Text/Ben of the Nine Princes
In an Anshi rebellion, the 20-year-old Wei Yingwu seemed to have suffered a catastrophe.
He came from a family, tall and handsome, and at the age of 15, he became Tang Xuanzong's personal bodyguard, entering and leaving the palace, and following the attendants around.
At that time, the prosperous Tang Dynasty was a prosperous and rich atmosphere. At this time, he did not learn any skills, gambled and drank, ran amok in the countryside, went unpunished, and naively thought that he would spend the rest of his life comfortably and promiscuously.
"Yuyang Fei came agitatedly and broke the neon dress feather song." A war of war awakened his dream, and Tang Xuanzong threw the minister of military affairs into Shu secretly, and he was thrown in Chang'an like an outcast.
Finally, at the age of 20, Wei Yingwu began to seriously think about life and quickly gave a self-help plan - reading and writing poetry.
As the saying goes, the prodigal son does not change his head. In the following thirty years, Wei Yingwu completed the gorgeous transformation from "prodigal son" to "poet", he let the pastoral poetry be adhered to and inherited, and also left the legendary story of "the last great poet of the Sheng Tang Dynasty".
· Shou Chang'an:
Seeing the defeat of the homeland, I was determined to write a book of poems ·
Wei Yingwu, literally Yibo, was born into a prominent Wei family in Jingzhao Duling (present-day Xi'an, Shaanxi).
Wei Shi in the Tang Dynasty, officials and eunuchs, for the head of guanzhong Wang's surname, "Chengnan Wei Du, go to the sky five feet" said that there is his family. During the Li and Tang dynasties, the Wei family sent 16 prime ministers, 2 empresses, 8 horses, and 3 imperial concubines.
Relying on the glory of the family, there was no pain in the early years, no worries in the youth, and Wei Yingwu's future was properly arranged.
At the age of 14, Wei Yingwu first relied on Zu Yin to seek errands in the palace, and the following year, he relied on his appearance, "young and strong, shoulders and necks, and good looks", and became Tang Xuanzong's personal bodyguard. At this point, he lived a life of "riding a stable horse to lead the heavens and entering the imperial court of the Qing Dynasty".
(Source: Photo Network)
This is the scenery for several years.
Wei Yingwu later recalled, "Emperor Wu of Shaoshi, a rogue and a scoundrel. In the middle of the body, the family hides the outlaws. Asagiri Pu Bureau, Twilight steals the Eastern Neighbor Ji. Si Li did not dare to catch it, and stood on the white jade mound... I don't know a word, and I drink recklessly. ”
He roamed the countryside, idle, playing chess during the day, sneaking into the neighborhood at night to deceive his wife and daughter, harboring murderers and so on. To put it bluntly, Wei Yingwu at this time was a "bad boy" who was deeply hated by his neighbors.
Around the age of 17, he studied on the job in Taixue and lived a life of "teenagers traveling too much to learn, negative and scornful of all students", mixed diplomas. However, he did not cherish this learning opportunity, and he was still idle and his studies were abandoned.
There are unpredictable storms in the sky, and people have bad luck and bad luck.
At the age of 20, Chang'an fell, and Emperor Xuanzong of Tang fled in a hurry, but did not take this former personal bodyguard with him.
Seeing that Chang'an City was broken, the family road had fallen, and the official position had been lost, Wei Yingwu, who had no aura blessing, was emaciated and depressed, and had to avoid the countryside.
Faced with a series of major blows, Wei Yingwu woke up. Under the double whammy of disillusionment and reality, he thought of reading. At that time, he also realized that "it is too late to read, and he will write and write inscriptions and poems." This made it crucial for him to reflect on both past introspection and the future, laying the mold for self-help in the future: writing poetry.
At this time, Wei Yingwu was just 21 years old, still young, intelligent in nature, and blessed with the profound heritage of Shuxiang Mendi, and realized the perfect transformation from "prodigal son" to "poet" in the sea of books, and soon he became famous for his poetry.
Although Wei Yingwu did not pass the entrance examination, he still won the favor of the imperial court with his talent for writing poetry. At the age of 27, he once again entered the dynasty as an official, serving as Luoyang Cheng and beginning the bumpy career of "thirteen governments of the past officials and three leaders of the Great Pan".
· Sigh:
Luoyang relatives and friends as asked, my peace of mind is Su Hang ·
Before the age of 27, Wei Yingwu never left Chang'an, even if changing drastically in Chang'an. For him, Chang'an is unique, the starting point of life is here, the splendor of life is here, the disaster of life is here, and the turning point of life is also here.
However, in ancient times, migration was more frequent than migratory birds. After he re-entered the army, he began the journey of traveling around the country.
In the autumn of 763, he set out from Chang'an, eastward, straight to Luoyang. Wei Yingwu's career in Luoyang was not smooth. At that time, Luoyang was plagued by war, and the people were not happy, "than the house was exhausted, and the soldiers and people were all clothed." He was a righteous official, and was prosecuted for punishing illegal non-commissioned officers (rectifying the looting of soldiers), so he resigned as an official due to illness and lived here for several years.
Each of his appointments was short, out of the army - idle - out of the world - idle again .
In 779, Wei Yingwu was transferred to Lingling County (栎阳县令, in present-day Lintong District, Xi'an), and resigned due to illness after only one month. In addition to health reasons, his own Bole Jing Zhaoyin (equivalent to the mayor of the capital) Li Gan was given death at the beginning of the year, coupled with the pain of bereavement of his wife three years ago, which made him exhausted.
At this moment, he felt that it was interesting to leave the officialdom, and he also advised his friends to learn from him and abandon the official, a naïve and willful wayward and a free way to seek a way out of the world, which was vividly reflected in the "Garden Yanqi Sending Zhao Ying Han Ming Fu Lu Master Book":
The Tian family has been cultivated, and the well house has morning smoke.
The garden is a good bird, and it is idle and sleeps alone.
Unconsciously, I got up and looked up at the blue sky.
The four bodies are scattered, and the emotions are also very refreshing.
Also under the eaves, thinking about the wine.
Tie the belt to the official palace, Jian Muying is present.
When you think of the forest, you can see the mountains and rivers.
Shangfei meets the Ming Dynasty, and shu is self-sufficient with the Tao.
In 782, Wei Yingwu was appointed as the Assassin of Chuzhou. As the governor of the prefecture for the first time, he traveled all over the landscape and rivers here, repeatedly investigating and inspecting.
(Source: Photo Network)
On the Second Year's Sting Festival after his appointment, the farmers in the west of Chuzhou City were busy with spring ploughing, and he observed alone, without making a sound or disturbing the people, and wrote what he saw and heard into "Guan Tian Jia", which cried bitterly for the peasants and felt ashamed of the eaters.
He consistently "introspected himself as a ruler" and adhered to the conscience of the servants. In office, Chuzhou "the people of chuzhou are self-widowed, and they are not politically successful." During his term of office, he was even more worried about the situation, loved the people and pitied the people, and "Sending Li DanYuanxi" showed the poet's benevolent courage.
At the end of his three-year term, he stayed in Chuzhou to live idly, only because "there was no land left behind, and his family was poor and had no old business."
In the autumn of 788, Wei Yingwu was appointed as the Assassin of Suzhou (from Sanpin), and as the third governor of the prefecture, he was able to gradually adapt to official life, often talking with the literati and inkers.
After his term of office expired, he was not newly appointed. Because he was an official with two sleeves and a clean wind, he did not have any savings, and even the travel expenses for returning to Chang'an to wait for the appointment of the imperial court could not be made up, so he could only stay in Suzhou.
And this stay is to say goodbye forever, and soon to die in Suzhou. With Hangzhou nearby, he could no longer go.
Throughout Wei Yingwu's career, he traveled to many places in his life, and when he was young, in Chang'an, he witnessed the great prosperity and decline of the Tang Empire; later, he traveled to Luoyang, Chuzhou, and Suzhou, always caring about the people's livelihood and suffering, benefiting one party.
He will gather what he has seen, heard and thought about the local customs and customs into a wonderful poem. Under Wei Yingwu's pen, the idyllic style of landscape and water has been continued, and the Yellow River cultural vein represented by Chang'an and Luoyang and the Yangtze River cultural vein represented by Suzhou have been inherited. Wei Yingwu's body embodies the adherence of Chinese traditional knowledge intellectuals to conscience and their attachment to truth.
Guan Shan Shui:
Spring tide with rain late to rush, wild ferry unmanned boat self-crossing ·
At the beginning of the Anshi Rebellion, the Tang Empire collapsed.
After this war, Wei Yingwu regarded the inscription poem as the interest and the highest pursuit of life, and his achievements were profound, leaving nearly 600 excellent works for the present.
As an innovator of Tang poetry, some scholars have pointed out that Wei Yingwu was one of the pioneer poets of Xinlefu poetry in the Tang Dynasty after Du Fu and before Yuan Shu, and was known for his lyrics with ironic meanings. "Chang'an Road", "Difficult to Walk", "Meet and Meet", "Hengtang Line", "Noble Parade", "Liquor Row" are among the representative works.
As a good wine person, from a young manhood to a depressed old age, he not only drank alcohol, but also talked about wine culture in poetry, and "Liquor Row" is the scene where he visits the Chang'an liquor store:
Haojia gu wine Chang'an Mo, once the building is a hundred feet high.
The green and exquisite wind contains spring breeze, and the silver inscription color banner invites guests.
Looking back at Dan Fengque, looking directly at LeYouyuan.
The four parties said that the name of the reward was high, and the five lingerine carriages and horses were not near or far.
Sunny and melodious March days, peach blossoms fluttering willows weeping feast.
The silk was in a hurry, and his neighbor was silent.
The owner is tireless and patented, and the hundred hue must pay a pot fee.
After the first brew, Thin is a big thief, and the drinker is well-known and does not know the taste.
The deep door is rare and the smell of alcohol is not moving throughout the year.
Chang'an liquor was disturbed by the air, and the road was past that it was learned.
Wei Yingwu's poems not only record the style of the times in which he lived, but also leave valuable materials for the winemaking process of the Tang Dynasty.
In the era of Wei Yingwu's life, Rongzhou (present-day Yibin City, Sichuan Province) had a fine wine made from a variety of grains, "Chongbi Wine", which was not only the official designated wine of Rongzhou, but also crossed the lofty mountains and mountains, and was spread all over Chang'an.
"Heavy Bi wine" is quite popular with the literati because of its mellow aroma, and the poet Du Fu left a good sentence of "heavy Bi Nian Spring Wine, Light Red Lychee". Wei Yingwu, who loved wine, must have tasted "heavy bi wine" when he lived in Chang'an, and when the wine was flourishing, he left behind a poem that was passed on to future generations. Just like the heavy bijiu, through the millennia of time, it has endured for a long time, and has become the "great country fragrant" Wuliangye that is now well-known at home and abroad. The soul of poetry and wine rhyme shine in the accompanying reflection and flow in the blood of Chinese culture.
As a representative of landscape idylls, Wei Shi has beautiful scenery, deep feelings, and self-style, and posterity is called "Wang (Wei) Meng (Haoran) Wei Liu (Zong Yuan)". A poem "Chuzhou Xijian", written in picturesque scenery, meaning eternal, clear and beautiful, is a famous piece of landscape poetry, and is praised by later generations:
Alone and pitiful,
There are yellow orioles on the deep tree song.
Spring tide with rain late to rush,
Wild ferry unmanned boats cross themselves.
As the best of the five-word poems, Wei Yingwu's half of his poems are in the five-word style, known as the "Great Wall of Five Words".
Bai Juyi admired this, and pointed out in the Nine Books of The Yuan: "His (Wei Yingwu)five-word poems, elegant and idle, and a family of his own, can reach this writer? ”
Five-word poetry, paying attention to the flow of one breath, the love and text are mutual, intriguing, enduring, Wei Yingwu's "Jian Lu Zhi" is one of them:
Poor snow white song, did not meet the acquaintance.
Under the trepidation of the brigade, wading along the huaihai seashore.
The stream trees contain morning rain, and the mountain birds are still spring.
I have a scoop of wine to soothe the wind and dust.
At this moment, the poet is in the Huainan prison brigade, rubbing his career. In recent years, "I have a scoop of wine, enough to comfort the rest of my life" has become very popular and soothed the hearts of countless "996" people.
"Sending a Daoist priest in the Pepper Mountain" is a masterpiece of five words in Wei's poem, which is idyllic and natural, "the leaves are full of empty mountains, where to find traces", which is the same as the Tao poem "Under the Eastern Fence of the Chrysanthemum, Leisurely See the South Mountain", which is comparable.
(Source: Photo Network)
Wei Yingwu's poems are like close-up shots, recording the flexible scenery, colorful colors and even subtle sounds, "the trees are cool in summer, the clouds are flowing and the moon is flowing", "the desert sails are heavy, and the birds are late"... It restores the subtle dynamics of nature's fleeting moments.
Wei Shi is a family of his own, inheriting and innovating his predecessors, and has a great influence on future generations. Modern scholar Gao Haifu pointed out that Wei Yingwu's five-character poems not only have Tao Yuanming's plain nature, but also Xie Lingyun's algae decoration and refinement, but also the quality of Han and Wei ancient poems, and Wang Weimeng Haoran's subtlety and long-distance.
Repair family style:
The door is not biased, only the reading price is higher·
In the Tang Dynasty, the family was married and matched, and multiple Mendi clans were looked after. The Webster family pays more attention to the etiquette of poetry and books, and the family style of reading is very good.
To his wife, he will never be negative. Wei's wife Yuanping, a famous lady, married the Wei family at the age of 16. She is gentle and delicate, just like "marrying a chicken with a chicken, marrying a dog with a dog", no matter how stubborn Wei Yingwu was when he was young, how depressed his family was after the Anshi chaos, she was always silently guarding by his side.
(Source: Photo Network)
The two stayed together for twenty years, although there was no fixed place to live, but they did not abandon it, and they saw the truth at the critical time. When Wei Yingwu was an official in Luoyang, he was humiliated by punishing the outlaw soldiers, and seeing that he was furious and wanted to pick a pick and not do it, Yuan Ping said sharply: "Wei Yibo, what are you going to do?" Want to rebel? "That's how the storm was calmed.
However, Yuan Ping became ill with overwork and died at the age of 36.
After Yuan Ping's death, Wei Yingwu was like losing his soul, regretting that he had not bought a decent dress for his wife, complaining that he had let his wife stay in the official house all these years, and lamenting that he should not spend his savings on drinking and outings... All the undeserveds are reflected in the epitaph he personally wrote, and the words are still deeply moving:
“...... Every time you look at the dim entrance, the cold seat is ownerless, the hands are greasy, the knowledge is ordinary, the incense powder sac, the place is still in the place, the utensils are used for a hundred things, and I can't bear to look back..."
Later, Wei Yingwu's life, while missing his wife infinitely, left a number of nostalgic poems; on the other hand, he "became both a father and a mother" and raised three children.
Yu Woman, he is full of love. The wife died, the eldest daughter was not an adult, the younger daughter was five years old, the son was less than one year old, and Wei Yingwu had hardships in the second half of his life. When choosing a son-in-law for his daughter, he attached equal importance to mendi, talent and virtue, and even so, he was not at ease.
The eldest daughter married Yang Ling, a good family, a good son. The Yang clan is the 'House of Benevolence and Righteousness'", and the New Book of Tang Records of Yang Ping's Biography: "(Yang Ping) and His brothers Ning and Ling are famous, and in the Great Calendar, they are promoted to the rank of Jinshidi, and the time is 'Three Yang'. ”
"Sending the Daughter of the Yang Family" is written by him for the marriage of his eldest daughter, full of sorrow and reluctance for the father:
Eternal day party affinity, go out for a leisurely time.
The woman has a trip today, and the river traces the light boat.
The elders are bitter and fearless, and they care for Yi Ci and gentle.
The young are raised by the elders, and the two do not cry endlessly.
For this middle intestine, it is difficult to return.
Since I was a child, I have been worried about internal training.
Reiz Tolingmen, Ren Shu Shu Wuyou.
Poor and frugal, resources are obedient.
Filial piety obeys the way of the woman, and tolerates obedience.
Don't leave this morning, see Erdang He Qiu.
Idleness begins to be dispatched, and it is difficult to receive it.
Returning to look at the young girl, zero tears flowing.
The whole poem is 120 words, the language is simple and ordinary, after a thousand years, it is still touching and profound to read. Yuan Hongdao of the Ming Dynasty pointed out, "Reading this poem, the eyes of public love are full of love, and it is conceivable. ”
(Source: Photo Network)
Yu Zi, he urged him to read. Wei Qingfu, the son of Wei Yingwu, inherited his father's dedication to study and earn a meritorious name, and his epitaph records: "The little lonely and the widowed, the family is very poor... In the seventeenth year of the Zhenyuan Dynasty (801 AD), he raised the jinshi and the first. ”
Lady Pei Di of Qingfu was from the Pei family of Hedong (present-day Shanxi). The second son was born, and the eldest son died early. She forcibly endured the pain of losing her husband and losing her son, working day and night, raising her young son, and passing the entrance examination, and her character was the same as that of her in-laws Yuan Ping.
The self-help model of reading created by Wei Yingwu has been passed down in the second generation of Wei and the third generation of Wei, and even imitated by future generations. In his prodigal son's life of turning back and being honest and dedicated, there is a generation of poets who are tenacious and full of hope for life.
Written by: Zhang Bingjun
Coordinator: Li Yaowei Yan Mei
Editor: Xie Yue
Producer: Tian Xinxin
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