Liu Bei, without much introduction, is the Emperor Zhaolie of the Shu Han Dynasty in history, the "Taoyuan Gang Big Brother" in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Unlike Cao Cao and Sun Quan, Liu Bei was really killed from the bottom of society, although Liu Bei carried a signboard that read, "After emperor Xuansun of Hanjing and King Jing of Zhongshan", which was actually of little use. Liu Bei's life can be described as "turbulent and displaced", and the Shu Han Dynasty he established can actually be called a "wandering dynasty". Liu Bei himself was a native of Zhuo County (涿郡, in present-day Zhuozhou, Hebei Province), but he ran to the southwest of Sichuan to establish a state.
Although Liu Bei fought the Yellow Turban Rebellion, he had little connections in the official arena, and although he had military merit, he was only awarded the rank of Lieutenant of Anxi County. Where is Anxi? In the southeast of present-day Dingzhou City, Hebei Province, Anxi County was then part of the Zhongshan State. This was the fiefdom of Liu Bei's ancestor, Liu Sheng, the King of Zhongshan Jing. However, it did not take long for the imperial court to lay off redundant officials. Liu Bei, who had no background, was blacklisted. Liu Bei was furious and beat up the inspector, hung up the seal and left, and the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" gave this wonderful bridge section to Zhang Fei for free. There are always people who look down on Liu Bei in the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" and say that Liu Bei knows to cry his nose all day long and has no heroism. However, Liu Bei in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms and Liu Bei in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms are not the same. From a certain point of view, the Romance of the Three Kingdoms actually smeared Liu Bei.
After playing the postmaster, Liu Bei went through several ups and downs, made meritorious service in the army, and served as a Gao Tang (Yucheng West of Shandong) order. Helplessly, the situation in the world was chaotic, and Liu Bei's "mixing" became more and more bleak. With a big head around his neck, he always had to find a way to eat. Liu Bei went to his classmate Gongsun Zhan. Gongsun Zhan asked Liu Bei to assist Shi Tiankai of Qingzhou in his resistance to Yuan Shao. Liu Bei made many military achievements, and finally Gongsun Zhan recommended him to go to the plains (which belonged to present-day Dezhou, Shandong), and Liu Bei ordered him to be a plain (equivalent to a prefecture-level Taishou). Liu Bei was in the plains as a prime minister, for the government to be clear and clear, to treat people with courtesy, and won the support of the people. Someone had sent assassins to assassinate him, but the assassins could not bear to do so, which showed that Liu Bei had won the hearts of the people.
During Liu Bei's time in the plains, Taishou Kongrong of Beihai (in present-day Changle County, Weifang, Shandong Province) was besieged by Liu Kou, and Liu Bei went to the rescue. Liu Bei led Guan Zhang to break the liukou, which made Liu Bei's reputation greatly enhanced, but he was still not a first-line figure. Liu Bei really squeezed into the front line, starting from Xuzhou.
In order to avenge his father, Cao Cao led an army to attack Xuzhou and threatened to slaughter the city. Xuzhou Mu Taoqian asked Tian Kai for help, and Liu Bei went with Tian Kai to rescue Xuzhou. However, the seat of government in Xuzhou was not the current Xuzhou City in Jiangsu Province, but Tancheng County at the southern end of Linyi City in Shandong Province. Tao Qian saw that Liu Bei was an extraordinary hero, and added him to the regular army of four thousand Danyang soldiers, and then asked him to garrison in Xiaopei (Pei County, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province). The so-called Three Lets Xuzhou also happened at this time. After Tao Qian's death, Liu Bei led Xuzhou and became a prince of the party.
It's another good time. Yuan Shu sent troops to attack Xuzhou, and when Liu Bei was in a standoff with Yuan Shu, Tao Qian would collude with Lü Bu to sneak into Xia Pi (古邳镇, Suining County, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province) and capture Liu Bei's wife. Liu Bei reluctantly made peace with Lü Bu and returned to Xiao Pei to garrison. Lü Bu only wanted to borrow Liu Bei's strength to fight against Yuan Shu, but he did not want to see Liu Bei sitting on the throne. Hearing that Liu Bei had recruited more than 10,000 men and horses, Lü Bu raised an army to attack Xiao Pei.
Liu Bei had no choice but to flee to Xudu to join Cao Cao and cook wine with Cao Cao to "pretend to be stupid". In order to win Liu Bei over, Cao Cao made Liu Bei the pastor of Yuzhou in the name of the Son of Heaven. Therefore, liu bei is called Liu Yuzhou in the jianghu. Cao Cao later pacified Lü Bu, but he was not at ease with Liu Bei, feeling that this Liu Big Ear was a heroic figure and difficult to control. Therefore, Liu Bei was left in Xudu and did not allow him to take real power in the local areas.
Liu Bei was willing to sit in the city of Sorrow, and he took the opportunity to ask Cao Cao for orders to go to Yuan Shu, a rebellious minister who claimed the title of emperor, and led his men and horses away from Xu Capital. After defeating Yuan Shu, Liu Bei took advantage of the situation to solve the Xuzhou Assassin Shi Che and became a prince of the party. Xuzhou was not far from Xuchang, which was a serious problem for Cao Cao's confidants, and Cao Cao naturally could not tolerate others sleeping soundly, and a year later, Liu Bei was broken by Cao Jun. Yuan Shao, the "pig teammate" who had previously allied with Liu Bei, did not seize the opportunity to rescue Liu Bei, and Liu Bei had no place to stay, so he had to go north to Hebei to find Yuan Shao.
Liu Bei realized that Yuan Shao was not enough to accomplish things, and sooner or later there was no good end. Liu Bei found an opportunity and led his subordinates to leave Yuan Shao and go south to join his clan relative Liu Biao. At this time, Liu Bei was already very famous, and Liu Biao arranged for Liu Bei to garrison in Xinye (Xinye County, Nanyang City, Henan Province). Then, Liu Bei invited Zhuge Liang out of Jingzhou.
At this time, the Central Plains War came to an end, and Cao Cao killed Yuan Shao, the overlord of the Central Plains, and took advantage of the victory to go south and directly attack Jingzhou. Liu Biaoxin died, and his son Liu Chun surrendered without a fight. Liu Bei quickly retreated from Fancheng, was chased and killed by Cao Cao all the way, and finally came to Xiakou, temporarily relieved. Cao Cao's army was powerful, and Cao Cao did not regard Liu Bei as the main target, and began to fight against Sun Quan of Eastern Wu. Sun Liu united and defeated the Cao army at the Battle of Chibi. Liu Bei also took advantage of the chaos to occupy Jiangling Commandery (nominally borrowed from Sun Quan), and personally conquered Wuling Commandery (Changde, Hunan), Changsha Commandery (Changsha, Hunan), Guiyang Commandery (Chenzhou, Hunan), and Lingling Commandery (Lingling, Hunan).
Liu Bei could finally plot the world according to his own strategic plan. With Liu Zhang's request for help, Liu Bei personally led a large army through Ba Commandery (present-day Chongqing) into Fucheng (涪城, in modern Mianyang, Sichuan) to meet Liu Zhang. Then it reached Yemeng Pass (south of Guangyuan, southeast of the Jialing River) and finally successfully took Chengdu. After years of hard work, Liu Bei finally realized the strategy of "crossing Jing Baoyi" proposed by Zhuge Liang in Longzhong.
Cao Cao of the Central Plains was not idle, and led a large army to pacify Zhang Lu and take Hanzhong. Hanzhong is the gateway to Shuzhong and is of great significance to Shu Han. Liu Bei personally led a large army to fight with Cao Cao for Hanzhong. After two major victories at Yangping Pass (Ningqiang County, Hanzhong City, Shaanxi) and Dingjun Mountain, a decisive battle was finally fought in Hanzhong, forcing Cao Cao to abandon Hanzhong. Due to the limitations of geographical conditions, it was more difficult for Cao Wei to defend Hanzhong.
Shu Han reached its peak and was full of sharp edges. Guan Yu sent troops from Jingzhou, forcing Cao Cao to almost move the capital to take refuge. Liu Bei was also full of pride and was ready to dominate the world. However, shu han's sharp edge was too strong, causing Wei and Wu to be jealous, and Wei wu made a rare alliance against Liu Bei. Sun Quan sent Lü Meng to sneak up on Jingzhou and kill Guan Yu. Liu Bei was furious and led his troops to seek revenge on Sun Quan. Unfortunately, Liu Bei's revenge plan was burned to the ground by a white-faced book named Lu Xun in Eastern Wu. The elderly Liu Bei suffered the biggest fiasco in his life, Shu Han suffered heavy losses, and this little family foundation that Liu Bei had worked so hard to accumulate for decades was almost buried by Liu Bei.
The gray-headed Liu Bei returned to Chengdu to see his courtiers, but led the remnants of the defeated army to garrison Emperor Cheng (present-day Dongbai Emperor Mountain, Fengjie County, Chongqing). Here, Liu Bei spent the last years of his life and summoned Zhuge Liang from Chengdu to tears. In the end, Liu Bei, 63 years old, died in the White Emperor City, ending his ups and downs and colorful life. If Liu Bei's life is highly summarized by the provincial-level states, it is that he was born in Youzhou, from Jizhou, from Xuzhou, defeated in Xuzhou, lurking in Jingzhou, starting from Jingzhou, emperor in Yizhou, and dying in Yizhou.