Study Group.
At the time of the amnesty, taking into account that Song Xilian's attitude toward reform was relatively good, and that during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression that year, Song Xilian once disregarded He Yingqin's obstruction, gambled his life to lead troops to Shanghai to fight against the Japanese Kou, and issued a public speech: "It is better to be a ghost who died in battle and be ashamed to be a people who destroy the country.", which greatly boosted the morale of the people of the War of Resistance and was a person who made meritorious contributions to the country.
Punish the former and the latter
Lu Junquan this person has never had much sense of existence, but Lu Junquan has a very famous nephew Lu Han, Lu Han is a hero of the Yunnan uprising, made great contributions to the liberation of new China, Lu Junquan was also regarded as a subordinate of Lu Han, and also one of the representative figures of the former Dian Army, plus Lu Han interceded for his uncle, Lu Junquan's attitude is also enough, naturally he was also pardoned.
Zeng Kuanqing and Zhou Zhenqiang's identities are more special, the two are secret agents, compared with the above-mentioned many legitimate generals, it is quite disgraceful, the situation of the two of them is different, Zeng Guangqing's crime is lighter, in fact, he is also a first-term student of Huangpu, when the Xi'an Incident occurred, it was Zeng Kuanqing who came forward to ask Zhang Xueliang to give a speech to stabilize the situation and promote cooperation between the two parties. But because of this, he was targeted by lao Jiang and sat on the cold bench for many years, away from the center of power. However, this also shows that he did not have a chance to make any major mistakes, and he also made neutral contributions to the Xi'an Incident, and it is not controversial that he was pardoned.
Zhou Zhenqiang was a resolute supporter of old Chiang Kai-shek, and he had a bit of a taste of foolishness, but Premier Zhou proposed that after Zhou Zhenqiang accepted the transformation, his mental outlook was different from before, and second, if we pardoned Zhou Zhenqiang, we could also show our attitude, even if it was old Chiang's confidant, as long as the attitude was good, it could be pardoned.
Compared with the above ten people, Fan Hanjie's competitiveness was not very strong, but Fan Hanjie made a big mistake that year, that is, when Cai Tingkai and Jiang Guangnai tried to raise an army against Jiang in Fujian, Fan Hanjie learned of this and handed over the codebook in Cai and Jiang's army to Dai Kasa, resulting in the failure of the uprising, and Cai Tingkai and Jiang Guangnai also almost died because of it.
When the amnesty list was finalized, Cai Tingkai and Jiang Guangnai were among the people involved in drawing up the list, and of course the mistakes that Fan Hanjie made that year could not escape, and because of this, Fan Hanjie did not become the first person to be pardoned.
However, in view of the fact that Fan Hanjie also actively accepted the reform and had a good attitude, although the first batch of lists did not have Fan Hanjie, the second batch of amnesty lists the following year still appeared Fan Hanjie's name. A New Era Has Arrived These high-ranking Kuomintang officials have also been promoted by various forces and have blended into the torrent of the times.