Text/Fu Huaxuan
He is a legendary figure of the Republic of China. Together with Cai E and Zhang Xiaohuai, he was known as the "Three Masters of the Republic of China", and he studied military affairs in Japan and Germany successively, and founded The theory of modern Chinese national defense. In the summer of 1937, he rearranged the relevant articles, speeches, and some of his earlier writings into a book, naming "On National Defense." First printed in the Lushan Officers' Training Corps, and then published by the Shanghai Ta Kung Pao, it was a sensation, and the title page inscription was: "Ten thousand words, just to tell everyone a word, China has a way!" "The words are full of the heart of the naked son's fist to resist Japan and save the country."
Although he never led a soldier or a pawn to the battlefield, he taught many generals. Whether it was Yuan Shikai or Tang Shengzhi, whether it was Duan Qirui or Chiang Kai-shek, they all paid great respect to him. At the same time, he was also a master of strategy, predicting the course of Japan's war of aggression against China more accurately and proposing the response strategy of the Nationalist government. He was versatile and contributed to literature, calligraphy, translation, diplomacy, etc. Lin Huiyin was the most eye-catching beautiful and talented woman in the Republic of China period. For this reason, people at the time had the saying that "men make friends with Jiang Baili, women make friends with Lin Huiyin, and live up to this life".
This person is Jiang Baili.
Jiang Fangzhen, Zi Baili, a native of Haining Prefecture, Zhejiang. The great poet Xu Zhimo is Jiang Baili's cousin, and the martial arts novel master Jin Yong is his cousin.
When Jiang Baili was 13 years old, his father died and he and his mother depended on each other. Because his father had been a monk in his early years, the monks could not return to the family, so his father did not receive the family inheritance, and the family life was difficult. At that time, Jiang Baili's uncle Jiang Shiyi hired Old Xiu cai Ni Qinshu as his child's teacher. Jiang Baili, who liked to read, often sneaked down to the study window to listen to the lectures, and when Uncle Ni Qin saw that he was intelligent and had a heart of love for talents, when he knew that his family was cold, he said to his mother: "This child is a talent that can be created, and I am willing to teach Baili to read, and I do not accept 'shackles' (according to the custom at that time, students who did not do poetry were 6 yuan to 8 yuan per year, and 8 yuan to 12 yuan had already been written). Since then, Jiang Baili has been studying from Uncle Ni Qin. In addition to being able to memorize the Four Books and Five Classics, Jiang Baili also read classical novels such as "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "Journey to the West", and "List of Fengshen Gods" in his spare time.
In 1901, Jiang Baili studied at the Japanese Army Non-Commissioned Officer School, studied in Germany in 1906, and returned to China to serve as the president of the Baoding Army Officer School and the acting president of the Army University. In 1912, he became the principal of the Baoding Army Officer School.
During Jiang Baili's tenure as principal of the Baoding Army Officer School, something happened that shocked the whole country.
At 5:00 a.m. on June 18, 1913, just after dawn, Jiang Baili, the principal of the Baoding Military Academy, summoned more than 2,000 teachers and students of the school to give an emergency lecture. Dressed in a yellow military uniform, with a long-handled saber hanging from his waist and polished riding boots on his feet, he stood on the stone steps of the Shangwu Hall with a sad face: "When I first arrived at the school, I swore that you must do what I want you to do; I must do what you want me to do." If you can't do it, I'm going to punish you; if I can't do it, I'm going to punish myself. So it seems that I have failed to fulfill my responsibilities... You must summon up the courage to take on the great responsibility of China's future! ”。 Subsequently, Jiang Baili took out his pistol and aimed it at the left side of his chest and fired a sharp shot.
At that time, the Baoding Army Officer School was a famous military school in the country. This happened in the school and immediately caused a sensation throughout the country.
Strange people must have miraculous luck, Jiang Baili miraculously survived, and had a relationship with the Japanese woman who cared for him during his illness, Sato Yadō, and eventually became Jiang Baili's second wife, changing his name to Jiang Zuomei.
The reasons for Jiang Baili's suicide this time are divergent, some saying that he was indignant at the impetuous study style of the military academy, some saying that he had unsuccessfully requested funds from the War Department, and some saying that he was desperate for China's military and political circles at that time.
In October 1938, he became acting president of the Army University (due to Chiang Kai-shek), and in November of the same year, on the way to relocate the school, he died of illness in Yishan, Guangxi, at the age of 56. The Kuomintang government posthumously awarded him the title of General of the Army.
The general has no children and has 5 daughters, all of whom are born to Jiang Zuomei, of which the third daughter, Jiang Ying, is the most well-known to the world, and her husband is Qian Xuesen, a famous scientist in China, "the father of China's aerospace and the father of missiles."
About his daughters:
First of all, the third daughter Jiang Ying: In 1941, after graduating from the Berlin University of Music in Germany, Jiang Ying transferred to the postgraduate class of the Lucerne Conservatory of Music in Switzerland for further study, mastering a large number of German and French art songs, singing dramas, passion songs, Mass and other chamber music works, and had a deep understanding and understanding of classical, romantic and modern opera works. Life was hard, and she often bought a bread on the subway to fill her hunger. She has a firm belief: "I can't lose Chinese face!" Be sure to learn Western music! In 1946, Jiang Ying ended his 10-year study career in Europe and returned to his homeland. She is already an excellent soprano singer.
The eldest daughter Jiang Zhao died early.
The second daughter, Jiang Yong, originally studied at the University of Chinese in Hong Kong, returned to China to join the ambulance team according to the persuasion of her parents after the beginning of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, serving the wounded, and then settled in the United States.
The fourth daughter, Jiang Hua, a master's degree from Harvard University in the United States, settled in Belgium, organized the European Zhongshan School, made significant contributions to the education of overseas Chinese, and undertook an important role in threading needles and leads in the process of Qian Xuesen's return to China.
The fifth daughter, Jiang He, traveled around Europe with her father at an early age and settled in Beijing after liberation.