Recently, Nanjing Children's Hospital has treated more than 20 children with hand, foot and mouth disease in one day, most of whom are children under 5 years old. Autumn and winter is the second peak of hand-foot-and-mouth disease, although it is not a very serious disease, but parents still need to pay more attention.
How to contagious?
Hand-foot-and-mouth disease is mainly caused by enteroviruses, the most common of which is the symptom of diarrhea, which is basically every child has been infected.
For example, contact with children suffering from hand, foot and mouth disease, hugging, touching herpes on the skin, or contacting each other's saliva and other secretions, will directly lead to the infection of the virus.
If you find that your child has symptoms of fever, herpes on the hands and feet, ulcers in the mouth, and the child is accompanied by fatigue and sore throat, it can be basically determined that it is hand-foot-and-mouth disease.
The infection rate of hand-foot-and-mouth disease is very fast, basically 2-4 days will be very serious, once there is no timely treatment, it is likely to lead to the result of death, so mothers must pay attention to it.
How to judge whether to go to the hospital or not?
Although the rate of transmission of hand-foot-and-mouth disease is fast, the symptoms are relatively mild, and basically 98% of hand-foot-and-mouth diseases are ordinary.
In general, as long as the rash on the skin does not appear painful, itchy, scab, scarring, etc., it does not require special treatment and can heal itself within 1 week.
However, if the following symptoms occur, parents need to take their children to medical treatment in time:
The child has a persistent fever with a body temperature above 39°, and the conventional antipyretic method is still ineffective.
Your child's mental state is weak, with headaches, vomiting, and shaking or weakness in the limbs.
Breathing is irregular, fast and slow. Just in terms of children less than 2 months, the breathing in a calm state is ≥ 60 beats per minute; under 1 year old is ≥ 50 times per minute; 1-5 years old is ≥ 40 breaths per minute.
The child has a cold sweat, cold hands and feet, and the heart rate is accelerated (> 60 beats per minute).
How to prevent it
Develop good habits: HFMD is infected through exposure to the virus, so be sure to pay attention to the hygiene of the home and surrounding environment.
Do not expose your child to the things of sick children, especially toys, cutlery and toiletries, and let your child develop the habit of washing their hands before meals.
For the daily necessities that children often use, parents should have the habit of regular disinfection. Household items can be disinfected with 84 disinfectant, and special disinfectants should also be disinfected with special disinfectants for dishes, chopsticks, cups, pots, etc. that touch the mouth.
Teach your child not to eat raw and cold food and drink raw water.
Hand-foot-and-mouth vaccination: The most guaranteed way to prevent hand-foot-and-mouth disease in your child is to vaccinate your child against hand-foot-and-mouth disease starting at 6 months after the child is born.
Currently, the common pathogen that causes hand-foot-and-mouth disease is enterovirus type 71, so parents can receive EV-A71 inactivated vaccine to prevent enterovirus A71. Children are advised to try to complete the vaccination before the age of 1.
In the high incidence period, less to go to densely populated places: when the child's immunity is poor, try to take the child to the crowded places, especially some park amusement facilities, as well as the ocean ball pool in the mall, etc., as long as it is the child's favorite place to go as little as possible, after all, we can not guarantee that the disinfection and cleaning of these places can meet the standard.
If the child is accidentally infected, parents should not be too anxious, must go to the hospital in time for medical treatment; in daily life, parents should also do a good job of cleaning, prevent child infection in advance, and reduce the occurrence of diseases.