In June 1948, Du Yuming was appointed deputy commander-in-chief of the Kuomintang Xuzhou "Suppression General" and commander of the 2nd Corps, in October, our Northeast Field Army launched the Liaoshen Campaign to break through Jinzhou, on November 2, Shenyang fell, Du Yuming led the remnants of the army to evacuate by boat from Huludao.
On November 6, our two major field armies in East China and central China launched the Huaihai Campaign. On November 10, Du Yuming was ordered by Chiang Kai-shek to fly overnight to the Xuzhou battlefield, and in December, the Huaihai Campaign entered its final stage. At this time, the East China Field Army had surrounded the three corps of Du Yuming's group in a narrow area centered on Qinglongji, Chen Guanzhuang, and Li Shilin.
In the early morning of January 10, 1949, Du Yuming escaped in Zhanglaozhuang Village, Qinglongji, Xiao County, Anhui Province (箫吹明月) checked the current information, there is a village called
Zhang luzhuang village
Captured by PLA fighters.
Two days ago, the general who commanded hundreds of thousands of troops was about to become a prisoner of the order in the blink of an eye. In desperation, Du Yuming quickly drew his pistol and aimed it at his head. The adjutant Yin Dongsheng was quick in his eyes and grabbed the gun and handed it to the People's Liberation Army.
After being captured, Du Yuming knew that as the 36th of the "43 first-class war criminals of the Kuomintang", the Communist Party and the people would not let him go, and he participated in two wars in only the three major battles of the Liberation War, and each time he was stubbornly resisting on the battlefield as a commander, especially before being captured, he actually used poison gas, and the sin was even more serious.
However, what Du Yuming never expected was that from the day he was captured, he received preferential treatment from the People's Liberation Army like other captured Kuomintang officers and soldiers.
When he was captured, Du Yuming suffered from 4 diseases, but he did not mention it to anyone. Since suicide is not successful, then die of illness and commit a chronic suicide.
Objectively speaking, the two armies were at war, each with its own master, and Du Yuming followed Chiang Kai-shek for many years, and his reactionary thinking was deeply rooted, and in his own words, he was a "stubborn stone", and he died "Ming Zhi" and in his view "died as he deserved".
However, the Communist Party and Chairman Mao were lenient and hoped that through management and reform, the thinking of Kuomintang war criminals, including Du Yuming, would be changed so that they would stand on the side of the people, give play to their talents, and make contributions to the people.
The Communist Party and Chairman Mao have the whole world in mind and seek happiness for the Chinese nation!
So, how to transform a "stubborn stone" like Du Yuming?
Shibuki Mingyue noticed that some materials summarized four methods: study, labor, writing ideological reports, and visits.
These four methods are of course very important, but according to the transformation process of Xiao Chui Mingyue to Du Yuming, there is still one method that has not been summarized, that is, "care", care for life and the body.
People are emotional animals, and on top of the first four methods, coupled with "care", can move people's hearts.
After arriving at the Gongdelin War Criminals Management Center, during a bath, The chief of the management center, Li Ke, saw that Du Yuming's legs were red and swollen, and asked what was going on, but Du Yuming did not say a word. Chief Lee ordered him to stand up with his legs together and found that his hips were large and small.
In the movie "Amnesty 1959", the plot of Du Yuming's illness is found to be a routine examination of Du Yuming's body, but Xiao Fu Mingyue prefers the plot described in this article.
The next day, Du was admitted to Fuxing Hospital, and the diagnosis was bone tuberculosis. At first, the management office did not tell him what was wrong, but simply put a plaster cast on his bed and told him to lie down and persist for several years. Since then, the administrator has sent him fresh milk every day, and doctors and nurses often come to see him and send medicines and injections. He has stomach ulcers. Can't eat hard, the cook will give him soft; Can not eat cold. The cooker gave him a hot one.
When Shen Drunk, the former major general of the Yunnan Station of the Secret Bureau of the Kuomintang Ministry of National Defense, came to Gongdelin, Du Yuming had been lying on the plaster mold for nearly 3 years.
For 3 years, without studying or visiting, Du Yuming can also feel the warmth and coldness of the world from the care of his life and the treatment of diseases in the management office.
However, the drunkenness came later. Not knowing the situation in Gong de Lin, coupled with the fact that he has always been hostile to the Communist Party,
Therefore, when I first saw Du Yuming, I thought that the plaster mold was a torture device used to torture Du Yuming. The first time they met, he didn't ask anything, just silently shook Du Yuming's hand and left.
In hindsight, this was a bit funny, but at the time, in Shen's opinion, it was a meeting of tribulations.
This matter always hung on Shen's drunken heart, and later he couldn't help but ask.
Shen Drunk asked Du Yuming specifically, Xiao Chui Mingyue did not know, it is estimated that it is with the heart of a villain to live in the belly of a gentleman, asking the Communist Party what kind of torture equipment this is for you, and what kind of physical and mental sins you have suffered.
Du Yuming laughed and explained that this was a plaster mold specially customized by the management office for the treatment of spinal disease, which was used to correct spinal deformation.
Shen drunkenly listened, a look of confusion.
In Shen Drunk's view, for first-class war criminals, it is difficult for the Communist Party to understand its hatred if they do not die, how can they treat you? If you don't "cause illness", you will burn high incense.
At this time, Shen Drunk was also a "stubborn stone" of the Kuomintang, and he used the means used by Kuomintang agents to deal with the Communist Party to speculate on the transformation of Kuomintang war criminals.
Later, Like Du Yuming, Shen Was Reformed, Pardoned, Given a New Life, and Did Work for the People.
Du Yuming also suffered from severe kidney disease. At first he suspected that it was just general nephritis, but then it became more and more difficult to urinate, and the hospitalization was diagnosed with kidney tuberculosis, which required surgery. After knowing the situation, Du Yuming was a little pessimistic, believing that even if he was cured, he would be crippled in the future. After many times of work in the management office, Du Yuming's mood finally calmed down, agreed to treat with spinal tuberculosis, underwent surgery to remove a kidney, and recovered his health.
Du Yuming and Fan Hanjie and others are suffering from severe tuberculosis. There is a great need for streptomycin. However, at that time, China itself could not produce this drug. In order to cure their diseases, the government sent people to Hong Kong and Macao to purchase medicines. Later, years of chronic diseases were cured.
This made Du Yuming very grateful and emotional.
Such "care", "stubborn stone" is also moving.
In the past, there was money and status on the side of the Kuomintang, but the disease was not cured. Now although a criminal. However, the people's government tried by all means to cure all kinds of diseases that he had not cured for many years. So he wrote this passage:
Under the party's educational care, I was cured of my heart disease, the disease of thought, and I was cured of my physical disease, tuberculosis. What a regeneration of grace! Thinking of this, I feel that Chiang Kai-shek is not only the public enemy of the people, but also the enemy who harmed me, hating him to the bone marrow, Chairman Mao and the Communist Party are the benefactors who saved me. From this, we profoundly realize the great significance of the Communist Party in transforming mankind, transforming the world and proletarian humanism.
Xiao Fu Mingyue noticed that relevant information showed that Du Yuming's body had been seriously ill since 1947. In 1947, when Du Yuming's eldest daughter Du Zhili went to the United States to study, Du Yuming wanted to take the opportunity to go to the United States with his daughter and take care of her while treating her illness. However, Du Yuming's idea was eventually rejected by Chiang Kai-shek. In order to prevent Du Yuming from coming to the United States, Chiang Kai-shek even revoked Du Yuming's passport.
When the Battle of Huaihai broke out, Du Yuming's legs could hardly walk, and he usually traveled on crutches. Even so, Du Yuming was still forced to go to the battlefield by Chiang Kai-shek.
Therefore, Du Yuming said that Chiang Kai-shek "is an enemy who harms me and hates him to the bone marrow."
There is a saying that "the divine horse (everything) is a floating cloud, only the body is its own", although this sentence has an "egoistic" component, but there is also a certain truth, after all, the board hits who knows the pain, and who knows the pain, who is sick in who knows the discomfort. As far as Du Yuming was concerned, chiang kai-shek did not allow him to be treated; as a prisoner of war, the Communists treated him, and there was a clear distinction between who was the benefactor and who was the enemy.
There is also a saying that two things are the most difficult in the world: one is to put one's own thoughts into other people's heads, and the other is to put other people's money into one's own pocket. Later, someone added a sentence to this sentence: the former succeeded in calling the teacher, and the latter successfully called the boss.
Now, after the transformation of the management office, Du Yuming's thinking has changed, and it can be said that the Gongdelin War Criminals Management Institute has done the most difficult thing in the world.
It is said that after Du Yuming was later pardoned, many people did not believe that he was reformed, such as Lord Mountbatten in Britain, who knew Du Yuming better in the past and knew that Du Yuming was Chiang Kai-shek's favorite general, and now he has been transformed at once. Mountbatten did not believe it, and had to meet Du Yuming and see for himself. When he saw Du Yuming himself, Mountbatten had to obey.
At the beginning of 1956, important war criminals from all over the country gathered at the Gongdelin War Criminals Management Center in Beijing to study and reform. To this end, the management office set up a special library, and Du Yuming was very happy and successively borrowed the works of Lenin, Stalin, Chairman Mao and other philosophical books.
Through study, discussion, and education, Du Yuming's "stubborn stone" finally understood many truths that he did not understand and was unwilling to accept before.
Positive changes in thinking and positive actions in action.
In the process of labor reform, Du Yuming took the initiative to sign up as the leader of the sewing team. The sewing machine failed, and du Yuming came out to repair it. In his spare time, he also makes the corner scrap cut from sewing into a mop. For finely minced small strips of cloth, roll into a rope. Racks used to bundle grapes and tomatoes.
Once the "stubborn stone" is transformed, the transformation is more profound.
On December 4, 1959, Du Yuming was released with amnesty and became a citizen of the People's Republic of China because of his active reform and ideological change to the side of the people.
Speaking on behalf of the first batch of amnesty war criminals, he burst into tears:
I am infinitely grateful to the Party and Chairman Mao for granting amnesty to me, a first-class war criminal who has committed the most heinous crimes. In my lifetime, I will continue to study Marxism-Leninism and Chairman Mao's thought, make myself a new person, always follow the Communist Party and Chairman Mao on the socialist road, and never turn back to life and death no matter how obstacles I suffer from storms and rains.
After Du Washu was pardoned, the Communist Party and the people's government gave him high political treatment.
On December 13, Du Yuming and several other war criminals who were released in the first place were received by Premier Zhou. Du Yuming said to Premier Zhou with guilt: "The students are sorry for the teacher, they did not follow the teacher to do the revolution, and went to the road of counter-revolution." There is really a negative teacher's teaching, sorry teacher. ”
In October 1963, Du Yuming's wife, Cao Xiuqing, flew from the United States over thousands of mountains and rivers to return to the motherland. Upon hearing the news, Zhou Enlai was very pleased and met with Vice Premier Chen Yi at the Fujian Hall of the Great Hall of the People with Du Yuming, Puyi, and other cultural and historical commissioners and their wives.
In November 1964, Du Yuming was invited to attend the Fourth National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and was elected as a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.
In the past, he became a war criminal who was an enemy of the people, but now he has regained a new life through education and reform, and he has participated in the administration and discussion of state affairs to make contributions to the people.
In the early 1970s, with Nixon's visit to China, Sino-US relations improved greatly, and people-to-people exchanges between the two countries increased. Dr. Yang Zhenning, Du Yuming's son-in-law and Nobel Laureate in Physics, returned to the motherland with his wife Du Zhili twice in 1971 and 1972 to visit relatives and give lectures, and was warmly welcomed and warmly received by the people's government.
Premier Zhou, who was in charge of everything, took time out to receive Yang Zhenning and his wife, and invited Du Yuming and his wife to accompany him every time.
In the summer of 1973, when Dr. Yang Zhenning and his wife returned to China for the third time, Chairman Mao personally received him. Dr. Yang Zhenning conveyed the greetings of the whole family to Chairman Mao, and Chairman Mao said to Yang Zhenning: Ask your father-in-law on your behalf. And took a group photo with Yang Zhenning. Since then, large photographs of Yang Zhenning and Chairman Mao have been hanging in the living room of Du Yuming's house.
The concern of the party and state leaders was remembered by Du Yuming.
Zhou Enlai
In 1978, Du Yuming was elected as a deputy to the Fifth People's Congress and a member of the Standing Committee of the Fifth CppcC National Committee.
Du Yuming worked hard under the leadership of the party and made contributions to the people. He took advantage of his past special relations with the kuomintang figures in power in Taiwan to extensively contact old relatives and friends at home and abroad, and campaigned for peaceful reunification on both sides of the taiwan strait.
In fact, since 1960, Du Yuming has done a lot of work for the Broadcasting of the Central People's Radio. Almost every year, he wrote articles, recorded and broadcast broadcasts, and in the form of laying out facts and explaining reasoning, he advised Taiwan teachers and friends to take the road of peaceful reunification and strive to be heroes of the reunification of the Chinese nation instead of being sinners who split the country and the nation.
At 7:27 p.m. on May 7, 1983, Du Yuming died in Beijing at the age of 77 due to kidney failure and other chronic diseases.
To his death, Du Yuming never forgot the great cause of the reunification of the motherland. The last words he left in his will were:
Critically ill and contemplative, the most caring person has only one word: I hope that the relatives, friends, and compatriots of our classmates in Taiwan will attach importance to the great righteousness of the nation. We will promote peaceful reunification at an early date, and jointly build our ancient civilization into a modern power for the benefit of future generations.
Today, some people in the Taiwan authorities are obsessed with becoming a new "stubborn stone," and these people should gain reflection from Du Yuming's transformation, just as Du Yuming exhorted: Strive to be heroes of the reunification of the Chinese nation, not sinners who split the country and the nation.
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