Luoyang City of Sui and Tang dynasties was founded in the first year of the Sui Dynasty Emperor Daye, and the Tang, Five Dynasties, and Northern Song Dynasties were still used as capitals or capitals, which were used for more than 530 years, making it the longest used capital in ancient China.
The ruins of Luoyang City in the Sui and Tang Dynasties cover an area of 47 square kilometers and consist of Waiguo City, Imperial City, Miyagi Castle, and smaller cities such as Dongcheng, Hanjiacang City, Yuanbi City, and Yaoyi City. There is also the West Garden to the west of the city. There are 109 workshops and three markets in Luoyang.
The Sui and Tang Dynasties Luoyang City was designed and built by Yuwen Kai. Yu Wenkai perfectly combined the planning and design of Luoyang City in Sui and Tang Dynasties with the mountains and rivers of Luoyang, truly achieving the planning concept of the unity of heaven and man.
Sui Tang Luoyang City National Heritage Park
So, what kind of ancient capital was Luoyang City in the Sui and Tang Dynasties? How is it designed and built?
The Sui and Tang Dynasties Luoyang City was not due to the Han Wei Luoyang City, but moved west to today's Luoyang City.
Luoyang City is nearly square in plan, and Luoshui runs through the central part. It is divided into three castle walls: outer castle, imperial city (Taiwei Castle), and Miyagi Castle (Ziwei Castle), with a circumference of 28 kilometers, and the city walls are all made of rammed earth, and the base site is 15-20 meters wide. The plan of Luoyang City is square, the east city wall is 7312 meters long, the south city wall is 7290 meters long, the west city wall is 6776 meters long, and the north city wall is 6138 meters long, and there are sewers made of stone slabs under the walls.
Schematic diagram of Luoyang City in Sui and Tang Dynasties
The Palace City and the Imperial City of Luoyang in the Sui and Tang Dynasties are in the northwest corner of Guocheng, the Palace City is in the north of the Imperial City, and there is Yuanbi City in the north of the Palace City, and there are east and west partitions. To the east of the Imperial City is the East City, and to the north is the Castle of Hankakura. The northeast of Guocheng and the south bank of the Luo River are Lifang District.
1. WaiguoCheng
The outer Guocheng plane is slightly more square, and there are eight gates on the south, north and east sides of Guocheng. The south main entrance is the Dingding Gate. The streets of the city criss-cross each other, forming a checkerboard-like pattern.
Guo Cheng", "North and south are wide and narrow, where one hundred and three squares, the three cities are in the middle." "The square is square, neatly laid out, and surrounded by walls. At present, bai juyi's former residence has been found in the southeast of Waiguocheng.
Dingding Gate
The North City is north of the Luo River, and the West City and the South City are south of the Luo River. The design of Luoyang City pays more attention to the commercial function of the city than Chang'an City. The LuoHe River is convenient for transportation, so it is directly planned in the city and plays a role in the transportation of the water system.
2. Miyagi
Miyagi castle is in the northwest of Kukujo castle, slightly closer to the square. The walls were rammed inside and bricked on the outside. In the middle of the south is the YingtianMen Gate, and there are double ques on both sides of the Yingtianmen Gate. In the middle of the north is xuanwu gate, and Yingtianmen- Xuanwumen is the north-south axis of Miyagi Castle. After excavation, the main palace area no. 2 platform in Miyagi Castle was later identified as the ruins of the Ming Hall of the Wu Zetian period.
Ruins of the Ming Temple
The site of the MingTang is an octagonal rammed earth platform with a large circular pillar pit in the center. In the northwest of the MingTang ruins, the foundations found may be Foguang Temple, Hui Chieftain Hall, Honghui Hall and so on. The Eastern Palace is located in the southeast of Miyagi Castle and is a castle of its own.
On the right side of the YingtianMen Gate, a group of brick kilns built by the Sui and Tang dynasties to build palaces was also found.
3. The Imperial City
The Imperial Castle surrounds the east, west and south sides of Miyagi Castle, and forms a sandwich with Miyagi castle on the east and west sides. There are five provinces, three central government offices, and there are also buildings for receiving foreign guests.
4. Miyagi Castle and small cities around the Imperial Castle
There are six main small cities around Miyagi Castle and Imperial Castle, which are: Yaoyi City and Yuanbi Castle, Dongcheng and Hanjiacang Castle, and East-West Partition City.
(1) Obsidian City and Yuanbi City
Obsidian Castle is located in the north of Miyagi Castle, and it is narrow and long. Yuanbi City is in the north of Yaoyi City and is rectangular.
(2) Dongcheng and Including Kacang City
Dongcheng is in the east of the imperial city, the city site is rectangular, in recent years in the dongcheng found in the official barracks of brick kilns, excavated with architectural components and ceramics. In the north of the East City, there is Hanjiacang City, and the grain cellars in Cangcheng Are dense.
(3) East-west partition
In the northeast corner and northwest corner of Miyagi Castle, there is also a square castle site.
5. Xiyuan and Shangyang Palace
In the Sui Dynasty, the Western Garden was built in the west of Luoyang City. To the east of the Xiyuan, southwest of the imperial city, there was the Shangyang Palace, which was built for Emperor Gaozong of Tang and has since become the main palace of Luoyang.
Shangyang Palace
The supreme rulers of the Sui and Tang dynasties lived in Luoyang For more than half a century, and during the Wuzhou Dynasty, they lived in Shendu for a long time. In the five dynasties, Liang, Tang, and Jin all built capitals here. During the Song Dynasty, it was called "Xijing", and at the time of the Song Dynasty, it was destroyed by war.
The ruins of Luoyang City in the Sui and Tang dynasties are large-scale ancient city ruins in China that have been preserved intact during the Sui and Tang dynasties. As the eastern capital of the Tang Dynasty, Luoyang City of Sui and Tang Dynasties was listed together with Sui Daxing City and Tang Chang'an City as the political, economic and cultural center of the whole country during the Sui and Tang Dynasties, and was one of the eastern starting points of the Silk Road.
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