Du Yuming was the highest-ranking Kuomintang general captured by our party in the Liberation War, and was defeated and captured in the Battle of Huaihai.
After the defeat of the army, there was a question that had plagued Du Yaoming for decades, that is, what was the Battle of Huaihai? How could the Kuomintang army collapse at once?
In fact, as a high-ranking general, how could Du Yuming not know that there must be a Communist Party within the Kuomintang, otherwise how could the Communist Party have a thorough understanding of the Kuomintang army's battle plans. In Du Yuming's heart, there was already an object of suspicion, but for various reasons there was no way to confirm it, until Du Yuming saw Guo Ruhuai before his death in 1981, and he got the answer.
Before his death, Guo Ruhuai went to visit Du Yuming, and was questioned by Du Yuming on the spot: "Are you an undercover communist party?" ”
In the face of questioning, Guo Ruhuai replied: "It is just that the political views are different. This undoubtedly answered Du Yuming's question.
So who is Guo Ruhuai? Why did Du Yuming stay in his arms for decades?
Today we will talk about Guo Ruhuai, a secret agent who worked deep behind enemy lines, and his career as an agent.
Guo Ruhuai
Early joined the Communist Party
In 1907, Guo Ruhuai was born in a family of scholars in Sichuan, his father was Xiucai at the end of the Qing Dynasty, because the abolition of the imperial examination system in the late Qing government made Guo Ruhuai's father depressed, like to discuss current politics, attack warlords, and pity the people, which also made Guo Ruhuai hear from an early age and had no good impression of warlords.
In 1919, the 12-year-old Guo Ruhuai followed his father to Chengdu to study, just this year broke out the May Fourth Movement, the social trend of thought flooded, the voice of national salvation is endless, Guo Ruhuai under the influence of the teacher, initially contacted the communist thought, and became interested in it.
During his studies at the school in Chengdu, Guo Ruhuai not only came into contact with many advanced Ideas in the West, but also got to know a large number of progressive patriots. Under their influence, after graduating from Ruhuai High School in 1925, he went to Guangdong to study at the Whampoa Military Academy and began his career as a soldier.
During his studies at the Whampoa Military Academy, Guo Ruhuai often attended lectures on propagating communist ideas, and also read the works of Chen Duxiu and others, and after a deep understanding of communism, he believed that only communism could save the current China.
After learning that his friend Yuan Jingming was a member of the Communist Party, Guo Ruhuai even decided to join the Communist Party, and the two formed a revolutionary friendship and fought together for the revolutionary cause. However, due to Guo Ruhuai's special status, he was the cousin of Guo Rudong, the commander of the Sichuan Army, and needed to go through the organizational test, so he decided to talk about it after a while.
This waited until 1927, when Chiang Kai-shek supported the army and respected himself, tried to turn the state army into a personal army, and wantonly arrested communists, which caused dissatisfaction among the people.
After the April 12 Massacre, the first cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communists broke down, and for a time many Communists' lives were threatened, and Guo Ruhuai was ordered to go to Sichuan to persuade Guo Rudong to prevent Yang Sen from sending troops to Wuhan. After arriving in Sichuan, Guo Ruhuai persuaded Guo Rudong to prevent Yang Sen from sending troops, but he did not expect Guo Rudong to agree on the surface, but secretly pledged allegiance to Chiang Kai-shek behind his back.
Although the task was not completed, Guo Ruhuai was appointed to work in the Political Department, where he gave full play to his advantages, gave speeches everywhere, propagated communism, angrily denounced Chiang Kai-shek's hypocrisy, and became a famous red figure for a time.
In 1928, Guo Ruhuai passed the test of the organization and officially joined the Communist Party under the introduction of his friend Yuan Jingming.
Yuan Jingming
Lost contact with the organization, returning from study abroad was reused
At this time, the whole country was shrouded in white terror, and because of Guo Rudong's relationship, Guo Ruhuai stayed in the Sichuan Army for two years.
In 1930, in order to strengthen the control of the Twentieth Army, Chiang Kai-shek specially sent commissioners to the Sichuan Army to preside over the work of suppressing the communists, and Guo Rudong was afraid that Guo Ruhuai and others would implicate him, so he suggested that they go to Japan to study, but this also caused Guo Ruhuai to lose contact with the organization.
In November 1930, after Guo Ruhuai arrived in Japan, he asked someone to teach Japanese, and soon after was admitted to the Japanese Non-Commissioned Officer School. In school, Guo Ruhuai learned systematic modern military knowledge and underwent brutal military training, becoming a qualified soldier.
In September 1931, the September 18 Incident broke out, and Japan invaded and occupied Northeast China by force, and for a time, tens of thousands of people became slaves to the country. Chinese students in Japan protested fiercely against this incident, and the Japanese people became more and more hostile to the Chinese, at this time Guo Ruhuai angrily withdrew from the Japanese non-commissioned officer school, returned to China with enthusiasm and wanted to serve the country, because he was unwilling to suppress the Communists, and was successfully admitted to the Chinese Army University soon after.
During his studies at the Army School, Guo Ruhuai achieved excellent results and had a unique view of the war situation at that time, and was heavily valued by Yang Jie, chief of staff of the General Headquarters, and began to emerge step by step.
In July 1937, the Lugou Bridge Incident broke out, and the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression broke out in full swing, and Guo Ruhuai was recommended by his classmates to serve in Chen Cheng's 14th Division.
After the Lugou Bridge Incident, the Japanese army attempted to expand the war situation and occupied Shanghai, and the Battle of Songhu broke out. In order to defend Nanjing, Chiang Kai-shek sent a million troops to Shanghai to carry out the Battle of Songhu, and Guo Ruhuai's 14th Brigade was ordered to fight on the front line of the Tangkou in the north and south, and Guo Ruhuai acted as brigade commander.
In the face of the crazy attack of the Japanese army, Guo Ruhuai vowed to guard to the death, at a dangerous moment, took the lead in writing a suicide note, stabilized the hearts of the army, led the charge, personally went to the front line many times to supervise the battle, boosted morale, fought with the Japanese army for 7 days and 7 nights, and fought to the death. After the battle, Guo Ruhuai was appointed chief of staff of the 54th Army, and was even more highly valued by Chen Cheng.
After the Battle of Songhu, Guo Ruhuai had the title of "Iron-Blooded General", and was soon sent by Chen Cheng to fight everywhere, participating in famous large-scale battles such as the Battle of Wuhan, the Battle of Changsha, and the Battle of Western Hubei, and hitting the Japanese army with few victories countless times. Especially in the Battle of Western Hubei, Guo Ruhuai exerted outstanding command ability and excellent strategic vision, defended positions, won the victory in the Battle of Western Hubei, and received countless awards.
In just a few years, Guo Ruhuai went from an ordinary non-commissioned officer to a senior general of the Kuomintang, trusted and valued by Chen Cheng and Chiang Kai-shek, and in 1945, as a military and political representative, he participated in the surrender ceremony of the Japanese army.
Witness the corruption of the Kuomintang and connect with the organization
Many years of conquest and war had enabled Guo Ruhuai to witness the corrupt behavior within the Kuomintang, and the officers were proficient from top to bottom, eating empty salaries, accepting bribes, eating, drinking, and gambling, and did not care about the development of the war situation in the front. What makes people even more infuriated is that chiang kai-shek still did not give up suppressing the communists, constantly creating friction and depleting the domestic anti-war forces.
Guo Ruhuai had previously thought that Chiang Kai-shek did have military ability, but after close contact, he found that Chiang Kai-shek and his people had no appearance, their political skills were strong, and their military ability was mediocre, and many mistakes on the battlefield were inseparable from Chiang Kai-shek's passive military defense ideology.
Seeing all kinds of corrupt acts within the Kuomintang, he was very unhappy in his heart, and asked himself countless times, can such a corrupt political party really save China from water and fire? Can it really lead the country to greatness? At this time, Guo Ruhuai couldn't help but think of the Communist Party many years ago, and didn't know how the Communist Party was.
One day in 1945, just when Guo Ruhuai was upset, he won a distinguished guest at home, and it was whether it was Huang Pu's former classmate Ren Yiyi. Ren Was already a member of the Communist Party during the Whampoa period, but he had not been in contact for many years, so he did not know what to do with him at this time?
At first, Ren Tiyi did not explain his intentions, but only said that he had come to join his old classmates, but Guo Ruhuai was very happy in his heart, and he did not know whether he could connect with the Communist Party again through Ren Tiyi. After ren Yiyi's many investigations, it was determined that Guo Ruhuai really hated the bureaucratic style of the Kuomintang and wanted to cooperate with the Communist Party, and after explaining this intention to his superior Dong Biwu, he arranged for the two to meet.
When Guo Ruhuai and Dong Biwu met, the two talked very happily, and under Dong Biwu's arrangement, Guo Ruhuai officially lurked within the Kuomintang and became an invisible blade inserted by our party in the heart of the enemy.
Dong Biwu
Risking death to pass on the news and lead the army to revolt
In 1946, Chiang Kai-shek, with the support of imperialism, launched a civil war, and Guo Ruhuai was appointed by Chen Cheng as the director of the War Department, directly involved in planning the battle plan and commanding the front campaign.
When he first received the appointment, Guo Ruhuai refused, fearing that he would become an accomplice in the maiming of the People's Liberation Army, but the party believed that the post of director of the War Department was extremely important and directly affected the situation on the battlefield, and it was undoubtedly good news that his own person would take over. With the consent of the Party, Guo Ruhuai served as the director of the War Department and used his power to convey to our side a lot of important information, which enabled our Party to know itself and the other in several battles and won a complete victory, of which the Battle of Menglianggu was the most famous, killing the division commander Zhang Lingfu.
Guo Ruhuai provided military intelligence to the People's Liberation Army many times, and the Kuomintang army was defeated all the way, and every time it encountered the PLA troops, the PLA seemed to have learned the battle plan in advance, which could not help but arouse the suspicion of people with hearts, including Du Yuming.
Chiang Kai-shek and Du Yuming
Du Yuming had always suspected that Guo Ruhuai was a Communist intelligence officer, but there was no evidence, and Guo Ruhuai was trusted by Chen Cheng and Chiang Kai-shek and did not dare to act rashly.
It is also ridiculous to say that the reason for suspecting that Guo Ruhuai is the Communist Party, in addition to military leaks and blind command, is actually Guo Ruhuai's style of never being corrupt and honest in performing official duties for many years, which makes Du Yuming think that Guo Ruhuai's style of life and work is incompatible with the life style of high-ranking Kuomintang officials, but is very similar to the style of the Communist Party.
When Du Yuming told Chiang Kai-shek of his suspicions, he did not expect Chiang Kai-shek to burst out and scold: "Can't our party produce a person who is honest and honest in performing official duties?" After that, Chiang Kai-shek believed that Guo Ruhuai was a person who sincerely did things for the party-state, and he trusted Guo Ruhuai even more.
In October 1948, on the eve of the Battle of Huaihai, Chiang Kai-shek summoned the generals to formulate a battle plan and put forward the policy of "defending the river and guarding Huaihai". At this time, Guo Ruhuai also attended the meeting, and Guo Ruhuai, in order to make the balance of victory in favor of our party, formulated an outrageous battle plan, abandoned Xuzhou's strong fortifications, and concentrated his forces to fight a major decisive battle with the PLA on both sides of the Jinpu Road in Xuzhou and Bengbu.
When Du Yuming got this outrageous battle plan, he said: "How does the Ministry of National Defense get it, rats and snakes, once a war starts, it will be beaten everywhere." However, Du Jieming was obviously powerless to change the battle plan, and could only see the moves on the battlefield, and on the battlefield, because of Chiang Kai-shek's hesitation and change of orders, he led to the repeated delay of the fighter, resulting in the final defeat of Du Yuming's troops and his capture.
In November 1948, the Battle of Huaihai broke out.
The Platon's bravery and good fighting, Guo Ruhuai's timely military intelligence, and Chiang Kai-shek's blind command were perfectly combined to form a huge power, and after several fierce battles, the Kuomintang army collapsed in its entirety, and the Platon Army won a great victory in the Huaihai Campaign.
The Battle of Huaihai was a decisive battle between the People's Liberation Army and the Kuomintang's last elite troops, with a total of millions of troops on both sides, and the victory or defeat of this victory played a decisive role in the fate of both sides, and Guo Ruhuai's intelligence provided an important role in the development of the war situation.
Battle of Huaihai
After the Battle of Huaihai, the elite losses of the Kuomintang were exhausted, and Guo Ruhuai, as the director of the war department of this campaign, bore great responsibility for this defeat, and in order to "atone for his sins" and to better gain Chiang Kai-shek's trust, Guo Ruhuai decided to take the advance as a retreat, resigned, and went down to the troops to temper himself.
At the recommendation of Gu Zhutong, Chiang Kai-shek appointed Guo Ruhuai as the commander of the Seventy-second Army, rebuilt this unit that had been scattered in the Battle of Huaihai, and went to Sichuan to block the People's Liberation Army.
Guo Ruhuai received the order, immediately recruited troops, used people he trusted as regimental commanders and division commanders, and managed to ask the Ministry of National Defense for sufficient equipment to prepare for the uprising. Of course, Chiang Kai-shek was completely unaware of this matter.
In December 1949, when the People's Liberation Army was preparing to liberate Sichuan, Guo Ruhuai electrified the national uprising and helped our army break through the defensive line in the southwest region, greatly reducing casualties and promoting the pace of our army's liberation of the whole country.
When Du Yuming learned the news of Guo Ruhuai's uprising in the southwest, his heart could not be calm for a long time, and du Yuming had always been grumpy about the defeat in the Huaihai Campaign, and he wanted to know whether Guo Ruhuai was really a communist and whether he had delivered news to the People's Liberation Army many times, but there had been no way to confirm it. This has also become Du Yuming's obsession, wanting to confirm his own speculation.
Du Yuming
Until 1981, when Du Yuming was seriously ill, Guo Ruhuai, as a former comrade-in-arms, went to the hospital to visit him, but du Yuming still did not give up, took Guo Ruhuai's hand and asked: "Are you really an undercover communist party?" ”
At that time, Guo Ruhuai had not yet recovered his identity, so he did not answer positively, but only said: "The political views between you and me are different." ”
It seems that nothing was said, but it was also as if everything was said, and after saying this, Du Yuming seemed to let go of the obsession in his heart, and soon died of illness in Beijing.
For various reasons, in 1980, Guo Ruhuai's party membership was restored, realizing his long-cherished political wish for half a lifetime.
During his time in the Kuomintang troops, Guo Ruhuai lived a simple life, his clothes and sofas at home were sewn and patched up, he was not corrupt, he was not lustful, he was bent on fighting for the country, and at the crucial moment he was able to abandon the kuomintang high-ranking official Houlu, walk on the edge of danger, pass on countless intelligence for our party, and speed up the pace of national liberation.
Guo Ruhuai was loyal to the country and the people all his life, and he is worthy of admiration by future generations.