Throughout Chinese history, ancient and modern, the period of division between the masses is the Spring and Autumn Warring States and the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, and in these five dynasties and ten kingdoms, fifteen emperors were born in only fifty-three years, and when the new emperor ascended the throne, it was often accompanied by the replacement of courtiers, not to mention that these fifteen emperors were born in five regimes.
And these regimes were established by people of many ethnic groups such as Han Chinese and Khitan people, and the replacement of courtiers was even more inevitable, but during this period, there was an official named Feng Dao who served as the chancellor and assisted 11 emperors, and in the end, if he was not old, I am afraid that the next four emperors would not replace them.
Feng Dao has two very different evaluations in history, the people call him a saint, but Sima Guang, Sima Qian and other experts call him extremely treacherous, and scold him for not being shameful, why do the same people have such extreme two evaluations?
Feng Dao was originally born in the Tang Dynasty, and is a famous filial piety of the Tang Dynasty, the war at the end of the Tang Dynasty, replaced by the Later Tang, Feng Dao began to be an official, born in a chaotic world, people must not be too old-fashioned, otherwise they will not live for more than two seconds in the chaotic world.
Feng Dao, on the other hand, is a relatively sleek person, and is very capable, no matter who ascends to the throne, he tries his best to assist, and provides a lot of feasible suggestions for the development of the country, so the monarch has a very good feeling for Feng Dao.
Feng Dao was worthy of the heavens in his life, worthy of the earth, and was a lifelong minister, he did not embezzle a penny, and he made great efforts for the country, and also saved the people from water and fire. The five generations and ten countries have changed frequently, and wars are inevitable, and in the years of war, the people are the most innocent.
They can't cultivate the land or even lose their homes, refugees appear in piles, and in the chaos of war, everyone just wants to preserve their strength, and very few people lend a helping hand. Regardless of the loss of his own interests, Feng Dao took out his own Feng Lu to open a warehouse to release grain, saving the lives of countless innocent people, and it was precisely because of this that the people were grateful to Dade and called Feng Dao a saint.
When Feng Dao died, the people who came to see him off lined up dozens of streets, louder than the cry of the monarch, and the people sent a bang, saying that Feng Daoxiang loved the country and the people all his life, made suggestions for the major affairs of the country, and did his best for the people at the bottom.
However, the two historians Sima Guang and Sima Qian did not think so, and it is not difficult to find in their works that these two historians were not ashamed of Feng Dao's approach, because being an official emphasized a loyal word.
Eating the welfare of the people is the duty of a prime minister, whether or not to be loyal to the monarch is an important criterion for measuring whether an official is qualified, and what Feng Dao did is a wall grass, and it is not only two-sided, so in the hearts of historians, Feng Dao does not know shame.
In fact, loyalty is necessary for people to be a courtier, but it is also necessary to analyze the specific situation, in a chaotic world, it is ridiculous to insist on the so-called loyalty, so that loyalty in the context of the times is not valuable, and Feng Dao has made suggestions for the eleven emperors in his lifetime, done his best for the people, does not embezzle, does not abuse his power, and is already a good official who serves the public and is honest.
Thus also realizing the greatest value of his life to the greatest extent, if it is true that historians such as Sima Qian, how can Feng Dao be loyal to the old lord have the opportunity to contribute to the country and seek the welfare of the people? Therefore, the loyalty mentioned by Sima Qian and others is foolish loyalty and is not worth advocating.