When studying the War of Liberation, there was such a passage: "Chiang Kai-shek held a combat conference, and the battle plan was not yet sent to the hands of the generals of the Nationalist army, so it first arrived at the desk of Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai." In fact, this is not just a paragraph, because during the Liberation War, the Kuomintang was indeed infiltrated by the underground party.
In fact, in the more than ten years that Dai Kasa was in charge of military unification, the Kuomintang's intelligence system still had a certain strength, and it could make a few moves with the CPC Social Department led by Li Kenong. However, Dai Kasa crashed and died before the Liberation War could begin in full swing, and Mao Renfeng, who later took charge of the Secrecy Bureau, was not Li Kenong's opponent at all, and the Kuomintang was infiltrated from top to bottom.
During the Liberation War, the work efficiency of the underground party was once evaluated in this way, and the Kuomintang's battle plan was formulated by Lieutenant General Liu Fei (an underground party member), deputy chief of staff, and Lieutenant General Guo Rujie ( an underground party member), director of the War Department of the Ministry of National Defense
Lieutenant General Zhang Kexia, deputy commander of the 3rd Appeasement District, Lieutenant General He Jifeng and other underground party executions, such a war, can the Kuomintang army be undefeated?
During the Liberation War, there were indeed too many outstanding underground party members, and the strength of these people could top a division or even an army, and Guo Rujie, director of the Operations Department of the Kuomintang Ministry of National Defense, was a very typical example.
Tianzi protégé
In 1907, Guo Rugui was born in Tongliang, Sichuan Province, in a scholarly mendi. When Guo Rugui was born, the family had already fallen, but Guo Rugui was affected by the family environment and was still very interested in reading, and in 1919, Guo Rugui went to Chengdu with her father and entered the Chengdu Higher Normal School and the Chengdu Union Middle School.
When Guo Rugui went to Chengdu to study, it was also the time when the May Fourth Movement broke out, and Guo Rugui was deeply impressed by the idea of socialism. Although Guo Rugui's father was only a down-and-out showman, he was very interested in current affairs, often attacking the authoritarian rule of the Beiyang government and exposing the darkness of society, and Guo Rugui was also deeply influenced by his father.
In 1925, Guo Rugui's father planned to let his son go to Tongji University in Shanghai to study medicine, but Guo Rugui was bent on serving the country and wanted to devote himself to writing.
At this time, Guo Rudong's cousin Guo Rudong was already the commander of the Ninth Division of the Sichuan Army, and he wanted to defect to the revolutionary government in Guangdong, so he gathered some aspiring young people in Sichuan to apply for the Whampoa Military Academy
Guo Rugui, who has reached the age of 18, has also been selected to enter the Huangpu Phase V study.
At the time of the Northern Expedition, it was the first period of cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communists, and the relations between the two parties were very good at that time.
Most of the political instructors at the Whampoa Military Academy were communists. Guo Rugui listened to the lectures of Xiao Chunu, Yun Daiying and others, and read the works of Li Da, Chen Duxiu and others.
When Guo Rugui learned that his friend Yuan Jingming, who had been admitted to the Whampoa Military Academy with him, was a member of the Communist Party, he asked Yuan to introduce him to the party. Yuan Jingming, because Guo Rujing was Guo Rudong's cousin, told him that he needed to go through a period of testing.
In 1927, Chiang Kai-shek betrayed the revolution and launched the April 12 counter-revolutionary incident, and the Sichuan warlord Yang Sen cooperated with Chiang Kai-shek in attacking Wuhan. Guo Rudong's cousin Guo Rudong, who was already the deputy commander of the Sichuan-Hubei Border Defense Command at this time, had the strength of two divisions and a brigade, Wu Yuzhang found Guo Rugui, asked him to graduate early, and asked him to find a way to get his cousin Guo Rudong to stop Yang Sen, Guo Rudong later said that his strength blocked Yang Sen, but he could not send a single soldier.
In May 1928, Guo Rugui was introduced by Yuan Jingming, deputy head of the Major Regiment and head of the Communist Party branch, to join the Communist Party of China and realize the wish he pursued.
Guo Ruzhi remained under his cousin Guo Rudong, and after Guo Rudong succeeded Yang Sen as the commander of the 20th Army of the Sichuan Army, he began to become increasingly reactionary for the sake of Chiang Kai-shek. Although Guo Rudong did not know that his cousin Guo Rugui had joined the Communist Party, he also knew that Guo Rugui had close ties with the Communist Party, so he won him a place to study in Japan and wanted him to study in Japan.
At this time, Guo Rugui lost contact with his superiors, and Chiang Kai-shek forced them to fight the Red Army, not knowing what to do. His cousin Guo Rudong's approach made him feel that this was a good opportunity to escape the opportunity to fight the Red Army, and to learn some knowledge, which might be beneficial to the revolutionary work in the future. But guo Rujie recalled the experience in his later years and said: "Dang
When I still thought I had a plan, I didn't know that this became a turning point in my political life, and I took a detour for more than ten years.
”
In April 1931, Guo Entered the Japanese Non-Commissioned Officer School. In Japan, Chinese students such as Guo Rugui have been discriminated against, and many key military technologies are absolutely confidential to Chinese students. After the September 18 Incident, Chinese students in Japan asked to return to China, and Guo Rugui also dropped out of school and returned to China.
At that time, the Japanese Army Province was helpless and sent someone out to announce: "You can withdraw from school, but if you quit, you can no longer enroll." Guo Rugui and many other students shouted in unison:
"The slaves of the subjugated country will come back again!"
After returning to China, Guo Ruzhi entered the Chinese Army University to study. When Guo Rugui entered the school, the president was Yang Jie, who had been the chief of the general staff of the Kuomintang Army, Navy, and Air Force General Headquarters and was relatively open-minded; soon after, Chiang Kai-shek became the president of Lu University, and Yang Jie became the chief of education. After the Whampoa Military Academy, Guo Ruzhi once again became a protégé of Chiang Kai-shek's Tianzi.
Finally, he studied at the Army University for three years, graduated from the military academy with the first place, and after graduation, because he was unwilling to fight the civil war, Yang Jie was recommended by him to continue his studies at the Army University Research Institute.
Meritorious service in the War of Resistance
After the outbreak of the All-out War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Guo Rugui felt that the opportunity to serve the country and show what he had learned had finally arrived, so he operated a relationship, and on the recommendation of his classmates and teachers, he went to the 14th Division to which Chen Cheng belonged as chief of staff, and to chiang Kai-shek's "Lushan Officer Training Corps" where he had planned a war against Japan.
During the Battle of Songhu, Guo Rugui's 14th Division
Ordered to fight on the front line of the South and North Tangkou, the division had two brigades under its command, which was an elite unit of the Central Army, and the division commander graduated from the Whampoa Phase I
Lieutenant General Huo. After the battle began, the commander of the 42nd Brigade of the 14th Division was afraid of the Japanese army and blindly avoided the battle, and the division commander, Lieutenant General Huo Yuzhang, was very dissatisfied, worried that he would make a mistake, and sent Guo Rugui as the acting brigade commander of the 42nd Brigade.
Before Guo Rujie went to the battlefield, he wrote a suicide note to his family, and then led the officers and men of the whole brigade to hold their positions under the bombardment of more than a dozen Japanese fighters. Before the entire battle, Guo Rujie had been commanding troops on the front line to fight,
He led more than 8,000 officers and men of the whole brigade and the Japanese army to repeatedly charge and kill for seven days and seven nights, and finally more than 2,000 people were left.
Guo Rujie, who has always been regarded as a scholar by everyone, is famous in this battle. After the Battle of Songhu, Guo Rujie was promoted to chief of staff of the 54th Army.
If it was the Battle of Songhu, Guo Rugui only showed wit and bravery, and the Battle of Wuhan made everyone see Guo Rugui's excellent military plan. During the Battle of Wuhan, Chiang Kai-shek, Chen Cheng, and others had not yet attracted the Battle of Songhu, and the reason for the failure of the Nanjing Defense War was that they still rigidly concentrated their troops in the city and held it to the death.
After reading the battle plan, Guo Rugui believed that this could only follow in the footsteps of the defense of Nanjing and the Battle of Songhu, and he believed that the troops should fight on the periphery, use the mountainous areas to find opportunities to give the enemy a deep blow, and finally in the Jinniu area, if they could not break through the Japanese army, the defenders on the south bank of the Yangtze River should jump out of the circle and avoid annihilation, and the north bank of the Yangtze River could not repel the enemy on the Yellow Slope and retreat on their own. Both Chiang Kai-shek and Chen Cheng thought it was very reasonable, and redrew the battle plan, and in the subsequent battles, it did deal a heavy blow to the Japanese army, and the Japanese army only got an empty city, and did not inflict heavy damage on the main force of the Kuomintang army.
After the Battle of Wuhan, Guo Rugui was promoted to chief of staff of the 20th Group Army, and then served as the commander of the provisional Fifth Division, leading his troops to participate in the Third Battle of Changsha, and was commended by Xue Yue, commander of the theater, with a weak victory over the strong.
After the Battle of Changsha, Guo Ruzhi was appointed as the official
He was the captain of the Colonel Brigade of the Ninth Theater Officer Training Corps, and later the deputy captain of the Central Officers Training Corps. The head of this Central Officers' Training Corps was Chiang Kai-shek,
All the members of the officer training corps were Chiang Kai-shek's confidant generals, and Guo Rugui was able to serve as a deputy commander in it, which shows that he has gradually become a general that Chiang Kai-shek values.
In the Battle of Western Hubei in 1943, Yokoyama Yong used blitzkrieg to inflict a tragic cost of 12,000 casualties on the Chinese army in just seven days, and the 73rd Army of the Central Army was almost crippled, and the Changde Portal was opened. In order to defend Changde, Chiang Kai-shek asked Chen Cheng to draw up a battle plan for defending Changde, and Chen Cheng summoned four researchers from the Ministry of National Defense, including his confidant Guo Rugui, who at that time believed that the Japanese army had come to seize the granary of Changde, but only Guo Rugui believed that the Japanese army's move was to annihilate the main force of the Sixth Theater and analyzed in detail the possible combat plan of the Japanese army.
At that time, Chen Cheng did not dare to imagine that this was true, and after more than 20,000 people of the Japanese 13th Division had smuggled their way to the Yangtze River from the Gaps between the Jiangnan defenders, such as Zhijiang and Shashi, Chen Cheng reacted and couldn't help but clap the case:
This Guo dwarf, this has two brushes, the Japanese army's battle plan is guessed.
After that, Chen Cheng quickly changed the battle plan according to the countermeasures previously formulated by Guo Rujie, and finally ushered in the victory of the Battle of Western Hubei.
And Du Yuming's grudge
In fact, during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Guo Rujie had already become Chiang Kai-shek's confidant and a core member of the civil engineering department. But Guo Was not interested in this, and the longer he stayed within the Kuomintang, the more he resented the Corruption of the Kuomintang.
After the end of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Guo Rugui found Dong Biwu, the elder of the Communist Party of China, through some channels, and demanded that he be reinstated as a party member and go to Yan'an to work. However, Dong Biwu considered that his return to Yan'an would have little effect, so it was better to stay within the Kuomintang and asked to find an opportunity to break into the kuomintang's central organs and grasp the core secrets of the kuomintang army.
At the beginning of the Liberation War, Chen Cheng, chief of staff who held real power in the Ministry of National Defense, appointed Guo Rugui as the chief of the Fifth Department of the Ministry of National Defense, who controlled military affairs; soon Chen Cheng, because of his poor record, sponsored Guo Rugui to be the chief of the Third Department (that is, the War Department) of the Ministry of National Defense, who was in charge of operations, and was once sent to Xuzhou to serve as the chief of staff of the Army Headquarters, where Gu Zhutong was the commander-in-chief.
Guo Rugui passed on a lot of important information during the Liberation War, but the Kuomintang was not all stupid, and Du Yuming, who had been serving as a firefighting captain during the Liberation War, was aware of Guo Rugui's identity very early, but there was no evidence.
Du Yuming had certain talents within the Kuomintang army and was deeply respected by Chiang Kai-shek, but during the Liberation War, his actions were always known in advance by the Platon Army, and finally he suspected that there was an underground party at the top of the Kuomintang army, and soon suspected Guo Rugui, director of the Department of Operations of the Ministry of National Defense.
Before the Battle of Huaihai, Du Yuming had already received relevant information, suspecting that Guo Ruzhi was most likely a communist, but there was no conclusive evidence, so he did not dare to tell Chiang Kai-shek. Before the Battle of Huaihai, Du Yuming finally couldn't bear it, and told Gu Zhutong to beware of Guo Rujie, who was likely to be a communist.
Liu Fei, deputy chief of staff, was also fanning the flames, in fact, Liu Fei was also an underground party, but he and Guo Ruzhen did not know each other's identities, so they often quarreled
。 Gu Zhutong did not believe it, and told them that their colleagues should trust each other, especially in the present moment of great enemies, and not to be suspicious of each other.
Du Yuming looked after Zhu Tong and Thin Mud, and went to report to Chiang Kai-shek in a huff, and Chiang Kai-shek was very surprised and asked him what evidence he had, and Du Yuming said to Chiang Kai-shek:
You look at Guo Xiao Devil's like that, a meal is one or two dishes, wearing clothes back and forth so many sets, the home is clean and there is no decent furniture, the sofa is old and only two patches. It is cleaner than me, not at all like the party member style of our party (Kuomintang), what is not a conspiracy?
Chiang Kai-shek may have felt reasonable at first, but he was soon scolded by Du Yuming angrily, pointing at Du Yuming, Liu Fei and several other generals who came to complain.
He also said that Guo Rugui was an example for The Kuomintang party members, and that several of them should learn from Guo Rugui.
After this incident, Chiang Kai-shek looked at Guo Rujie more pleasantly, not only thinking that he was capable, but also thinking that he was clean and self-sufficient, and was an example for the kuomintang party members. Du Yuming was so angry that he had nothing to say, and his heart was very painful, but when fighting, he could not but act in accordance with the operational plan formulated by Guo Rujie, director of the Department of Operations of the Ministry of National Defense. Finally, at the Battle of Huaihai, Liu Bocheng, Su Yu, and others commanded the troops to surround and annihilate Du Yuming's three corps with the intelligence provided by Guo Rugui.
Throughout the Liberation War, Guo Rugui provided the underground party with all the battle plans of the Kuomintang, many of which were given in duplicate, one for Chiang Kai-shek and one for Chairman Mao. However, not everyone obeyed the plan of the Ministry of National Defense, and Lieutenant General Liu Yuzhang, commander of the Kuomintang 52nd Army who graduated from the Huangpu IV period, also felt strange, and later simply said to his subordinates: "
As long as we are opposed to the orders of the Ministry of Defense, then we will basically not lose!
Although Liu Yuzhang was reprimanded by Chiang Kai-shek many times for disobeying orders, because the Liaoshen Campaign and the Battle of Crossing the River had withdrawn his troops twice, Chiang Kai-shek did not think too much.
After the end of the three major battles, Guo Rugui's mentality really couldn't stand it, and if he continued to go undercover, he ran to Taiwan, so he asked his superiors not to continue to go undercover underground under any circumstances, and strongly demanded to return to the Liberated Areas. His superiors agreed to his request, but asked him to go to the Great Southwest to take control of a force and revolt as the People's Liberation Army marched into the southwest.
Guo Ruzhi approached Gu Zhutong and asked him to be the commander of the army, and Chiang Kai-shek agreed, appointing him as the commander of the 72nd Army. The 72nd Army was a unit of the Central Army, which was completely annihilated by the People's Liberation Army during the Battle of Huaihai, and Chiang Kai-shek asked Guo Ruzhi to rebuild this unit and immediately march to Sichuan.
Guo Rugui did not expect such a smooth situation, so he immediately began to recruit troops and horses, and also used various connections to ask the Ministry of National Defense and the joint logistics headquarters for enough guns and vehicles to equip an army, and then immediately rushed to Sichuan. Guo also appointed his trusted division commander, the regimental commander, who had three divisions under his command and was one of the four mobile armies of the Kuomintang army in Sichuan at that time.
When the People's Liberation Army entered western Hunan Province, Chiang Kai-shek also promoted Guo Rugui and appointed him commander of the Twenty-second Corps of the Kuomintang Army, directly commanding the Twenty-first Army, the Forty-fourth Army, the Seventy-second Army, and three independent divisions as an outpost to prevent the People's Liberation Army from entering Sichuan. The officers of the 72nd Army were all his own people arranged by Guo Rugui, so when the People's Liberation Army entered Sichuan, Guo Rugui quickly eliminated the agents and reactionaries of the 72nd Army, led the 72nd Army in the Yibin area, and the headquarters of the 22nd Corps of the Kuomintang Army was also destroyed, and the surrender of all units was disbanded and disbanded.
After Guo Rugui led the uprising, due to special reasons, his superiors did not recognize his underground party status for a long time, only recognized that he was a general of the Kuomintang army uprising, and Guo Rugui also knew the intentions of his superiors and did not say anything anymore. But there is one person who has been chasing after him, that is, Du Yuming, who was the most miserable by Guo Rujing.
After the Battle of Huaihai, Du Yuming was imprisoned in Gongdelin, and in 1959, Du Yuming became one of the first Kuomintang war criminals to be pardoned, and he repeatedly approached Guo Rugui and asked him whether he was a communist, but Guo Rugui did not give an accurate answer. In May 1981, before Du Yuming died, Guo Rujing went to visit him, and Du Yuming was very excited, grabbed Guo Rujing's hand and did not let go, saying:"
I ask you one last time if you were a Communist Party at the time
？ Guo Ruzhen said to him intermittently:
Brother Guangting, we just have different political views. ”
After Guo Rugui retired, he returned to his hometown in Sichuan to live, when he enjoyed the treatment of deputy corps level, and the Chengdu Military Region wanted him to move into a villa building according to the deputy corps level, but he only lived in a house of only 70 square meters.
In 1997, Guo Rujie died in Chongqing, completing his legendary life at the age of 90.
); }
Archives of the Frontal Battlefield of the War of Resistance Against Japan
￥49
purchase