Diabetics have these symptoms in the eyes, beware of impaired vision, not paying attention to or causing blindness!

Diabetic people if the control of blood sugar is not good, it will cause a series of complications, one of which is retinopathy, serious may cause blindness, vision is a must-see part of the examination of diabetic eye disease, although the quality of vision can not fully explain the degree of damage to the eyes of diabetes, but it can intuitively reflect the control of blood sugar in diabetics.

Attention A diabetic patient in his 30s this year, diagnosed for 3 years, has been taking hypoglycemic drugs, but usually basically does not measure blood sugar, and recently found that looking at things is becoming more and more blurred. After a series of examinations at the hospital, she learned that she had diabetic retinopathy (hereinafter referred to as sugar mesh), and the director of ophthalmology told her that she needed to undergo retinal laser photocoagulation treatment as soon as possible. She then underwent a blood glucose test, which showed a postprandial blood glucose of 15.2 mmol/L, and the physician first adjusted her hypoglycemic drugs and then underwent surgery. It is a complication caused by the patient's failure to pay attention to glycemic control.

First, diabetic people have impaired vision, what are the symptoms?

1. Floaters

Floaters refer to small black shadows floating in front of the eyes, or dot-shaped, flaky, cord-like floating objects, like mosquitoes and flies, which are more obvious when looking at a bright white background, and sometimes accompanied by a sense of flash. Some also call it "fly disease.". Epidemiology shows that floaters are a common ophthalmic symptom. Therefore, diabetics who have black shadows in front of their eyes and affect their vision must seek medical consultation in time. To prevent the development of the disease leading to retinal tears, retinal tears, acute uveitis and other emergencies.

2. Visual field defect

Visual field defect refers to damage to the visual field range. The field of vision is the eye does not move, look forward a little, can see the spatial range, of which, the most significant feature of the visual field defect of glaucoma is the tubular visual field, the emergence of tubular vision has indicated that glaucoma is very serious, and the visual field defect of glaucoma is irreversible. Diabetics can also cause glaucoma, etc., and should pay attention to prevention

3. Abnormal color vision

Abnormal color vision refers to the lack or inability of the organs of vision to perceive color vision. Clinically, there are two kinds of color weakness and color blindness. Color blindness refers to the disappearance of color discrimination; color weakness refers to the reduction of color recognition ability, and diabetics are mainly blue-yellow disorders in retinopathy. Optic neuropathy is dominated by red and green disorders.

2. Epidemiology of diabetic retinopathy

1. The course of diabetes mellitus in 10 years will cause changes in the fundus glycus network for 1 star or ~80% of patients with 2 stars

2. European and American sugar nets account for 15-17% of blind eye diseases

3. Yau et al. statistical results of 22896 patients show that the incidence of sugar net is about 35%; The incidence of PDR-proliferative glycotic reticulum and DMO--macular edema is about 7%.

4. DMO is more serious than PDR damage to vision, and there is a lack of effective treatment

3. Examination of diabetic retinopathy

1. Vision

Vision is a must-see part of the examination of diabetic eye disease, although the quality of vision can not fully explain the degree of damage to the eyes by diabetes, but it can intuitively reflect the control of blood sugar in diabetics.

2. Slit lamp microscope

With the prolongation of the course of diabetic eye disease and poor blood glucose control, there are often some subtle changes in the eye, such as the early stage of diabetic cataracts and the early stage of iris erythema, and these subtle changes need to be examined with a slit lamp microscopy.

3. Fundus fluorescence angiography

The method is to inject a fluorescent substance into the venous blood vessel of the subject, circulate it to the fundus blood vessel, and observe the dynamic process of fundus circulation through the fundus camera. It is mainly suitable for the diagnosis of retinal vascular diseases, macular degeneration, optic neuropathy, etc. and preoperative evaluation.

4. Electrophysiological examination

Such as VEP, ERG examination, can provide some physiological conditions of the optic nerve, retina, and provide valuable information for the operation of diabetic cataracts.

5. B ultrasound inspection

Ultrasound B is particularly useful for opacity of the anterior segment when the fundus is not clear, it can diagnose whether the vitreous body is clouded or hematous, there are inorganic cords and retinal detachment, which are commonly used methods of diabetic eye disease.

4. How to prevent retinopathy from diabetes?

1, must strictly control blood sugar, not only to meet the standard but also to be stable. The importance of controlling blood sugar, I think there is no need to emphasize it again, because it is the root cause of retinopathy, so strict blood sugar control is the fundamental measure to prevent and treat diabetic eye disease.

To what extent should blood sugar be controlled? Simply put, the fasting blood glucose is not higher than 7mmol/L, the postprandial is not higher than 10mmol/L, the glycation is controlled below 6%, and the pre-meal and postprandial blood glucose fluctuations of the same meal do not exceed 3.3mmol/L, and so on.

2, blood pressure should be controlled below 140/90mmHg.

3, early and regular fundus examination, especially young sugar friends and sugar friends with a sugar age of more than 5 years, because only early examination, you can detect early, early intervention, but also to prevent the delay of the disease. Diabetics who are 10 to 30 years old should go to the hospital ophthalmology department for a comprehensive examination in the fifth year after diagnosis of diabetes; if they are older than 30 years old, they should start to go to the hospital ophthalmology department for a comprehensive examination when they are diagnosed. Fundus should be checked at least once a year.

4. Sugar friends of childbearing age should go to the hospital to check the fundus within 12 months before planning to become pregnant, and after pregnancy, they should be examined again during the first trimester of pregnancy, and then regularly reviewed later. Gestational diabetics should have fundus checks once every 3 months.

5. You can usually take propolis, lutein, etc. to supplement the nutrition of the eyes, protect the microvascular, and improve microcirculation.

6. Quit smoking and alcohol, pay attention to eye hygiene. For example, avoid staying up late; wear sunglasses when the sun is strong; do not read books and look at mobile phones in dim light; continuously watch mobile phones, TELEVISION, computers and other electronic products for no more than 1 hour. This can effectively protect the eyes, protect vision, and delay the lesions of the fundus.

7. Unexplained eye symptoms, such as blurred vision, black shadows in front of the eyes, visual deformation, eye swelling and pain and other eye discomfort, as well as vision loss after wearing glasses, should go to the hospital ophthalmology department in time, check clearly, do not delay, so as not to delay the disease, miss the best treatment and reversal time, thus causing serious consequences.

Diabetic retinopathy, focusing on early prevention

Diabetic retinopathy is asymptomatic in the early stages and is easily overlooked by patients. Therefore, regular eye examinations are an effective means for diabetic patients to detect diabetic retinopathy early. A significant proportion of people with diabetes know the need for regular eye exams, but do not know how often they need to have eye exams every other day. Therefore, first of all, we must strengthen patient health education, so that patients can clarify the significance of timely follow-up and screening, and strengthen the awareness of checking the fundus on time. It is recommended that fundus screening be started after 5 years in patients with diagnosed L-type diabetes. Guidelines recommend screening every 1 to 2 years for patients without DR in type 2 diabetes; annual screening for mild patients, every 3 to 6 months for moderate patients, and every 3 months for severe patients.