History has a temperature, life has an attitude, and cognition has depth.
In the history of the Republic of China, there was a man who had never led soldiers or fought in battles, but after his death, he was posthumously awarded the title of general of the army by Chiang Kai-shek.
He had only been the principal of an army school for seven months, but the generals who graduated from this school were proud to be his disciples.
He struggled for China to defeat the Japanese invasion, but he married a Japanese girl as his wife.
He has a son-in-law named Qian Xuesen, and he also has a wife and nephew named Zha Liangyong, whose pen name is Jin Yong.
This man's name is Jiang Baili.
Jiang Baili was born in 1882 in Haining, Zhejiang. Jiang Baili's grandfather, Jiang Guangxu, was a famous bibliophile in the Qing Dynasty, with a collection of 100,000 books. Therefore, Jiang Baili can also be regarded as a "family of scholars".
When Jiang Baili was 13 years old, his father died. Because his father had been ordained before, Jiang Baili could not be included in the Jiang family, nor could he get the family inheritance. Mother and son depend on each other for their lives, and life is very hard.
In 1898, the 16-year-old Jiang Baili took the middle school Xiucai.
When Jiang Baili was 19 years old, he gave up being a private school teacher, and under the sponsorship of a prefect, a county ordinance and a prison, he traveled east to Japan to apply for the Japanese Army Non-Commissioned Officer School.
According to one of the most widely circulated sayings nowadays: at the Japanese Army Non-Commissioned Officer School, Jiang Baili ushered in the first highlight of his life.
When Jiang Baili graduated from the 17th infantry section of the Japanese Army Non-Commissioned Officer School in 1905, he ranked first, and took the sword given by the emperor in front of all Japanese graduates.
After the age of 28. Jiang Baili's various deeds were praised by people.
At the end of 1912, the 29-year-old Jiang Baili was appointed as the principal of the Baoding Army Officer School. This school was the first regular army school in China, and produced a large number of senior generals from the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. Jiang Baili's appointment as principal at the age of 29 was enough to see his position at that time.
After Arriving at the Baoding Military Academy, Jiang Baili first promised all the students that they would be trained to become the best officers, otherwise they would "kill themselves and thank the world."
Jiang Baili then made a lot of reforms, eating and living with teachers and students in the school, and personally teaching. His experience in Japan and Germany was destined to have a vision far higher than that of others in China at that time, and he was admired by everyone from teachers to students. A Baoding Military Academy, which was already overgrown with wild grass and was about to collapse, was completely renewed in the hands of Jiang Baili.
However, at that time, a group of old military representatives of the Beiyang government (mainly Duan Qirui) did not agree with the new training methods of this school, and it was difficult to do everything, and later even did not allocate funds. At the beginning of Jiang Baili's tenure, he promised his classmates that he would manage this school well, and now this look makes Jiang Baili feel ashamed of his classmates.
At that time, Jiang Baili's suicide attempt shocked the whole country. Yuan Shikai ordered the best Japanese hospital to treat Jiang Baili's injuries. During his recuperation, Jiang Baili and his nurse Sato Yadori, who took care of him, fell in love with each other and eventually married. Because Jiang Baili liked plum blossoms, Sato Yaden changed his name to "Samei".
A Chinese soldier who spent his life studying against Japan eventually married a Japanese wife, which was also a shocking thing at the time. But Jiang Baili went his own way.
Zuomei died of illness in 1978, and the name engraved on the tombstone was "Jiang Zuomei". In her later years, she said that the reason why she supported China's fight with her motherland was because the battle Chinese at that time was a righteous battle.
Jiang Baili originally had an original wife. This original lady was a relative betrothed by her parents, and Jiang Baili himself was never willing to accept it.
After Jiang Baili went to study, Jiang's mother gently advised the original wife to break the marriage contract, but the lady said that she would never marry someone else. After Jiang Baili returned to China in 1910, he reluctantly married her, and then the two separated, and the lady served Jiang Baili's mother until her death in 1938.
This lady, named Cha Pinzhen, had a nephew named Cha Liangyong, who was later the famous writer Jin Yong.
The third daughter of Jiang Baili and Zuomei is named Jiang Ying. When Jiang Baili was studying at Zhejiang Academy, he had a friend named Qian Junfu. Later, Jiang Ying married Qian Xuesen, the only son of the Qian family and later a famous scientist.
Therefore, Jin Yong called Jiang Ying "cousin", and Jin Yong became Qian Xuesen's cousin-in-law.
Jiang Baili Xiucai was born and originally had a considerable cultural foundation. When he studied in Japan, he became close friends with Cai Yi in the same year. Cai Yi was a disciple of Liang Qichao, and through Cai Yi's introduction, Jiang Baili also performed discipleship to Liang Qichao.
Jiang Baili began to host the magazine "Transformation" in September 1920. The popularity of this national magazine at that time was surpassed by only "New Youth" edited by Chen Duxiu. The magazine "Zhejiang Chao" that he hosted during his stay in Japan was also very popular, and Lu Xun, Zhang Taiyan and others all published articles on it.
Jiang Baili also wrote a large number of research articles on literature and history, such as "The Diplomacy of the Song Dynasty", "History of Oriental Culture and Philosophy", "Sovereign Class and Auxiliary Class" and so on.
If this development continues, when future generations recall Jiang Baili, they will definitely be given the titles of "literary scholar," "historian," and even "newspaper editor-in-chief."
Fortunately, "jiang baili, a soldier" finally defeated "jiang baili of the literati." In 1925, Jiang Baili announced that he would re-emerge from the mountains and once again devote himself to the military cause.
Because, his greatest wish in life was to be able to defeat Japan.
Why did Jiang Baili, who had never led troops to fight in his life, have such a high prestige?
Because at the beginning of 1937, Jiang Baili gathered the things he had studied and thought about for many years into a book and published a book, that is, the famous "On National Defense.".
The book was published by the Ta Kung Pao at the time and became a sensation.
Of course, what Jiang Baili was most familiar with was Japan, which was about to launch an all-out war of aggression against China at that time. Jiang Baili, who had long judged that there would be a war between China and Japan, talked many times about his strategy toward Japan.
First, China is not afraid of Japanese whale swallowing, but it is afraid of the other side's encroachment. Therefore, we must not retreat from Japan step by step, we must take the initiative to carry out an all-out war of resistance, we must not let the Japanese army exist in the rear, and we must let it have no time to digest the occupied areas.
Second, the Japanese army that took the initiative to attack Shanghai forced the Japanese army not to fight from north to south but from Shanghai, to go up the Yangtze River and fight from east to west, so that China could use the mountains and lakes along the river to eliminate the advantages of the Japanese army in weapons and training.
Third, exchange space for time and fight a protracted war. Dragged the Japanese army into the second prism of China's geography, that is, the junction of Hunan and Sichuan, and fought a decisive battle with the Japanese army. The longer it drags on, the closer it is to victory.
Jiang Baili constantly stressed one point: In fighting japan, "whether it is victory or defeat, it is different from making peace!" ”。
Unfortunately, Jiang Baili did not see victory in this war in his lifetime.
In October 1938, Chiang Kai-shek handed over the position of president of the Army University to Chiang Bai-ri – before that, he himself was the president.
Just a month later, in the early morning of November 4, 1938, Jiang Baili died of a heart attack at the age of 56.
Famous educator Huang Yanpei:
Born soldier, he is also a natural writer. After all the storms and storms of the sea of dust, his talent was only slightly apparent in wartime. A Chinese to write a Japanese article. Leave this last crystallized text, and there is light that makes the enemy afraid.
He really didn't bring soldiers, he didn't fight.
But a huge war requires soldiers who bravely kill the enemy on the front line, generals who need to strategize in the command post, and people who rely on their own experience and vision to stay away from the flames of war and analyze the war situation from a strategic point of view.
Jiang Baili is such a person.
At that time, from ordinary people in China to generals in the army, they were all encouraged by Jiang Baili's words.
Jiang Baili wrote this sentence on the title page of "On National Defense":
"A thousand words, just to tell everyone one sentence: China has a way!"