Teng Wengong
[Introduction]
This chapter consists of ten chapters, mainly dealing with the way of shi and the official, and Mencius's own view of history. This article is all in the form of dialogue. Since it is a dialogue, the topic may be shifted, among which the chapters "If it is not the way, it is impossible to be eaten by others" and the chapters "Tangju Boge is a neighbor" have obvious topic shifts. The most classic chapter of this chapter is the chapter "Is to be a great husband", and the famous sentence "Rich and noble cannot be adulterous, poor and lowly cannot be moved, and mighty cannot be bent" comes from this chapter. The allusions to "Dr. Chu wants his son's Qi language" and "a chicken in the moon" are also from this chapter.
6.1 Xiqi Jing Gongtian recruited yu people to not arrive
6.1 [original]
Chen Dynasty (1) said: "If you don't see the princes, you should be small, and now when you see them, the big ones are based on the king and the small ones are hegemonic (2), and zhi is 'in vain and straight to seek', and it is advisable to be able to be also (3). ”
Mencius said: "Xiqi Jing Gongtian recruited yu people to not arrive, and they will be killed (4)." The warriors do not forget to be in the ravines, and the warriors do not forget to lose their roots (5). Confucius? Take the trick (6)! If you don't wait for it, you can't go to it (7)! And the one who seeks it out is Eliyan (8). If Eli is profitable, then it is also possible to find a ruler and profit is also the same as (9)? In the past, Zhao Jianzi made Wang Liang and Huan Xi ride, and did not get a bird all day long (10). Xiao Xi rebelled against the fate of 'the world's lowly workers also (11)'. Or sue Wang Liang. Liang Yue 'Please restore (12)', strong and then can, and get ten birds in one day (13). Xiao Xi rebelled against the fate of 'the good work of the world', and Jian Zi said 'I make the palm and the female multiplication (14)'. It is said that Wang Liang, liang, is not good, and I am not allowed to drive for it all the time, but to gain ten (15) for the sake of a strange encounter with one dynasty. The poem "Yun "does not lose its gallop, and the arrow is broken (16)", I do not ride with the villain, please resign (17)' - the emperor and the shame and the shooter, compared to the beast although the hilly Buddha is also (18). If you are wrong and go from the other side (19)! And the son is too much, and those who have wronged themselves have not been able to be straight (20). ”
6.1 [General Interpretation]
Chen Dai said: "When I didn't see the princes, I seemed to feel that their ambitions were very small, but now when I see the princes, the big ones are like the heavenly sons of the king and the small ones are like the overlords who dominate the princes, not to mention that the "Zhi" says that "bending and bending is a foot that can be straightened eight feet", as if the princes can do something. ”
Mencius said: "Once upon a time, qi Jinggong hunted and used a banner decorated with five-colored feathers to summon the officials in charge of the affairs of The Mountain Zeyuan, and Qi Jinggong wanted to kill him. The warriors did not forget to be in the ravine, and the warriors were not afraid to lose their heads. How did Confucius choose this? Choose not to be the one who should have summoned not to go! If you don't wait for the princes to summon you, what is it! And that bend is one foot straight enough to be eight feet, which is measured by the standard of profit. If you act according to the profit, then you can turn the original bending and bending eight feet straight into a foot and make a profit! In the past, Zhao Jianzi asked Wang Liang's favored inner minister Xi xi to drive to hunt, and Xi could not catch a single bird all day. Xi came back and reported that 'he is an inferior and incompetent driver in the world'. Someone told Wang Liang this. Wang Liang said, 'Please allow me to drive again,' and forced Xi to allow it, and in one morning Xi hunted ten birds. Xi came back and reported that 'he is the best driver in the world', and Jian Zi said,' 'I asked him to drive for you'. Zhao Jianzi told Wang Liang that Wang Liang refused, saying, "I can't beat a single bird all day for him to regulate my driving behavior, and what I encounter for him to drive against normal is to hit ten birds in one morning." The Book of Verses says, "If you don't lose the galloping car, the arrow will hit you," and I am not used to driving a little man, so allow me to quit this errand" - the driver still regards cooperation with a strange shooter as a humiliation, and cooperation can hunt birds and beasts, even if they are piled up like hills. If you deviate from the right path and meet them, what is it! And you're wrong, no one who makes himself willing to meet others can make others upright. ”
6.1 [Notes]
(1) Chen Dynasty: Disciple of Mencius.
(2) It is advisable not to see the princes, but when you see them now, the big ones are based on the king and the small ones: when you don't see the princes, you seem to feel that their ambitions are very small, but now when you see the princes, the big ones are like the heavenly sons who call the king of the world, and the small ones are like the overlords who dominate the princes. Not seen, not seen. Yi Ruo, feel like, feel like. Small, small ambitions. Now, now, but now. Wang, pronounced wàng, as a verb, to rule the world with benevolence. Hegemony, hegemony.
(3) And the "Zhi" says that "the ruler is in vain and straight to find", and it is advisable to do it: moreover, the "Zhi" says that "bending and bending is one foot and can be straightened eight feet", as if the princes can do something. Chronicle, a record of the state affairs of the royal family and the princely states. See Note 5.2 (11). The original meaning is to make bending, and by extension, it is curved to meet the greeting. Seek, ancient unit of length, eight feet. Straight, straight, make straight.
(4) Xiqi Jinggongtian recruited yu people to kill them: In the past, Qi Jinggong hunted with a flag decorated with five-colored feathers to summon the officials in charge of the affairs of Yamazawa Garden, and Jinggong wanted to kill him. For the Duke of Qi Jing, see commentary on "The 4 People on the King of Liang Hui Are Not Allowed to Be On It" (7) and the Commentary on "Teng Wen Gong Shang Shi Zi Doubts Wu Yan Hu" (5). Field, hunting. With a flag decorated with five-colored feathers, the recruiter summons the official in charge of the affairs of Yamazawa Garden. Move, summon with a relic. Yu Ren (虞人), an official in charge of the affairs of The Mountain Zeyuan. 旌, pronounced jīng, a flag decorated with five-color feathers.
(5) Heroes do not forget to be in the ravine, and warriors do not forget to lose their roots: heroes are not afraid of abandoning corpses in ravines, and warriors are not afraid of losing their heads. These two sentences mean that "heroes" and "warriors" are ready to sacrifice at any time. A man of great will and high discipline. In, the verb, throw the body in. Ravines, ravines. Warriors, people who have the courage to dedicate themselves. Yuan, head, head.
(6) Confucius Xi Yan? Take the wrong trick: How did Confucius choose this? The choice is not the call that should have been there. Hey, what. Take, choose, identify. 焉, concurrent words, hence + auxiliary words, i.e. "to + what".
(7) If you don't wait for his tricks, what is it to go? And, just. Go, go, go.
(8) And the ruler and the seeker Eliyan also said: And the bend is one foot straight enough to be eight feet is said from the perspective of Eli' measurement. This means that seeing the princes feel that they can make a difference is considered from the purpose of helping the princes to achieve benefits. Take, from, press, use.
(9) If Eli is profitable, then it is also possible to seek a straight ruler and profit: if you act according to profit, then you can turn the original curve of eight feet into a foot and make a profit. Looking for a ruler in vain, the eight feet of "cutting" were reversed into one foot. This is deliberately fraudulent for the benefit of profit.
(10) In the past, Zhao Jianzi made Wang Liang ride with Xiao Xi and did not get a bird all day long: In the past, Zhao Jianzi let Wang Liang drive his favored courtier Xi Xi to hunt, and Xi could not beat a bird all day. 嬖, pronounced bì, the favored inner courtier. All day, all day.
(11) The unworthy worker of the world: He is the inferior and incompetent driver of the world. Lowly, inferior and incompetent. Worker, craftsman, Wang Liang is a hired driver, hence the name Worker.
(12) Please reply: Please allow me to drive again. Repeat, again, as a verb, again. Well, the matter of driving.
(13) Strong and then can be obtained ten birds in one day: After asking for permission from Xi, Xi hunted ten birds in one morning. Strong, demanding. Strong, pronounced qiǎng. And then, later. Yes, only allowed. One day, one morning.
(14) I make the palm and the female passenger: I ask him to drive for you. The cumphragm is omitted after "make". Palm, hold, specialize.
(15) I drive all day without getting one, and I get ten for a strange encounter: I can't beat a bird all day for him to regulate my driving behavior, and for him to drive against normal, I encounter ten birds in one morning. Fan me, regulate me. The previous one "one" and ten, the number with the name, one bird, ten birds. Trick or treat, act against normalcy.
(16) Without losing its speed, the arrow is broken: without leaving the mercedes-benz car, the arrow will be shot. The verse is from the Book of Poetry, Xiaoya Che Attack. No loss, no loss, no disengagement. Its car, that Mercedes-Benz car. Sheya, released the arrow. If it breaks, it hits. Such as, and, just. Broken, the target shatters, hits the target.
(17) I don't ride with the villain, please resign: I am not used to driving for the villain, please allow me to quit this errand. Consistent, with "habitual", habitual. And, give. Ride, sound chéng, drive.
(18) - The emperor is ashamed to be compared with the archer, and the beast is compared to the beast, although the hill is also the same: - The driver still regards cooperation with the strange shooter as a humiliation, and the cooperation can hunt the birds and beasts, even if they are piled up like a hill. The dash, which associates the story told with the truth drawn, is equivalent to "like this." Shame, intention to use, to... To be ashamed, put... See it as a disgrace. Than, close, cooperative, for the company.
(19) If you are wrong and follow the other path, what is it if you deviate from the right path and obey them? According to the path of evil, the bend of the meaning is contrary to the right way, but in fact it is the way of bending the meaning and accommodating others. He, they, refers to the princes.
(20) And the one who is too wrong, and the one who has wronged himself, there is no one who can make others upright: And you are wrong, and no one who bends his mind to obey others can make others upright. Over, wrong. Bend yourself and bend yourself to obey. Fu, make use of the law. No, no one. Straight people, make others upright. Straight, make use of the law.
6.1[Interpretations and Reviews]
Originally, the topic introduced by the Chen Dynasty seemed to feel that their ambitions were very small when they did not see the princes, but now when they saw the princes, they felt that their ambitions were as big as the heavenly sons who called the king of the world, and they were like the overlords who dominated the princes, not to mention that the "Zhi" said that "bending and bending is a foot that can be straightened eight feet", as if the princes could do something, but later the topic turned to the ambition of the scholars. The change in topic is caused by the phrase "that bend is one foot straight enough to be eight feet is measured by the standard of profit." From this sentence, it is led to the fact that the soldier is not afraid of power and does not "go wrong" for the sake of profit.
In the dialogue in this chapter, Mencius tells Chen Dai two allusions: one is that Qi Jing Gongtian recruits Yu people to not arrive, and the other is Wang Liang and Huan Xi.
Mencius gave the example of "Xiqi Jing Gongtian, Recruiting Yu People to Jingjing", and used Confucius's point of view of this evaluation to express his attitude of seeing and not seeing the princes. The matter of Xi Qi Jing Gong tian is recorded in the "Twenty Years of Zuo Chuan Zhao Gong": "Qi Hou Tian Yu Pei, recruiting yu people with bows, not entering." The minister insisted on it, and the words "Former I ancestors of the king of the field also, 旃 (zhān, a red crank flag) to recruit the doctor, bow to recruit soldiers, leather crown to attract people. The subject did not see the crown, so he did not dare to enter', but gave it up. Zhongni said that "it is better to keep the way than to keep the official", junzi yun (wěi, think it is right). Judging from the "Left Biography", Mencius has a slight error in this description. Mencius spoke of this allusion and clearly expressed his willingness not to "go wrong".
"Confucius Xi Yan? Take the other way and don't go to it", which is related to "Zhongni said that 'it is better to keep the way than to keep the official'". My mencius's attitude is to see if the princes please me or not, and I cannot go without inviting me; whether this prince can serve him or not, to see if he adopts my opinions, does not adopt my opinions, and I cannot stay. "Heroes do not forget to be in the ravine" means that people with ambitions will not forget that they are in a low-level position in the ravine and cannot climb high; "warriors do not forget to lose their roots" means that warriors will not forget to throw their heads and drink blood, and are ready to sacrifice at any time.
"If you don't wait for his tricks, you will go to Ho Zha", ostensibly speaking of the small official who managed the court, expressing That Mencius was unwilling to "bend the road" to show favor to the princes.
According to the rules, The Imperial Emperor Wang Liang drove for Zhao Jianzi's concubine Xi Xi to "never get a bird all day" and "get ten for the sake of a strange encounter". The situation that occurs against the norm is called "tricky encounter", and Wang Liang thus determines that Xi is a villain and is unwilling to "bend the road" to be with the villain.
What is the "wrong way", the wrong way is to go against the right way and practice the evil way, that is to say, the wrong way is actually the way of bending the meaning to cater to or accommodate others, that is, "if it is profitable, then it is also possible to seek a straight ruler and profit in vain", and to turn the eight-foot "decision" into a foot, which is a deliberately fraudulent practice for the sake of profit. Confucius and Mencius were both "selling for a price", and they were both people who refused to bend the law to meet the Emperor of the Tao.
!["Zaozhuang History" Teng Wengong and "Good Country" - Teng Xiaoguo[fig]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///wAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=)