In the early revolutions, many revolutionaries died under the butcher's knife of the Kuomintang, and Qu Qiubai was one of them.
He was the founder of the revolutionary literary cause, founded the revolutionary periodicals "Forward" and "Guide", also served as a member of the Standing Committee of the Central Bureau of our Party and a member of the Politburo of the Central Committee, and once served as Minister of Education and a member of the Executive Committee of the Chinese Soviet Republic.
After the April 12 coup, he has always been a thorn in the eye of the Kuomintang and a thorn in the flesh.
(1) Hardships and hardships
In October 1934, the main force of the Red Army decided to carry out a large-scale strategic campaign, and Qu Qiubai resolutely demanded that he join the army and embark on the long march.
However, his health has not been good, tuberculosis is very serious, always can not say a few words, coughing badly, as if to cough out the lungs.
How can such a physical condition adapt to the long march of boats and cars and the hardships along the way?
In the end, under the persuasion of everyone, Qu Qiubai stayed in Ruijin and led the revolutionary armed forces to continue the struggle.
Although he did not participate in the Long March, tuberculosis was getting worse and worse, and if he did not treat it in time, I was afraid that his life would not be long.
After inquiring from many sources, Qu Qiubai decided to go to Shanghai to treat the stubborn disease.
If you go directly from the northwest of the river, this road is full of obstacles, and I am afraid that I have already been arrested before I can wait for Shanghai.
After many considerations, the organization formulated a set of meticulous medical routes for Qu Qiubai, from Jiangxi to Fujian, where the Kuomintang was relatively weak, and then transferred to Hong Kong, and then took a ferry from Hong Kong all the way to Shanghai.
When I arrived in Fujian, I could also guide the local revolutionary work.
Therefore, Qu Qiubai assumed the name
Lin Qixiang traveled all the way to Changting, Fujian.
He knew that the Kuomintang agents had a very keen sense of smell, so they acted cautiously and carefully everywhere.
Qu Qiubai would not have imagined no matter what, he would have been captured by the enemy on his way.
Qu Qiubai and his party walked to the town of Shuikou in Changting, where he was captured by the Kuomintang Zhong Shaokui.
The enemy has been torturing Qu Qiubai's true identity, and he insists that he is just an ordinary barefoot doctor.
In any case, the soldiers at the bottom of the Kuomintang had never seen his picture, and as long as they delayed for a few days, they might wait for his release.
In the days of waiting, bad news came. One day, Wu Songtao of the Kuomintang personally brought someone to interrogate Qu Qiubai in prison.
He asked in a loud voice:
"Say, what's your name?"
Qu Qiubai replied emphatically:
"Lin Qixiang".
Wu Songtao said fiercely:
"Well, I see you don't see the coffin without shedding tears."
At the end of the speech, a middle-aged man with a hunched figure was brought to The front of Qu Qiubai.
When Qu Qiubai looked at it, his heart was half cold.
It turned out that this person was the receiver Zheng Dapeng, who knew Qu Qiubai's true identity.
Seeing Only Zheng Dapeng, he humbly nodded at Wu Songtao.
Apparently, Qu Qiubai was betrayed by traitors. However, it was not Zheng Dapeng who really betrayed him.
Wan Yongcheng, who was the secretary of the Fujian Provincial Party Committee at the time, was arrested by the Kuomintang Eighth Division.
Under torture, she revealed the fact that Qu Qiubai had been arrested in Changting.
As soon as this matter was reported, the Kuomintang side attached great importance to it. Immediately, a telegram was sent to Song Xilian, commander of the 36th Division, saying:
"The leader of the Communist Party, Qu Qiubai, is now in your department, and you must strictly investigate."
(2) It is better to be crushed by jade than to be complete
So, as one of the early leaders of our party, what was Qu Qiubai's mental journey in the last days?
You may wish to find that history through Song Xilian's memories.
In fact, Song Xilian was also a member of the Communist Party in his early years, and his introducer to the party was General Chen Geng.
However, after the Zhongshan incident, he chose to quit the party.
Later, during the Liberation War, Song Xilian was captured by our army again, and was not allowed to pardon until 1959.
As the commander of the 36th Division, Song Xilian witnessed qu Qiubai's entire process from interrogation to his murder.
In his later years, he often lamented:
"Killing Qu Qiubai is the most regrettable thing in my life."
Song Xilian recalled that after Qu Qiubai's identity was discovered, he did not embarrass him too much, and specially arranged a single room for Qu Qiubai, and three meals a day were carefully arranged.
In this way, perhaps Qu Qiubai can be moved and say more information.
However, Song Xilian's wishful thinking was empty.
During the interrogation, Qu Qiubai did not say a word about the organization.
After the daily interrogation, both the prison guards and the officers rushed to Qu Qiubai for words.
Qu Qiubai did not refuse to come, even if he was very tired, he also met their requirements.
The Kuomintang Central Committee would call every few days to inquire about the interrogation, and attached great importance to Qu Qiubai.
Song Xilian could only answer truthfully, and the Nanjing side was anxious and directly asked people to go to Changting for interrogation.
Song Xilian could not help but start to worry that if Qu Qiubai was still silent, he would probably be taken directly to Nanjing for a "trial."
At that time, it is likely that they will be tortured, or even directly executed.
Song Xilian's worries did not happen, but things went in another bad direction.
A few days later, Jiang Dingwen called Song Xilian and relayed:
"The chairman of the committee ordered qu Qiubai to be shot on the spot and photographed and examined."
Immediately afterward, the Kuomintang's mouthpiece media began to publicize the news of Qu Qiubai's "arrest."
Chiang Kai-shek seemed to want to expand this matter, so that Song Xilian did not have any room to protect Qu Qiubai.
The military order was difficult to violate, so Song Xilian immediately held a meeting and found ten people in the group of chief of staff, chief of military justice, and military doctors.
Song Xilian said in a straight voice:
“
Shangfeng's decision, after careful consideration, I should not wait for a difference. The struggle against the Communist Party has reached the most crucial moment. Our vocation as soldiers is to obey orders unconditionally.
First of all, in accordance with the supreme instructions of the chairman of the committee, I decided to convey the order to Qu Qiubai of the execution at noon the next day; and I also informed him to carry out the execution at noon the following day, and at the same time asked about his relics and last words.
The chief of staff is responsible for the vigilance task of the command headquarters, and from now until the 19th, no one is allowed to enter and exit at will, let alone talk freely in the compound. In order to prevent Qu Qiubai from having an accident, Dr. Chen Jun decided whether to accompany him according to his personal wishes.
Secondly, before the execution of the shooting, a send-off banquet should be arranged, and the wine and meat dishes should be readily available. After the meal, send people to Luohan Ridge. After the execution, the Chief of Law and the Chief of Political Training signed, took a photo, presented it to Shangfeng, and then put it in a coffin and buried it on the spot
。 ”
(3) Swinging qi and intestines, flowing through the ages
Everyone knows that Qu Qiubai is a human being, and they also admire him, so no one has ever been embarrassed for him.
After receiving the exact news, Chen Junyi and the chief of staff decided to directly disclose the orders of their superiors to Qu Qiubai.
They took good wine and good food at noon the next day and went to visit the cell.
Everyone was like an old friend, and Qu Qiubai warmly beckoned the two to sit down.
After the three of them filled up the wine, Dr. Chen Jun drank it all. Qu Qiubai also drank and said with a smile:
"Good wine!"
After three rounds of wine and five flavors of food, the chief of staff began to talk about the purpose of the trip.
He was sitting precariously and said:
"Mr. Qu, I'm afraid we're going to send you on your way." Now I have received orders from Nanjing to shoot you directly. ”
Qu Qiubai took a small sip slowly and said unhurriedly:
"Well, this is in line with Chiang Kai-shek's personality." I've said to both of you more than once that I never had any intention of getting out alive. In this way, it is also a fulfillment for me. I've been waiting for this day. ”
Say it and drink it all.
After Qu Qiubai filled up, he raised his wine glass and said to the two people:
"Thank you both for your care, and thank you for coming and giving me my last ride."
As soon as I finished speaking, a glass of wine went down again. Dr. Chen Jun and chief of staff looked at each other, and neither of them responded.
Dr. Chen Jun took the lead in breaking the silence:
"Mr. Qu, I don't know if there are still things that I can't rest assured of, so you can entrust them to me and the chief of staff."
Qu Qiubai pondered for a moment, and he told Dr. Chen Jun that he hoped to bring the "Superfluous Words" to his close friend and publish it in the newspaper.
This small matter was not a problem for Dr. Chen Jun, and he quickly nodded his head in response.
Of course, he also knew that Song Xilian would not refuse.
The chief of staff asked Qu Qiubai if he had anything else to explain, and Qu Qiubai said that he had no worries.
The moon stars were rare, Qu Qiubai slept exceptionally calmly, but the Chen military doctor next to him lit a cigarette one after another and did not sleep all night.
He very much hoped that Qu Qiubai could make a big fuss, so that he could also alleviate the guilt in his heart.
In the middle of tossing and turning, the sky suddenly appeared, and it was another sunny day.
Qu Qiubai got up early, sorted out his clothes, and wrote with a pen: Fang Bi's order has been issued, and he can even read it.
Autumn white half has a sentence:
"When the smoke under my eyes is over, I am in the right place."
This is not a word, but a word in prison, and a white pen.
Song Xilian stood on the second floor, looking at Qu Qiubai, who was striding towards death with his head held high, and felt a thousand emotions.
He really wanted to make the last trip, but he really didn't have the courage.
Qu Qiubai sang the "Internationale" in a high-pitched voice, without any fear.
People along the street stopped to pay their respects to the hero.
In the reluctance of everyone, Qu Qiubai came all the way to Zhongshan Park.
According to the regulations, a photograph of him will be taken here. Only to see Qu Qiubai spread his legs apart, his face full of bright smiles, as if he was not going to be executed, but relieved.
In the original words of Song Xilian:
"Qu Qiubai has left the world with the last style of a revolutionary."
Qu Qiubai, who was drinking heavily, looked at the silver spear with thorns and sang the military song of the Red Army, and he wanted to dedicate the last song to the revolutionary cause he loved at the last moment of his life.
From time to time, Qu Qiubai raised his arms and shouted:
"Long live the Chinese Communist Party!" "Long live the victory of the Chinese revolution!" "Long live communism!"
At the foot of luohan ridge, the place of execution, Qu Qiubai found a green meadow, went straight over, and sat on the ground. He said:
"Don't send it, just here!"
Two gunshots rang out, and Qu Qiubai fell to the ground in response.