The three words "diabetes" should be heard by everyone in daily life, and its most typical symptom is that the blood sugar exceeds the standard!
The reason for this is that people suffering from diabetes have impaired islet function, or the cells are not sensitive enough to insulin, insulin can not play a function in the body, glucose metabolism is gradually disordered, and then develop into hyperglycemia.
Because of this, many people have equated high blood sugar and diabetes with absolute equality, believing that excessive blood sugar is diabetes.
But in fact, hyperglycemia refers to the concentration of glucose in the blood exceeding the normal standard, and the diagnosis of diabetes is indeed that the blood glucose exceeds the standard, but there are certain standards for the diagnosis of diabetes.
In general, blood glucose in adults exceeds 5.6-7 mmol/L (100-126 mg/dL), which is a mild increase in blood sugar. Only an fasting glycemic index, or a glucose tolerance test, or a blood glucose of more than 11.1 millimoles per liter two hours after a meal, can be diagnosed with diabetes.
In the most popular words, the condition that diabetes cannot be lacking is that blood sugar exceeds the standard, but high blood sugar is not equal to diabetes.
The occurrence of hyperglycemia can be divided into two situations, the first is that the persistent blood glucose exceeds the standard, but does not meet the diagnostic criteria for diabetes, which is often a manifestation of impaired glucose tolerance, and clinically regards it as a pre-diabetic stage.
In the second case, there is a transient, one-time increase in blood sugar, which is often related to the following four factors:
1. Acute phase reaction
The so-called acute phase reaction, that is, the body itself has been damaged, such as infection, body burns, or just after major surgery, physical trauma, etc., these stressors may induce the body to produce a rapid response.
For example, the common body temperature increase is one of them, in addition, patients may also have multiple symptoms such as increased blood sugar, increased catabolism, negative nitrogen balance, etc., which is called an acute phase reaction in the clinic, which is not equal to diabetes;
2. Emotional agitation
Relevant surveys have shown that people's emotions can affect the central system, endocrine system, nervous system and other aspects. When a person is extremely nervous, fearful or depressed, it indirectly inhibits the secretion and release of insulin.
At the same time, the body's growth hormone, norepinephrine, epinephrine, corticosteroids, glucamin and other glycotropin hormones will also be secreted in large quantities, which usually antagonize insulin, resulting in increased blood sugar;
3. Stay up late for a long time
Relevant data surveys show that if an adult sleeps less than 6 hours a day, the risk of diabetes in the future will increase by nearly 2 times compared with the population who sleep normally.
The reason for this is that in the state of insomnia and staying up late, norepinephrine secretion will increase in large doses, while the hypothalamic sympathetic nerve is in a state of high excitement, which promotes the secretion of catecholamines to increase.
The large secretion of catecholamines will inhibit the secretion of insulin, resulting in transient fluctuations in blood sugar;
4, diet do not ignore
Before the blood glucose index has been normal, occasionally blood glucose test, found that the blood glucose index exceeded the standard, the first thing to consider from the diet.
For example, a large amount of carb food, high-fat food, or eating a lot of sweets at one time, may cause a temporary increase in blood sugar, with the operation of the body's digestive and absorption system, blood sugar levels will gradually return to normal, do not need to worry too much, but also learn to control the mouth, otherwise diabetes may come to greet at any time.
All in all, an occasional increase in blood sugar is likely to be affected by the above factors.
If the above factors have been ruled out, repeated fasting or postprandial blood glucose tests, it is found that blood glucose does exceed the normal standard, but has not yet reached the standard of confirmed diabetes, which is likely to be prediabetes has found themselves, increase vigilance, timely adjustment is necessary.