The "Top Ten Academic Keywords in Historical Research in 2021" network selection was completed

On April 7, the results of the "Top Ten Academic Keywords of Historical Research in 2021" and the comments of experts and scholars were released. Ten keywords, including the Communist Party of China, cultural identity, global history, national governance, the Silk Road, cultural exchanges, the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, oral history, archaeological culture, and bronzes, were selected. According to the order of keyword voting, Zhang Baoming, dean of the Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences of Henan University, Zhong Weimin, professor of the Department of History of Tsinghua University and executive deputy editor of the Journal of Tsinghua University (Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition), Wang Zijin, professor of the National College of Chinese University, Zuo Yuhe, researcher of the Institute of Historical Theory of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, and Mei Jianjun, researcher of the MacDonald Institute of Archaeology at the University of Cambridge in the United Kingdom and director of the Needham Institute, made concise comments on the relevant keywords.

According to Min Xiangpeng, the person in charge of the selection activity and a professor at the Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences of Henan University, the selection was conducted by the Sixiang Academic Evaluation Team of the Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences of Henan University in conjunction with a number of academic new media organizations, the purpose of which is to quantitatively analyze the hot issues in historical research in 2021, reflect the key research areas of the academic community on the basis of data, and conduct it through online voting. Min Xiangpeng and his team members Wu Suhong, Cheng Yaxin, Yu Shuyi, Yang Ziyi, etc. measured and counted 9115 historical papers included in the core of CSSCI, CSCD, peking university Chinese in 2021, and selected 20 academic keywords with the highest frequency through literature import, information unit extraction (keywords), co-occurrence matrix construction, and similarity calculation for visual analysis, in turn, the Communist Party of China, the War of Resistance Against Japan, excavation briefings, bronzes, tombs, Tsinghua Jane, Silk Road, the United States, Global History, Britain, Cultural Exchange, Archaeological Culture, Materialist View of History, Huizhou, Dunhuang, Cultural Identity, Sun Yat-sen, State Governance, Qianlong, Oral History. On this basis, the "2021 Top Ten Academic Keywords in Historical Research" online selection activity lasted for more than a month, and after the selection results were released, the organizers invited 5 heavyweight experts and scholars from the academic community to comment.

The content of the scholars' comments is summarized as follows for the benefit of readers.

Communist Party of China

2021 is the centenary of the founding of the Communist Party of China, and the party's centennial course has profoundly changed the future and destiny of the Chinese nation and changed the pattern and direction of world development. "How to relive the magnificent epic of the CPC's century-long struggle and illuminate the way forward with the light of faith; "how to unite the great strength of struggle with the original heart of the rock and continue to write a new chapter of history" is a historical proposition of important theoretical and practical significance. As the hottest keyword in historical research in 2021, "Communist Party of China" is prominent in the research fields of party history and modern history, and related research involves the summary of the historical experience of the centenary of the founding of the party, the interpretation and interpretation of classic documents, the construction of The Chinese spiritual genealogy and many other aspects. This not only reflects the fine tradition of historical research taking history as a mirror, but also is a summary and prospect of the centenary history of the founding of the party standing at the node of the new era.

Cultural identity

Cultural identity is the identification of self and others in judging cultural groups, and is the most important soft power in the current comprehensive national strength competition, with common value judgments, the same cultural symbols, similar cultural concepts and other significant characteristics. Cultural identity is the deepest level of identity, and it is the cultural cornerstone and spiritual bond that maintains the nation and the country. Chinese civilization is first built on the basis of five thousand years of cultural identity, and only then will cultural integration and ethnic integration be realized. Only by premised on cultural identity can we answer the three fundamental propositions of human beings: Who am I? Where am I from? Where am I going? At present, historians continue to pay attention to "cultural identity", as well as related national identity, national identity, and The Chinese national community, which is expected to pursue the survival, theoretical and cultural basis of the Chinese nation from the evolution of civilization and historical context, and establish an unsupportable pillar and a deep and fundamental theoretical cornerstone of national self-confidence and cultural self-confidence.

(Reviewer: Zhang Baoming)

Global history

The study of global history has risen late, but it has developed rapidly. This is because globalization accelerated in the second half of the twentieth century, and China adapted to the wave of globalization and deeply integrated into the global economic system, so it has achieved brilliant achievements in economic development. The study of China's global history is not only a reflection of the development of real economy and culture, but also the result of global history research in Europe and the United States. At present, China's global history research is not only outstanding, but also has an impact on many disciplines other than history. Global history can be regarded as a discipline, and there are many global history research institutions and global history graduate training directions in the country; but global history is more suitable as a research method and a new perspective. Therefore, the current world history has broken the original plate structure and replaced it with an interrelated global history method, which has led to interdisciplinary research such as environmental history, disease history, crop spread history, etc. Many fields of Chinese history research have also introduced global history methods and achieved remarkable research results.

National governance

National governance was originally a political science concept, but in recent years it has become a key word in the field of historical research. On the one hand, with the gradual deepening of China's reform and opening up, the improvement of the level of modernization and the deepening of the degree of internationalization and globalization, higher requirements have been put forward for the level of national governance; on the other hand, historical research has also carried out extensive and in-depth discussions on the issue of national governance in history, and provided experience and lessons for contemporary national governance. Issues such as frontier governance, ethnic identity, the nature of monarchical power, the relationship between monarchs and subjects, whether the state power is subordinate to the county, and the historical patriarchal, religious and state relations have become the object of scholars' attention. As an ancient civilization, China's experience in national governance over the centuries and the evolution of national governance strategies are worth seriously summarizing, which is the key to understanding why China has become China. The study of the lessons of state governance since the Ming and Qing dynasties, especially in modern And contemporary China, is particularly important for the long-term development of China in the future.

(Reviewer: Zhong Weimin)

Silk Road

The Silk Road, or "Silk Road" for short, is an academic theme that is of common concern to different historical directions of Chinese history, archaeology and world history. In recent years, the research on the "Silk Road" has focused on the "History of the Silk Road". The study of the transportation routes of the Silk Road in the historical period, the cultural role of the Silk Road and other historical and cultural issues related to the Silk Road, such as ecology, economy and cultural exchanges, has indeed become an academic hotspot. This situation can be detected through a variety of new Silk Road research journals and a variety of new Silk Road research papers, and Silk Road studies will be an important field for academics to explore in the future.

Cultural exchange

Culture is colorful because of exchanges and enriched by mutual learning. Cultural exchanges include cultural exchanges between different regions, cultural exchanges between various ethnic groups, and cultural exchanges between Chinese culture and other cultural entities. Taking inter-ethnic cultural exchanges as an example, the study of the history of exchanges, exchanges and blends of the Chinese nation has received special attention from the academic circles in recent years. "Cultural exchanges" also involve the issue of "cultural identity" and the issue of "consciousness of the Chinese national community", so it has become a link and bridge to strengthen cultural communication among various ethnic groups, enhance cultural mutual trust, and expand cultural identity.

(Reviewer: Prince Jin)

The War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression

The War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression was the first national liberation war in which the Chinese nation won complete victory against foreign invasion in modern times, the main battlefield in the east of the world anti-fascist war, and a major turning point in the Chinese nation's transition from decay to rejuvenation. The status of a great power re-established by the Chinese military and people through their own efforts to resist the war has become an important foundation for the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. The national spirit, national cohesion and centripetal force aroused by the Chinese nation in the war against fascist aggression, and the national self-confidence and national pride established by victory have become a powerful spiritual force for the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. "Continuing the spirit of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and strengthening the rejuvenation force", the study of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression has always been the focus of academic circles. In addition to paying attention to military, political, economic, Sino-foreign relations, and the atrocities committed by the Japanese army in China, the study of the War of Resistance Against Japan has been extended to all aspects of wartime ideology, wartime culture, and wartime social life; with the excavation of new historical materials at home and abroad, the study of the anti-Japanese base areas has been deepened, and the study of the relatively weak Japanese and Pseudo-occupied areas has also been gradually unfolded.

Oral history

Oral history is the work of collecting and preserving memories by means of oral interviews and using images and words as the carrier, and is the tool, method and main channel for realizing the people's telling and writing of their own history. It has gone beyond the scope of history, widely used in documentary filming, memory preservation, news media, film and television history, public history, biography, Fang Zhixue, archival science and other broad fields, showing a multi-dimensional development trend, the emergence of a variety of collection methods and the presentation of their results, the formation of a pluralistic development pattern of public noise, equality of public voices, public participation, and each magic. Multi-dimensionality, pluralism and diversity constitute the basic characteristics of the development of oral history in China. In the new stage of focusing on the standardized operation of oral history, all disciplines and fields are consciously strengthening the normative awareness, exploring the application of oral interview norms in this discipline field, and orderly promoting the healthy development of Chinese oral history.

(Reviewer: Zuo Yuhe)

Archaeology culture

Archaeological culture is one of the most commonly used concepts in archaeological research, which refers to the collection of material and spiritual cultural relics of the same era, distributed within a certain geographical range, and with common characteristics observed in archaeological discoveries, including tombs, buildings, utensils, ornaments and burial customs. China's famous archaeological cultures include Yangshao culture, Dawenkou culture, Longshan culture and Liangzhu culture. As a special academic term, archaeological culture has not only become an academic hot word in historical research, but also received widespread attention from all walks of life, which should be the gratifying result of the frequent occurrence of major archaeological new discoveries in recent years, the attention of senior national leaders, and the positive interaction between the archaeological community and the media and the public.

Bronze

The initial emergence and development of bronzes and their smelting and production techniques is one of the major topics of archaeological research, both in China and other parts of the world. The bronze ware of the Shang and Zhou Dynasties in China, with its rich shape, grand scale, and social ritual function that lasted for thousands of years, has become the most original material and spiritual relics of early Chinese civilization. Since 2020, a large number of special bronzes have been unearthed from the newly discovered artifact pits at the Sanxingdui site in Sichuan, which have once again shocked the world. For a time, on social media, Sanxingdui bronze ware became the focus of academic circles and public attention, making the most common word "bronze" leap into an academic hot word for historical research in 2021. At first glance, it is a bit surprising, but when you think about it, it is reasonable.

(Reviewer: Mei Jianjun)

Editor: Chen Xuanyu